3. Adjectives of three terminations; as, acer or aeris, for the mafc. acris, for the fem. acre, for the neut. sharp ; thus,

Sing.

(N. a-cer or cris, -cris, -cre, N. a-cres,

G. a-cris,

D. a-cri,

A. a-crem,

-cris, cris, G. a-crium,
-cri, -cri, D. a-cribus,

-crem, -cre, A. a-cres,

V. a cer or -cris,-cris, -cre, V. a-cres,

A. a-cri,

Plur.
-cres, -čria,
crium, -crium,
-cribus, -cribus,
cres, -cria,

.cres, -cria,

cri, cri. A. a-cribus, -cribus, cribus.

In like manner, alacer or alacris, celer or celeris, celeber or celebris, faluber or falubris, volucer or volucris, &c.

RULES.

1. Adjectives of the third declenfion have e or i in the ablative fingular: but if the neuter be in e, the ablative has i only.

2. The genitive plural ends in ium, and the neuter of the nominative, accufative, and vocative, in ia: except comparatives, which have um and a.

EXCEPTIONS.

Exc. 1. Dives, hofpes, fofpes, fuperftes, juvěnis, fenex, and pauper, have e only in the ablative fingular, and confequently um in the genitive plural.

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Exc. 2. The following have alfo e in the abl. fing. and um, not ium in the gen. plur. Compos, -otis, master of, that hath obtained his defire; impos, otis, unable; inops, -opis, poor; fupplex, -icis, fuppliant, humble; uber, -ĕris, fertile; confors, -tis, fharing, a partner; degener, -ĕris, degenerate, or degenerating; vigil, watchful; puber, -ĕris, of age, marriageable; and celer: Allo compounds in ceps, fex, pes, and corpor; as, particeps, partaking of; artifex, -icis, cunning, an artift; bipes, -pedis, two footed; bicorpor, -ŏris, two-bodied, &c. All these have feldom the neut. fing. and almost never the neut. plur. in the nom and acc. To which add memor, mindful, which has memori, and memorum: alfo defes, refes, bebes, perpes, præpes, teres, concolor, verficolor, which likewife for the most part want the genitive plural.

Exc. 3. Par, equal, has only pări : but its compounds have either e or i; as, compăre, or -ri, Vetus, old, hath vetera, and veterum; plus, more, which is only used in the neut. fing. has plure; and in the plural, plures, plura, or pluria, plurium.

Exc. 4. Exfpes, hopeless; and potis, -e, able, are only used in the nominative. Potis has alfo fometimes potis in the neuter.

REMARKS.

1. Comparatives, and adjectives in ns, have e more frequently than i; and participles in the ablative called abfolute have generally e; as, Tiberio regnante, not regnanti, in the reign of Tiberius. 2. Adjectives joined with substantives neuter for the most part have i; as, victrīci ferro, not viЯrice.

3. Different words are fometimes used to exprefs the different genders; as, victor, victorious, for the mafc. victrix, for the fem. Vidrix, in the plur. has likewife the neuter gender; thus, victrīces, victricia: fo, ultor, and ultrix, revengeful. Viarix is alfo neut. in the fingular.

4. Several adjectives compounded of clivus, frenum, bacillum, arma, jugum, limus, fomnus, and animus, end in is or us ; and therefore are either of the first and fecond declenfion, or of the third; as, decli vis, -is, -e; and declivus, -a, -um, steep; imbecillis, and imbecillus, weak ; femifomnis, and femifomnus, half-asleep; exanimis and exanimus, lifelefs. But feveral of them do not admit of this variation; thus we say, magnanimus, flexanimus, efrēnus, levisomnus; not magnanimis, &c. the contrary, we say, pufillanimis, injugis, illīmis, infomnis, exfomnis ; not pufillanimus, &c. So, femianimis, inermis, fublīmis, acelīvis, declīvis, proclivis; rarely femianimus, &c.

On

5. Adjectives derived from nouns are called Denominatives; as, cordatus, morātus, cæleftis, adamantinus, corporeus, agreftis, eftivus, &c. from cor, mos, cælum, adamas, . Those which diminish the fignification of their primitives are called Diminutives; as, mifellus, parvălus, duriufculus, &c. Those which fignify a great deal of a thing are called Amplificatives, and end in ofus or entus; as, vinōsus, vinolentus, given to much wine; operofus, laborious; plumbōfus, full of lead; nodofus, knotty, full of knots; corpulentus, corpulent, &c. Some end in tus; as, aurītus, having long or large ears; nasutus, having a large nofe; literatus, learned, &c.

6. An adjective derived from a substantive or from another adjective, fignifying poffeffion or property, is called a Possessive Adjective; as, Scoticus, paternus, berīlis, aliēnus, of or belonging to Scotland, a father, a mafter, another: from Scotia, pater, berus, and alius.

7. Adjectives derived from verbs are called Verbals ; as, amabilis, amiable; capax, capable; docilis, teachable; from amo, capio,

docea.

8. When participles become adjectives, they are called Participials; as, fapiens, wife; acutus, fharp; difertus, eloquent. Of these many alfo become fubftantives; as, adolefcens, animans, rudens, ferpens; advocatus, fponfus, natus, legatus ; fponfa, mata, ferta, fc. corona, a garland; prætexta, fc. veftis; debitum, decretum, præceptum, fatum, te&tum, Dotum, c.

9. Adjectives derived from adverbs are called Adverbials; as, hodiernus, from bodie; craftinus, from cras; binus, from bis, &%. There

are likewife adjectives derived from prepofitions; as, contrarius, from contra; anticus, from ante: pofticus, from poft.

NUMERAL ADJECTIVES.

Adjectives which fignify number, are divided into four claffes, Cardinal, Ordinal, Diftributive, and Multipli

The cardinal numbers, except unus and mille, want the fingular.

Unus is not used in the plural, unlefs when joined with a fubftantive which wants the fingular; as, una mania, one wall; or when feveral particulars are confidered as one whole; as, una veftimente, one fuit of clothes.

In the fame manner with duo, decline ambo, both.

All the Cardinal numbers from quatuor to centum, including them both, are indeclinable; and from centum to mille, are declined like the plural of bonus; thus, ducenti, -tæ, -ta; ducentorum, -tarum, -torum, 5,

Mille is ufed either as a fubftantive or adjective; when taken fubftantively it is indeclinable in the fingular number; and in the plural has millia, millium, millibus, &c.

Mille, an adjective, is commonly indeclinable, and to express more than one thousand, has the numeral adverbs joined with it; thus, mille bomines, a thousand men; mille hominum, of a thousand men, &c. Bis mille homines, two thousand men; ter mille homines, . But with mille, a substantive, we say mille hominum, a thousand men; duo millia hominum, tria millia, quatuor millia, centum or centena millia bominum; Decies centena millia, a million; Ficies centena millia, two millions, &c.

2. The Ordinal numbers are primus, first; fecundus, fecond, &c. declined like bonus."

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3. The diftributive are, finguli, one by one; bini, two by two, &c. declined like the plural of bonus.

The following table contains a lift of the Ordinal and Distributive Numbers, together with the Numeral Adverbs, which are often joined with the Numeral Adjectives.

4. The multiplicative numbers are fimplex, fimple; duplex, double, or two-fold; triplex, triple, or three-fold ; quadruplex, four-fold, &c; all of them declined like felix ; thus, fimplex -icis, &c.

The interrogative words, to which the above numerals answer, are, quot, quotus, quotēni, quoties, and quotuplex.

Quot, how many is indeclinable: So Tot, fo many; totidem, juft fo many; quotquot, quotcunque, how many foever; aliquot, fome.

To these numeral adjectives may be added fuch as express divifion, proportion, time, weight, &c. as bipartitus, tripartitus, c. duplus, triplus, c. bimus, trimus, &c. biennis, triennis, c. bimeftris, trimestris,

c, bilibris, trilibris, &c. binarius, ternarius, &c. which laft are applied to the number of any kind of things whatever; as, verfus fenarius, a verfe of fix feet; denarius nummus, a coin of ten affes; octoge narius fenex, an old man eighty years old; grex centenarius, a flock of an hundred, &c.