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REPLIES:-Representative County Libraries, Public and

Private, 111-St. Thomas's Day Custom, 112-Dr. Wells: Ashbourne, 113-Chatterton's Apprenticeship to Lambert Portrait of Lord Monteagle Loretto Countess Macnamara" Over against Catherine Street in the Strand." 114-St. Leonard's Priory-Armorial Bearings upon Tombs-Hamiltons at Holyrood-FrankincenseAmong the Shakespeare Archives. 115-London Coaching and Carriers' Inns in 1732-Lady Anne Graham-New Style-Voucher Railway Ticket-Grey in sense of Brown-Christmas Pudding and Mince Pie, 116-Stonehenge-"To Outrun the Constable"-The Tragedy of New England-Wideawake Hats-Emerson's English Traits 117-Daniel Defoe in the Pillory-Authors of Quotations Wanted-Tercentenary Handlist of News NOTES ON BOOKS: The Burford Records: a Study in Minor Town Government.'

Paper on The Dew and Single Vision -The Green Man,

papers, 118.

Bevised Edition of Liddell and Scott's Greek English Lexicon.

Notices to Correspondeats.

Notes.

GRAY'S ETON EXERCISE

AND POPE.

THIS note is intended to catch the eye of some future editor or biographer of the poet Gray. As far as the writer is aware, the close connexion in thought and language between Gray's Latin Poem, designated 'Play-exercise at Eton,' and the First Epistle of Pope's 'Essay on Man' has never been noticed, or at least is nowhere set forth. But it is of interest because it shows that Gray read the Essay, or the first part of it, at Eton, and that he based his "playexercise" almost entirely on it. Gray went to Eton in 1727, and entered Peterhouse in July 1734. The first part of the "Essay

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published in 1733, anonymously, and in 1734 Pope avowed himself its author. Gray therefore, if he read it at Eton, must have come across it soon after publication.

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For me kind nature wakes her geniai pow'r,
Suckles each herb, and spreads out every flow'r ;
Annual for me, the grape, the rose renew
The juice nectareous and the balmy dew;
For me, the mine a thousand treasures brings;
For me, health gushes from a thousand springs;
Seas roll to waft me, suns to light me rise;
My footstool earth, my canopy the skies."

Gray's equivalent is pretty close:-
Et quodcunque videt, proprios assumit in usus.
Me propter jam vere expergefacta virescit
Natura in flores, herbisque illudit, amatque
Pingere telluris gremium, mihi vinea fetu
Purpureo turget, dulcique rubescit honore ;
Luna mihi pallet, mihi Olympum Phoebus
Me rosa, me propter liquidos exhalat odores;
inaurat,

Sidera mi lucent, volvunturque aequora ponti. Incidentally these lines, like others later, show Gray's acquaintance with Lucretius. Let us proceed with Pope :

What would this Man? Now upward would he

soar,

And little less than angel, would be more;
Now looking downward just as grieved appears
To want the strength of bulls, the fur of bears.
Gray has :-

Plurimus (hic error demensque libido lacessit)
In superos coelumque ruit, sedesque relinquit,
Quas Natura dedit proprias, jussitque tueri.
Humani sortem generis pars altera luget,
Invidet armento et campi se vindicat herbam.
"Oh quis me in pecoris felicia transferat arva."
continues his Man, who after adopting a
whole line straight from Lucretius, asks
why he has not a lynx's eye :-
"Cur mihi non lyncisve oculi, vel odora canum
vis

Additur, aut gressus cursu glomerare potestas?
Funditur in telam et late per stamina vivit !
Aspice ubi tenues dum texit aranea casses,
Quid mihi non tactus eadem exquisita facultas
Taurorumve tori solidi, pennaeque volucrum."
This recalls :-

Why has not man a microscopic eye?
and

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comes the answer, which we will give first Ram: Smithfield.

in Pope's words :—

Say what the use were finer epics giv'n,
To inspect a mite, not comprehend the heav'n?
Or touch, if tremblingly alive.all o'er,
To smart or agonize at ev'ry pore?

Or quick effluvia darting through the brain,
Die of a rose in aromatic pain?

If nature thundered.in his op'ning ears

And stunned him with the music of the spheres..

which Gray converts into

Coaches.
M. W. F.

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S.

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Coaches.

M. Th.

Leicester, Nottingham.
Wolverhampton.

Great Bowden, Uppingham.
Wellingborough.

Banbury. Th. S. Coventry.
Melton Mowbray, Nottingham, Wal-
sall, Wolverhampton.

Culworth, Deddington, Great Bowden, Lutterworth, Northampton, Stratford-on-Avon, Uppingham.

Rugby.

Pertaesos sortis doceant responsa silere.
Si tanto valeas contendere acumine visus,
Et graciles penetrare atomos ; non aethera possis Red Lyon: Aldersgate.
Suspicere aut late spatium comprendere ponti.
Vis si adsit major naris? quam, vane, doleres,
Extinctus fragranti aura, dulcique veneno!
Si tactus, tremat hoc corpus, solidoque dolore
Ardeat in membris nervoque laboret in omni:
Sive auris, fragor exanimet, cum rumpitur igne.
Fulmineo coelum, totusque admurmurat aether

Minor and more general similarities to
Pope may be detected elsewhere in Gray's
Latin; but these are the obvious ones.

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T. F.
M.

Carriers.

M.

T.
Th.

Red Lyon:
Carrier.
F.

Harborough. T. Th. Hatfield.
Bedford. Th. S. Hurst.
Grantham, Hull. Th. Warwick.

Boston, Gainsborough, Horncast e,
Lincoln, Loughborough, Lowth,
York.

Harborough.

Huntingdon, Potten, Southam.

Bishopsgate Street Without.

Waltham Abbey.

Red Lyon: Red Cross Street.

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Carrier.

F.
Rose

Carriers.

M. Th.

Th.

W. Bristol.

Rose Smithfield.

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Allsford (? Alresford), Marlborough,
Pool, Rumsey.

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Kettering. Th. Simpton.

Rose and Crown: St. John Street.

Carriers.

W.

Bocking.
F. Braintree.

T. F.

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Saracen's Head: Aldgate.

Coaches.

T. Th. S. Chigwell, Hornchurch.
M. Th. Romford.

Forwich (? Fordwich,, Harwich.

*Saracen's Head: Bread Street.

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Barking.

Coaches.

Ashford, Langley. W. F. Maidstone.

T. S.

W.

Carriers.

Th.

Hereford.

Queen's Head: Southwark.

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Layton Buzzard.

Saracen's Head: Friday Street.

Coaches.
M. W. F.

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S.

Every day. Blackheath, Deptford.
Carriers.

Th.

Exeter. Th. S. Abingdon.
Taunton. W. Farringdon.
Bath. S. Dorchester.

Plymouth. M. Falmouth.
Wantage.

Columpton, Dorchester, Totnes.

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this direction since the publication of the edition in the Rolls' Series but, in view of the amount of material made available for students since that date, a brief account of the present position of the question, and of the few additional data I have been able to glean from the sources of my disposal, may possibly lead to the solution of a problem which is not entirely without importance.

Of the several Ralf fitz Gilberts who figure in the contemporary records and are connected with Lincolnshire, the one most generally identified with Gaimar's patron is that "Redulphus filius Gilleberti " who held land at Scampton (Lincs.) which he granted c. 1150 to Kirkstead Abbey. Beyond the identity of names there does not appear to be any particular ground for supposing him to be the "Raul le fiz Gilebert " of the epilogue nor does there appear to be any reason, except that he had a son named Ralf, for identifying him with his contemporary and namesake, the founder of Markby Priory. In the Introduction to the second

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shire under Henry II., but the only evidence the latter must have had property in Wilthe gives in support of this assertion is a reference to the Pipe Roll of 7 Henry Il.' where, under Hampshire, we read: Et in Gilleberti iiii m et debet iiii m qui requirendi perdona per brevem regis Radulphus filius

sunt in Wiltescire. As we shall see there appear to be traces of this Ralf in later entries of the Pipe Roll.

It is well-known to students of Anglo-volume of the Rolls' edition the editor says Norman that Gaimar's 'Estoire des Engleis ends with the death of William Rufus and that in the Royal MS. of that work there is appended to it a long epilogue in which are given some particulars of the conditions under which Gaimar completed his work and of the sources he used in compiling it. Though found only in a comparatively late MS. and though not all of its statements appear to be supported by the very abridged version found in the two earlier MSS. (of Durham and Lincoln respectively; that at Herald's College-the fourth and latestcontains no trace of an epilogue), it has generally been accepted as authentic. The question of Gaimar's authorship, extremely probable from internal evidence, could be satisfactorily determined were it possible to identify convincingly the patron "Raul le fiz Gilebert "--and patroness— "dame Custance," his wife-to whom reference is made in the epilogue, and it is this problem of identity that I propose to

more

discuss here.

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The close acquaintance with Lincolnshire topography shown on many occasions in the Estoire" and the interest displayed in East Anglian traditions-Haveloc, St. Edmund, Hereward, &c.-have led to the general assumption that the author had lived in that part of the country, and with this as starting point previous students have endeavoured to identify Gaimar's patron. Apparently little has been done in

If we turn to the account of the manor of Empshott (Hants) in the third volume of the Victoria History of that county we find a reference to a charter of "Radulphus filius Gileberti" and of Constance his wife. Curiously enough, though the name figures in the text, it does not occur in the index for the reference having passed unnoticed. to the History, which probably accounts (It was only while casually turning over the leaves that I came across the notice myself.) The charter is to be found in the British

Museum Add. MSS. 33280 at f. 202 and of it

I have procured the following transcript.

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& sororum.'

libam & quieta ab oibz servicijs esse annuims alia v ps solumodo dni nri Reg' solvet & duor: houm servicia in autupno ad singlas p'ces nras. Hijs Test' Philipp' gen'o nro cu Isabel ux'e sua & Peto & Rad' filior: eiusd Philipp' & alijs. Rogavims p caritate dei & impetravims ab pfatis fribz nris ut audito obitu nro & Philippi gen'i nri & ux'is eis Isabel & hedes nri faciant serviciu p aiabz nris sicut p aiabz specialiu frm The priory, originally founded at Portchester by Henry I, was removed to Southwick between 1145-53, after which date the above grant must have been made; since, however, the grant was confirmed between 1170 and 1180 by Pope Alexander III, together with that of the ecclesiam de Portseia (granted by Baldwin de Portseia c. 1170), of the ecclesiam de Nuthlia, and of a house in Winchester, the above charter must be earlier. If, as I think probable, the entry, under Hampshire, of the Pipe Roll of 13 Henry II.' is to be read: [I]m: besseta Rad redd comp de dim m; then Ralf fitz Gilbert still had property there in 1167 and the date of his grant to Southwick is very probably to be ascribed to c. 1170.

It is now time to consider the remaining references to Ralf fitz Gilbert in Hampshire. In this same Pipe Roll of 13 Henry II.' there is also the following entry under Hampshire Eslega Rad redd comp de dim , and we learn from the Placit. Abbrev. of 10 John (p. 69) that this was "Radulphus filius Gileberti," and that he held of William de Venuz, who was lord of the manor of Empshott, among other places, in the second half of the twelfth century. Moreover "Hugo filius Radulphi " (of Eastleigh) bought land from John de Venuz, c. 1220 according to V. C. H., Hants (vol. iii, sub Eastleigh) where a reference, which I have been unable to control, is given to 'Pedes Finium 3 and 4 Henry III.'; since William de Venuz was contemporary with Ralf fitz Gilbert and since John de Venuz was his grandson, it is probable that "Hugo filius Radulphi ' stood in the same relationship to Ralf fitz Gilbert. At any rate it seems fairly certain that Ralf of Empshott and Ralf of Eastleigh are one and the same person and it is, it seems to me, probable that this Hampshire Fitz Gilbert is identical with the founder of Markby Priory who, as we learn from Placit. Abbrev. 7 John (p. 46) and 9-10 John (p. 58), had a son Ralf and a grandson Hugh, who, to judge by an entry in the Rotuli Hugonis de Welles (Lincoln Record Society,' vol. iii, P. 202), was still interested in Markby Priory, c. 1230.

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This Ralf fitz Gilbert appears to have been a brother of Robert fitz Gilbert of Legbourne (Lincs.)—though the evidence does not seem altogether satisfactory-whose family (for an account of which cf. Lincolnshire Notes and Queries, vols. vi. and xii.) held extensively of the Earls of Chester. It is noteworthy in this connection that Gaimar has special references to this family and to one at least of its traditions. Further he was undoubtedly familiar with the country stretching between Reading and Southampton, e.g., he chooses Portsmouth as the scene of a fictitious battle recorded by him, and preserves an account of an English retreat before the Danes up the Loddon valley by Twyford and Whistley. There is then no difficulty in the way of identifying the "Raul le fiz Gilebert and dame fitz Gilbert and Constance of Empshott, Custance of the epilogue with the Ralf but is the genealogical evidence sufficient, at present, to warrant the further assumption that this Hampshire Fitz Gilbert is the same as the founder of Markby Priory-an tiated, to determine the authenticity of the identity which would do much, if substanepilogue ? hesitate to press the evidence too far, though more competent students than myself may be able to strengthen the claim of identity from the genealogical side.

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It is on this account that I

ALEXANDER BELL. 46 All Saints Road, Peterborough.

ERRORS IN CARLYLE'S FRENCH REVOLUTION.'-A writer in last year's August number of L'Intermédiaire, under the heading Erreurs dans Carlyle,' has indicated two oversights in this book. As neither of them draws a comment in the annotated edition of Prof. J. H. Rose or that of Mr. C. R. L. Fletcher, readers of the 'French Revolution may care to note the corrections, even if, remembering Mr. Oscar Browning's essay on The Flight to Varennes,' they are proof against any surprise at the inaccuracy of Carlyle's picturesque details.

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1. In vol. i., Bk. III., chap. 6, "fascinating indispensable Madame de Buffon," mistress of the Duke of Orleans, is described as the

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'light wife of a great Naturalist much too old for her. Yet in his description o Egalité on his way to the guillotine (vol iii., Bk. V., chap. 2), when, as the procession stops at the quondam Palais Royal, "Dame de Buffon, it is said, looked out on him, in Jezebel headtire," Carlyle gives a reference

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