The Psychology of Control and Aging

action activity analysis approach assessment associated attributions Baltes behavior beliefs causes chapter choice cognitive concept consequences considered consistent construct contingency control understanding coping correlations dependent depression determine developmental differences dimensions domains effects efforts elderly environment environmental example expectations experience explanation external factors feelings findings functioning goals helping helplessness Human important increase independent indicated individuals institutional intellectual interaction internal involved issues Journal Journal of Personality Langer learned less locus of control mean measures motivation negative observed one's orientation outcomes patterns perceived control perception of control performance personal control perspective physical positive predictability presented Press problem processes Psychology question relationship reported residents response role sample scales self-concept sense significant situations social Social Psychology specific stability stress studies subjects suggests Table task theoretical theory types University variables various York