Perfection of Solitude: Hermits and Monks in the Crusader States

abbot Aimery Antioch Benedictine Bernard of Blois Bethlehem bishop Black Mountain Byzantine canons career Carmelitanum Carmelite Order cave of Elijah cells cenobitic Chartreuse Cistercian Cîteaux cloister conversatione crusader Daniel Duodecima centuria Elias of Narbonne eremitical example Frankish Gerard of Nazareth Godric Godric of Finchale Greek hermits hermits of Mount Holy Land holy places Holy Sepulcher Ibid institutione Jacques de Vitry John Bale John Phocas Jubin kingdom of Jerusalem Latin Church Latin East Latin hermits Latin kingdom Libellus lived medieval monastery monastery of Saint monasticism monks Mount Carmel Mount Tabor Muslims Neophytus Obazine Orthodox monasteries Orthodox monasticism Orthodox monks Palestine Palmaria Paris patriarch of Jerusalem Peter the Venerable pilgrimage to Jerusalem pilgrims priests Ribot Rule of Saint Saint John Saint Sabas settlement solitude spiritual spring of Elijah Stephen Stephen of Obazine Syria thirteenth century tomb tradition trans twelfth century Valley of Jehosaphat Vita vols Western William of Tyre