-it had been prepared by years and years of unbounded-(and therefore, erroneous) but-unostentatious CHARITY. All the details of his diffusive benevolence are known only in heaven-but it happens to have been ascertained that, in one year alone, the sum of 31731. was so spent; and there is reason to believe that he seldom disposed of less than one-fourth of his income in the same way; nay, he sometimes exceeded his income by such amiable indiscretions-indiscretions indeed-but which almost disarm censure.

The good man himself makes his apology and states his consolation in two charming effusions of such a contented spirit, as nothing but religion and a pure conscience could have inspiredwith which-to leave a sweet savour in the minds of our readerswe shall conclude our extracts :

""I never intended to do more," he told his eldest son, "than not exceed my income, Providence having placed me in a situation in which my charities of various kinds were necessarily large. But believe me there is a special blessing on being liberal to the poor, and on the family of those who have been so; and I doubt not my children will fare better even in this world, for real happiness, than if I had been saving 20,000%. or 30,000/, of what has been given away."-vol. v p. 313. An amiable but inadequate palliative! And in a letter to a friend he states:

"Highwood, March 16.

'My dear I wished that you should receive from myself, rather than from the tongue of rumour, tidings which sooner or later were sure to be conveyed to you, and which I know would give you pain. The loss incurred has been so heavy as to compel me to descend from my present level, and greatly to diminish my establishment. But I am bound to recognise in this dispensation the gracious mitigation of the severity of the stroke. It was not suffered to take place till all my children were educated, and nearly all of them placed out in one way or another; and, by the delay, Mrs. Wilberforce and I are supplied with a delightful asylum under the roofs of two of our own children. And what better could we desire ? A kind Providence has enabled me with truth to adopt the declaration of David, that goodness and mercy have followed me all my days. And now, when the cup presented to me has some bitter ingredients, yet surely no draught can be deemed distasteful which comes from such a hand, and contains such grateful infusions as those of social intercourse and the sweet endearments of filial gratitude and affection. What I shall most miss will be my books and my garden, though I own I do feel a little the not (for I know not how long if ever) being able to ask my friends to take a dinner or a bed with me, under my own roof. And as even the great apostle did not think the " having no certain dwelling-place," associated with his other far greater sufferings, unworthy of mention, so I may feel this also to be some, though I grant not a great evil, to one who has so many kind friends who will be happy to receive him,'-vol. v. pp. 325, 326.

'One

One of his parsonage-houses,' as he playfully calls them, was at Farleigh, in Kent—a living close to Teston, one of Mr. Wilberforce's favourite haunts—which it is both a duty and a pleasure to state was bestowed on the elder of the editors by the spontaneous and considerate bounty of Lord Chancellor Brougham; who, though he was unacquainted with the reverse in Mr. Wilberforce's fortune, and could probably know nothing of his peculiar connexion with that neighbourhood, bestowed-by one of those lucky accidents to which generous minds are happily liable—the kind of home and the very home which his venerable friend could have most desired. There is no chancellor who ever held the seals who would not, if the case had been presented to him, have gladly ministered to the wants of such a man as Wilberforce; but the activity of Lord Brougham's mind discovered the want-and the instinct of benevolence suggested the local advantages, of the boon he was fortunately enabled to offer. We know nothing in Lord Brougham's official life which we could with equal pleasure record -nothing, we confidently believe, can his lordship, with more pleasure, remember.

6

But, broken up by these disasters, and smoothed again by these attentions, as were the paths of Mr. Wilberforce's last years, they could lead but to the grave.' Feeling, as it were, the ruling passion strong in death,' he was to depart, as he always said he had lived, a pilgrim and a stranger:' he travelled, moribundus, from his parsonage in Kent to his other parsonage in the Isle of Wight, and so on to Bath, in April and May, 1833, and thence in July to London-where, on Monday the 29th July, in a small borrowed house (No. 44, we believe) in Cadogan-place, Sloane-street, he expired at the age of seventy-three years and eleven months.

He had chosen, for the place of his mortal deposit, a vault at Stoke Newington, where his sister and his daughter had been buried; but, as soon as his death was known, a requisition (originating, we believe, with Lord Chancellor Brougham, and extensively signed by members of the Houses of Lords and Commons) requested that he might-as a public honour to his worth-be buried in Westminster Abbey, and that the subscribers should be permitted as a personal respect to his memory-to attend his funeral. Such a request could not be resisted; and he was buried, on Saturday the 5th of August, in the north transept of Westminster Abbey, close to the tombs of Pitt, Fox, and Canning!

ΕΥΔΕΤ' ΕΜΑ ΨΥΧΑΕΓΕΡΣΙΜΟΝ ΥΠΝΟΝ

ΟΛΒΙΟΙ ΕΥΝΑΞΟΙΣΘΕ ΚΑΙ ΟΛΒΙΟΙ ΑΩ ΙΚΟΙΣΘΕ!*

*Which may be thus rendered

Rest kindred souls-till wakening sense be drawn-
From blessed slumbers, by a blessed dawn.

We

We have, in our preceding observations, so fully opened our opinion of Mr. Wilberforce's character that we have little to add. Those observations have naturally contained a large proportion of criticism, because the work we have been reviewing holds up Mr. Wilberforce as an object of indiscriminate imitation, while we, less partial, as we hope, think that, with much to be imitated and much that was inimitable, there was also something to be avoided: decipit exemplar-that example is most dangerous, the errors of which are more easily copied than its virtues; and we have executed what we conceived to be a public, but felt to be a painful, duty, in noticing these errors; but the errors were personal-be they forgotten; the virtues are immortal-may they be imitated!

One point only remains to be noticed. It might be imagined, from the ascetic journal we have quoted, and from the strictness and seriousness of Mr. Wilberforce's devotion, that his temper was as grave and serious as his doctrine, and that religion wore with him, if not a forbidding, at least a severe, aspect. Nothing could be more distant from the fact: his Christianity was of the most amiable and attractive character-his temper was cheerful even to playfulness-his pleasantry, though measured, was copious —and his wit, though chastened, ready and enlivening. The editors confess that they have been unable to do justice to the close union' in their father's character of the most rigid principles with the most gay and playful disposition' (v. 294)-a great and much-to-be-lamented deficiency in their work. It would have done more justice to him, and been of more practical advantage to mankind, if they had given us less of the perplexing scruples and theoretic terrors of his Journal, and more of the habitual cheerfulness and persuasive attraction of his conversation —which savoured in social life of the Christianity of the Church of England, which he professed and we believe sincerely venerated, and which is truly

a divine philosophy, Not harsh and crabbed as dull fools suppose, But musical as is Apollo's lyre,

And a perpetual feast of nectar'd sweets!'

THE

QUARTERLY REVIEW. QUARTERLY

ART. I.-1. Horatius Restitutus; or the Books of Horace arranged in chronological order. By James Tate, M.A., Canon Residentiary of St. Paul's. Second Edition. London. 1837. 2. Quæstiones Horatiana. Scripsit C. Kirchner. Lipsia. 1834.

WE

E doubt whether we could produce, in modern times, a second instance of such ardent and exclusive devotion to a favourite author, as that of Mr. Tate to Horace, excepting, perhaps, in the case of another celebrated divine to the father of Grecian tragedy. Let us not be understood to suggest any further comparison between our old friend Mr. Abraham Adams, and the canon of St. Paul's; for, after all, we much doubt whether an edition of Eschylus, cum notis A. Adams, B.D., would have been a very acceptable present to literature. This of Horace, on the other hand, now before us, is a work, both in its design and execution, worthy of very high praise. Seriously speaking, the Horatius Restitutus' should find a place in the library of the mature scholar, of the youthful student, and of the accomplished man of the world (if such there remain in these days of utilitarianism and political excitement), who still cherishes his classical tastes, and takes delight in that admirable union of shrewd common sense, and graceful verse, in him, whom Shaftesbury has happily called the most gentlemanlike of Roman poets. The works of every writer, whose poems are worthy of studious and repeated perusal, are best arranged in the order of their composition. This must be the case, even where the sole object of interest is the development of the poet's own mind, the gradual progress of his skill in the use of his materials; his increasing command of language, or his degeneracy into carelessness or mannerism; the slowly self-refining perception of the harmonies of verse, or the violation of its first principles, to which poets of fame are tempted in the wantonness of power. It is still more so, when we contemplate with unwearying curiosity, that higher and more important relation between the ripening perfection of the intellectual and moral nature of the poet and that of his poetry; the elevation and refinement of his own soul through the long and familiar entertainment of lofty and delicate thoughts, and the reflection of that soul in the mirror of his yerse; the pure

VOL. LXII. NO. CXXIV.

U

intenser