The Sum of thofe Products is, 1960. Then, according to the Rule, the feveral Proportions will ftand thus, 1960 166,6:936: 79,56797. 11 s. 2 d. 520: 44,20441. 4 s. od. 504 42,84 The whole Gain A. for B. 42 l. 16 s. 9 d.. C. 166, 12 s. o d. Or you may work as in fome of the former Examples, viz. by finding the proportional Part of the Gain due to one Pound, &c. Thus 1960: 166,6 :: 1: 0,085 the common Multiplier. Question 3. Six Merchants, viz. A, B, C, D, E, and F, enter into Partnership, and compofe a Joint-Stock in this manner; They traffick, and gain 2581. 18 s. 4 d. It is required to find every Man's Share of the Gain, according to the Stock and Time it was employed." The feveral Stocks of Money, and their refpective Times being firft brought into Decimals, and then multiplied together, will produce thefe following Products. Then if you work by the common Way; it will be 4142,7 258,91875:: 290,25 18,14062518 1, 2 s. 9‡d. for A's Part of the Gain; and fo on for the reft. But if you work by the easiest Way, viz. by finding the proportional Part of the Gain due to one Pound. Thus 4142,7 258,91875 : 6,0625. Thefe few Examples being well understood, are fufficient to fhew the whole Bufinefs of Fellowship, &c. WHEN Merchants, or Tradefmen, exchange one Commodity for another, it is called Bartering; and the only Difficulty in this Way of dealing, lies in duly proportioning the Commodities to be exchanged, fo as that neither Party may fuftain Lofs. Question 1. Two Merchants, A, and B, Barter; A would exchange 5 C. 3 qrs. 14 pound of Pepper, which is worth 3 l. 10 s. per C. with B for Cotton, worth 10 d. per pound Weight; how much Cotton muft B give to A for his Pepper? Note, In order to the refolving of this Queflion (and all other Questions of this Nature) you must first find, by the Rule of Three (or otherwife) the true Value of that Commodity whofe Quantity is given (which in this Question is Pepper). And then find how much, of the other Commodity will amount to that Sum, at the Rate propofed. Firft 5 C. 3 grs. 14 lb. 5,875 in Decimals. And 3. 10s. o d. The 3,5 5,875 Value of the Pepper. = 3,500 20,5625 20%. 115. 3 d. the true Next it is easy to conceive, that A ought to have as much Cotton at 10 d. per Pound, as will amount to 20%. 11 s. 3 d. which may be thus found; 10 d. : 1 lb. :: 20 l. 11 s. 3 d. ≈ 4235 d. : 493,5 lb. That That is, 4 C. I gr. 17 1⁄2 pound of Cotton. And fo much B muft give to A in exchange for his 5 C. 3 grs. 14 pound of Pepper. Question 2. Two Merchants A and B barter thus; A hath 86 Yards of Broad Cloth worth 9 s. 2 d. per Yard ready Money: but in Barter he will have IIS. per Yard. B hath Shalloon worth 2 s. 1 d. per Yard ready Money; it is required to find how many Yards of the Shalloon B muft give to A for his Cloth, to make his Gain in the Barter equal to that of A's. The Method of refolving this, and the like Questions, differs a little from the laft Cafe; for in this you must first find what Advance B ought to make per Yard upon his Shalloon, in proportion to what A hath done upon a Yard of his Cloth. Thus Ss. 5. s. d. d. d. d. s. d. s. d. d. 9.2=110:11=132 :: 2.1 = 25: 2.6=30 the advanced Price for a Yard of B's Shalloon. Then proceed as before in the laft Example. Thus 1 Yard: 11 S.:: 86 Yards: 946 s. 47 l. 6 s. the advanced Value of all the Cloth. Next, If 2 s. 6d. will buy one Yard of Shalloon, at it's advanced Price, how many Yards will 47, 6s. buy. Thus 2, 51: 946: 378,4 Yards. That is, B muft give 378 Yards of his Shalloon to A, for his 86 Yards of Broad Cloth. These two Examples are fufficient to fhew the Learner, that the Method of bartering, or exchanging Commodities for Commodities, wholly depends upon a clear Understanding of the Golden Rule; which indeed is fo called, because of it's Univerfal Ufe. Sect. 4. Of Exchanging Coins. FXchanging the Coins of one Country for those of another, is like the bafinefs of bartering Commodities. That is, it confifts in finding what Sum of one Country Coin will be equal in Value to any propofed Sum of another Country Coin. And, in order to perform that, it will be very neceffary to have a true Account at all times of the juft Value of those Foreign Coins which are to be exchanged, as they are compared in Value with our English Coin. I fay, at all times, because the Par of Exchange (as the Merchants call it) differs almoft every Day from London to other Countries. That is, it rifes and falls, according as Money is plenty or fcarce; or according to the Time allowed for Payment of the Money in Exchange, &c. P Thofe Those that defire to be fully fatisfied in the common Values of Foreign Coins, Weights, Measures, &c. may find them in a Book called the Merchants Map of Commerce, which for Brevity fake I have omitted tranfcribing, and only collected thefe few of Coin. Note, The English generally reckon their Exchange with other Countries by Pence, viz. other Countries value their Crowns, Dollars, or Ducats, &c. by English Pence. Except with fome Parts of the Low Countries, with whom the Exchange is in Pounds Sterling. Quest. I. How many Dollars at 4 s. 6 d. per Dallar, may one have for 1627. 18s. Antwer 724 Dollars. Thus Thus 162 l. 18 s. = 3258 s. and 4 s. 6 d. 54 d. Then 54 1: 3258: 724 the Answer. Quest. 2. How many Saragoffa Ducats, of 5 s. 6 d. the Ducat, may be had for 275 Bergonia Ducats, at 4 s. 4 d. the Piece? Answer 216 and Thus 5 s. 6d. 66 d. and 4 s. 4 d. 52 d. = Queft. 3. A Traveller would change Money; for Venice Ducats at 4s. 9 Ducats muft he have? 35. 8 d. over. the Anfwer required. 233 l. 16 s. 8 d. Sterling d. per Ducat; How many Answer 976 Ducats. Thus 4 s. 9 d. 57,5 d. and 233 l. 16 s. 8 d. 56120 d. Then 57,5 d.) 56120 d. (976 the Answer required. Queft. 4. A Cathier hath received 759 Ducats, at 7 s. 6d. per Ducat; And 579 Dollars at 4 s. 8 d. per Dollar: Which he would exchange for Flemish Marks at 14 s. 3 d. per Piece: How many ought he to have? Answer 589 Marks, and 15 d. over. For 7 s. 6 d. 90 d. and 4 s. 8 d. = 56 d. Then 759 × 90=68310 d. the Value of the Ducats. 579 × 5632424 d. the Value of the Dollars. their Sum 100734 d. And 14 s. 3 d. 171 d. the Flemish Mark in Pence. = Confequently 171) 100734 (589 &c. the Anfwer required. Queft. 5. A Bill of Exchange was accepted at London for the Payment of 400 . Sterling, for the like Value delivered in Amfterdam, at 1 l. 13 s. 6 d. for 1 l. Sterling; How much Money was delivered at Amfterdam? Answer 670 1. Flemish. For 1 l. 240 d. and I l. 13 s. 6 d. — 402 d. Then 240 402 :: 400: 670 the Answer required. Queft. 6. When the Exchange from Antwerp to London is at Il. 4 s. 7 d. Flemish, for 11. Sterling; How many Pounds Sterling must be paid at London'; to ballance 2361. Flemish at Antwerp. Answer 1927. Sterling. Thus I l. 4 s. 7 d. 295 d. and I l. = 240 d. P 2 Queft. |