used to congregate, sitting and supporting Mottoes of the Brigade of Guards,' the their heads with their knots. Sounds of description of the antelope badge of the never-failing interest were the cries of the twelfth company of Grenadier Guards is men coming up from the docks : Six men slightly different from that given by your wanted," Eight men wanted," 'Ten men correspondent, in that it describes not only wanted." In Botolph Lane, facing my the collar and chain as golden, but also the uncle's and at the corner of St. George's horns, hair, and hoofs, and places the whole Lane, dwelt another merchant, Bower by on a green mount. In the records of the name. My relative, Mr. Wrightson, has regiment the antelope is simply described been dead for some years, but has left as "a badge of Henry VI.," without any numerous descendants. qualification. Belle Vue, Bengeo. MATILDA POLLARD. In reply to MR. REGINALD JACOBS'S inquiry in your issue of 13 Dec., the sources are many. Lay Subsidies give lists of inhabitants. The Churchwardens' Account Books and the Vestry Minutes of the several parishes at the Guildhall furnish most detailed information. At Lambeth Library is a Tithe Roll of the reign of James I. The wills of John Cudworth (43 Dycer, P.C.C.) and of his descendants, as well as their litigation amongst themselves, furnish useful facts. I have probably some hundreds of items of interest relative to the streets named, and derived from these sources. J. C. WHITEBROOK. 24, Old Square, Lincoln's Inn. I might mention that the Royal Warwickshire Regiment has two other badges besides the antelope. The ancient badge of the Warwickshire Militia, "Old Neville's crest, viz., the rampant bear chained to the ragged staff," in silver, is worn on the tunic collars, but this has only been worn by the line battalions since the adoption of the territorial system. The most ancient badge of all, I believe, as far as this regiment is concerned, is borne in the second, third, and fourth quarters of the regimental colours. viz.: "The Emblem of England -the rose and crown, the rose displayed with stalk and leaves, unlike the Tudor rose, and with the crown over. This appears to have been borne by the six "Holland" regiments-English regiments in Dutch pay in 1673-4. It has always the 5th (Northumberland Fusiliers) and the 6th (Royal Warwickshire). G. YARROW BALDOCK, Major. Fish Street Hill. -Pepys's 'Diary, 22 Dec., been borne by the two surviving corps 1660: Went to the Sun Taverne on Fish St. Hill to a dinner of Captain Teddiman's......where we had a very fine dinner, good musique, and a great deal of wine. I very merry. Went to bed: my head aching all night." Pudding Lane.-Ibid., Sunday, 2 Sept., 1666: REGIMENTAL BADGE OF THE 6TH FOOT (11 S. ix. 8). With regard to the antelope badge and the tradition of its Moorish origin, Chichester and Burges-Short, in their Records and Badges of the British Army' (1895), say:— "The historian Cannon admits that there is no record in point, and it is quite possible that the antelope-an ancient royal badge and in Henry VI.'s reign one of the supporters of royal arms-was assigned to the regiment, then [1710] or previously, as a distinguishing badge, as it had been to one of the companies of the 1st Foot Guards by which it is also borne." In an Appendix to the Records and Badges,' giving A Complete List of the Badges and South Hackney. In answer to ANTELOPE, I find in Major Archer's book on 'The British Army: its Regimental Records, Badges, &c.,' that there is no record to account for the origin of the antelope as the badge of the 6th Regiment, and it is quite impossible to say when the antelope (an ancient royal badge, and in Henry VI.'s reign one of the supporters of the royal arms) was assigned to the regiment. Some argue that it was the device on a flag captured at Saragossa in 1710. In a warrant by George II., 1 July, 1751, the antelope is referred to as being the ancient badge of the regiment.' A. GWYTHER. DICKENS IN LONDON (11 S. ix. 9).-Probably the book about which MR. ARDAGH inquires is Charles Dickens,' by George It is not dated, but was Augustus Sala. published, no doubt in 1870, by George Routledge & Sons, who, according to the Preface, had asked Sala to consent to the republication of an essay which he had written in The Daily Telegraph on the day following Dickens's death. The book is ROBERT PIERPOINT. Dryden's London brings us also to Evelyn and Pepys. The poet's chief residence, and the one in Gerrard Street, Soho. Dryden was one of its to which his name is most closely attached, was earliest inhabitants, living at No. 43 until his death on the 1st of May, 1700. This historic house was for a time tenanted by Messrs. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., who published an illustrated booklet, written by Mr. H. B. Wheatley, entitled Gerrard Street and its Neighbourhood.' The Addison period shows that a literary reading public was for the first time beginning to develope: "The ultimate result of this widen and MR. T. W. TYRRELL also thanked for replies.]ing attention to literature was to be an enor[SIR. WILLOUGHBY MAYCOCK, MR. JOHN T. PAGE, Notes on Books. London in English Literature. By Percy H. Boynton. (Published in the United Kingdom by The Cambridge University Press, London, as Agents for the University of Chicago Press.) WE must confess to a great liking for this book which Mr. Boynton puts forth so modestly. He says at once : It is not addressed primarily to scholars. It has been written for students and readers who enjoy literature the better as they more clearly understand the original setting. Nothing is included in the volume which cannot easily be traced by reference to standard works on London and obvious sources in literature.' He then suggests that "perhaps some student will be beguiled to complete on an ample scale a book for which the present volume hardly more than suggests a working method." Despite our author's almost excessive inclination to depreciate the value of his work, it is evident that it has been pleasing to him, so that he seems to have forgotten the labour he has gone through in order to compress so much into three hundred and fifty pages, which include an excellent Index. Readers would require to wade through many volumes to obtain the information to be found here. The arrangement of the sections is good. First we have Chaucer's London, a full-fledged city with a long history behind it," to be followed by a description of London in the time of Shakespeare, showing the changes which had taken place during the two hundred years that had passed. London had considerably more than doubled in population, having risen from about 40,000 to 100,000. The old wall was still preserved in its integrity, but a large amount of building had been done outside it. The Thames in Shakespeare's day was a splendid stream, of which one can get a fair idea from the drawings of Visscher and Hollar. It was a subject on which Elizabeth loved to dwell, the fairness of the water, the abundance of the fish, and the beauty of the myriads of swans who floated upon it appealing to every eye." The next section is devoted to Milton's London. As is well known, Milton lived in no fewer than eleven houses. On the occasion of the Great Plague Milton escaped by taking refuge at Chalfont St. Giles. During his stay there he completed Paradise Lost,' and began 'Paradise Regained'; but London seemed to draw him, and he returned before the Fire. Yet he was spared immediate loss from this by the situation of his residence in Artillery Walk, Bunhill Fields. mously important one, for in the course of a hundred years this public was to provide such a consistent market for decent literary effort that the old literary patron was to be quite superseded." Literary discussions led to the further increase of the number of coffee-houses. broadsides there appeared The Women's Petition Among against Coffee,' a protest asserting that "coffeedrinking encouraged idling and talkativeness, and led men to trifle away their time, scald their chops, and spend their money, all for a little base, black, thick, nasty, bitter, stinking, nauseous puddle water.' After a talk about Johnson's London we come to Dickens's London and Victorian London, closing with the London of the present day, with "the dust of the centuries drifted round it, gradually raising the ground level so that the records of the past are packed in layers beneath the pavements of to-day." It is like an old parchment, which has been written on and erased, recovered with script and re-erased, until what exists to-day shows beneath the latest superficial transcript microscopic traces of all the romantic stories written on it since the hour when it first lay immaculate beneath the pen of the mediæval cleric." At the end of each period Mr. Boynton gives In addition to these, there is an appendix of novels. a short bibliography of works dealing with it. The book is full of illustrations, including London Bridge (from Hollar's view, 1647), eight old gates sacrificed to make way for traffic, St. Paul's Cross in 1621, coffee-house interiors, Trafalgar Square, and the old Houses of Parliament. John Evelyn in Naples, 1645. Edited by H. Maynard Smith. (Oxford, Blackwell.) IT is with no slight pleasure that we commend this unpretentious, but delightful and scholarly booklet to the notice of intending visitors to Naples. It embodies well a happy idea. That part of Evelyn's 'Diary' which is concerned with Naples and its environs is set out in fifteen sections, each followed by its own group of careful and pithy notes. Many of these contain illustrative quotations from, and references to, the works of other English travellers of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, of thirteen of whom there is given, by way of introduction, a short account, which specifies also the edition of their several works here used by the editor. While these form perhaps the most characteristic, they are by no means the only sources of informa tion drawn upon, as the useful list of authorities at the end of the book itself sufficiently attests. Somewhat out-of-the-way facts of historical and antiquarian interest, succinctly but pleasantly told, it. A word of praise is well deserved also by the get-up and printing of this little volume. Obituary. WILLIAM EDWARD ARMITAGE AXON, F.R.S.L. We owe the following notice of a correspondent, whose death we much regret to learn, to the pen of MR. ARCHIBALD SPARKE, the Chief Librarian of the Bolton Public Libraries : "W. E. A. Axon was born in Manchester in 1846, and died there on Saturday, 27 Dec., 1913. When he was fifteen he entered the Public Library Department of that city as an assistant, serving part of his apprenticeship under Dr. Crestadoro. His duties there were conducive to the assimilation of much information, especially relating to his native town and county, its history and antiquities. Mr. Axon became in time a SubLibrarian and retained that position until 1874, when he resigned in order to become secretary to a commercial company; but, evidently finding the work not to his liking, he subsequently the staff of The became Office Librarian on Manchester Guardian, an appointment which he held until 1995. Here he had scope for his manysided activities, and contributed a number of well; informed articles to the Encyclopædia Britannica' and other English and American collective works, such as the Dictionary of National Biography." He edited many valuable books, amongst which mention must be made of Caxton's 'Game and Playe of the Chesse,' 1883, and The Annals of Manchester, 1886; he published Lancashire Gleanings in 1883, and Cheshire Gleanings' in 1884. These three latter works form a huge storehouse of the folklore and antiquities of Lancashire and Cheshire. In 1907 he published Cobden as a Citizen,' which contained a facsimile of Cobden's pamphlet, Incorporate your Borough.' He was a considerable worker for the Chetham Society, the Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian and Record Societies, and the Manchester Literary Club Transactions, and contributed extensively to N. & Q.' He was an accomplished linguist, and conversant with some Oriental and European languages. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 1868, received the honorary degree of LL.D. from the Wilberforce University of America in 1899, and the Master of Arts degree of Victoria University was conferred on him on 27 October, during his last illness. On his being presented to the Vice-Chancellor, it was said of him that alike in the literary and social activities of this community he has played a notable GILLAN VASE'S A GREAT MYSTERY SOLVED (11 S. viii. 500).-MR. J. D. HAMILTON is thanked for calling attention to the fact that this is not a new book, as our notice might seem to imply. It was published in three volumes by Remington in 1878. Messrs. Sampson Low, Marston & Co. courteously inform us that, in sending advance copies in sheets of the present work to booksellers and libraries, as well as when sending copies for review, they stated that the original work was issued over thirty years ago; that to republish it as it then appeared would have been undesirable, but that it has been carefully edited by Mr. Shirley B. Jevous, who has cut out all characters that were original story. not introduced by Charles Dickens himself in the Unfortunately, by some mischance, this letter does not appear to have been included in the copy we received. Messrs. Low inform us that very few copies were issued of the original edition. These are so much in demand by Dickensians that the market value of a copy approximates to that of a copy of a first edition of a work by Dickens himself. MR. GEORGE POTTER (296, Archway Road, N.), under date 3 Jan., writes: "In the Transactions of the London and Middlesex Archeological Society, New Series, vol. ii. part iv., just issued, Sir Edward Brabrook is made to say in his Presidential Address, p. 491: "Mr. Potter informs me that the staircase of Cromwell House, Highgate, with the figures on the newels, has been sold for 1,000l. and removed.' "I certainly never made any such statement, and I am pleased to add that I saw the staircase in its original position this morning. Long may it remain!" Notices to Correspondents. WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. nor can we advise correspondents as to the value of old books and other objects or as to the means of disposing of them. CORRESPONDENTS who send letters to be forwarded to other contributors should put on the top left-hand corner of their envelopes the number of the page of N. & Q.' to which their letters refer, so that the contributor may be readily identified. EDITORIAL Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries '"--Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publishers -at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. LADY LANGHAM, LADY ROYDS, MR. JESSON, and P. D. M.-Forwarded. LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 24, 1914. CONTENTS.-No. 213. NOTES:-Robert Baron, Author of 'Mirza,' 61-A Justification of King John, 63-Statues and Memorials in the British Isles, 65-Sale of Pitt House-Irish Family Histories, 66-"Memmian naphtha-pits" in Tennyson, 67. QUERIES:-"Bay" and "Tray "-"Tree-ball," 67-The Shepherdess of the Alps'-"Loveless as an Irishman "Old City Rate-Books-Old Pewter, 68-'The Autobiography of a Dissenting Minister-Thomas CockingHeraldry of Lichfield Cathedral-Anno Domini-Jan Weenix-The Duchess of Gordon's Recruiting Kiss, 69– Cherubini and the Military Salute-Trade Guilds as General Refuges Human Fat as a Medicine-"Maggs" -Biographical Information Wanted-Wickham, 70-The Guilds and their Critics-Jamaica: Stevens and Read Families-Shilleto—Mr. Dwight of the Treasury Office, 71. REPLIES:-The Wearing of Swords, 71-Greek Typography, 72-The Second Folio Shakespeare, 73-Jules Verne, 74-Parishes in Two or More Counties-Words and Phrases in Lorna Doone,' 75-Jeffreys Family of Dorset-The Wild Huntsman, 76-Ancient Views and Treatment of Insanity-Personal Names in India and in Iran, 77-Christmas Eve-Lost Portrait of George Washington-Gods in Egypt-Lists of Bishops and Deans in Cathedrals-"SS," 78. NOTES ON BOOKS:-The Oxford Dictionary -' The Edinburgh Review''The Antiquary.' The book is not dated. From having a dedication "To his Maiestie," Mr. Knight concluded it was not later than 1648, and the date attached to it in the printed Catalogue of the British Museum Library is 1647. It was clear to me that this was wrong, as the work contains verses by 'Jo. Quarles; Fell. of Pet. House Camb.," who became Ramsey Fellow of Peterhouse in 1650, and full Fellow not till 1653, and on p. 108 (180) refers to "our late King Charles." Was the book not issued, then, till 1660 ? One might have supposed so, but for a fact which has been noted by the British Museum authorities, and led them to alter the date of the play to 1655. The play, it seems, is included among the Commonwealth Tracts collected by Thomason, and Thomason has given the date when he received the book-5 May, 1655. It was entered on the Stationers' Register on 16 Aug. of the same year. The entry, which has been obligingly sent me from Stationers' Hall, runs as follows: Even The date of writing may have been rather earlier; we cannot, however, accept Schelling's conjecture that the play was, perhaps, written by 1642; nor Fleay's dogmatic statement that it was "written, but not acted," at Cambridge. It is true that the subject is that of Denham's play The Sophy,' which was printed in 1642 (though Baron he had completed three acts of his own says he never saw The Sophy' till tragedy). It is true also that he says he had the hint of the story from a manuscript of a letter of Sir Dodmore Cotton, sent about 1626 to a friend of his in Cambridge. if this implies, which is not evident, that Baron saw the letter during his undergraduate year at Cambridge, it does not follow that he began the play at that time, and internal evidence is much against it. We know the boyish, affected, amorous style of Baron's early compositions. Here we have a grave subject, gravely treated, in acknowledged imitation of Jonson's 'Catiline.' Baron speaks (p. 161) of "the matchless Johnson," and of "his Catiline (which miraculous Poem I propose as my pattern)." It is, therefore, less remarkable than Mr. Joseph Knight thought, that "Langbaine....anticipates Warton's assertion with regard to the resemblance between 'Mirza' and 'Catiline.'" Most of Mirza' is in blank verse. The introductory speeches of the first three acts are, however, in rimed lines, the sense of which is not confined within the couplet. The Choric Ode at the end of Act I. is in rimed octosyllabics; that at the end of Act II. in the In Memoriam' metre, used also by Lord Herbert of Cherbury in his poems not published till ten years later; that at the end of Act III. (in iambic lines alternately of 8 and 11 syllables, alternately riming) will be quoted lower. Act IV. contains a song in octosyllabic rimed couplets, and closes with an Ode in iambic lines, alternately of 8 and 4 syllables, alternately riming. Act V. opens with a funeral and a Funerall Elegie sung to the Harp' in heptasyllabic verse, ("Grief and Horror seize on all," &c.). The play ends with a riming couplet and without a final Choric Ode. The tragedy is followed by a hundred pages of notes, in which Baron cites his historical and philosophical authorities: Sandys, Knollys, Herbert, my friend Mr. Raymond in his Mercurio Italico (1648), and Browne's 'Pseudodoxia' and 'Religio Medici.' He criticizes (p. 207) "the late published English Translation" of the Alcoran (1649): "I cannot commend its faithful nesse. The subject of the tragedy evidently appealed to Baron from the analogy it presented with recent events in England. This is especially seen in the choric ode (p. 72) :What is it Heavens, you suffer here?...... 'Tis punishable to speak reason, Now reason and loyaltie are out of fashion, And Tyranny and Treason Have all the vogue in this besotted Nation. He that our great Palladium was, : No lesse our strength and bulwark, then our glory, A prey to rampant malice lies, Whose fall almost, the doers selves makes sorry. His innocent issue suffer too...... His noble friends...... Some to strickt bounds confined are, Some to remote; all judg'd without due tryall. Who, he says, will not be tempted to desert the down-trodden cause, when they see the prosperity of evil? So would it be, but that there are A wiser few, that know on high there sitteth O'th world, an upright Governour, And every thing is best that he permitteth. We know a punishment it be To evill to prosper, nor shall long endure, The wicked's false prosperitie, Though justice slowly moves, she striketh sure. Baron, according to the 'D.N.B.,' is chiefly to be remembered as a plagiarist of Milton; but are not these lines curiously anticipative of Milton in Samson Agonistes'? If Baron has little claim to be considered a poet, he is entitled to be treated with respect for the courage and sincerity with which in the darkest days he expressed his faith in his cause. His annotations to Mirza' show him as a man of wide reading and scholarly and lively mind. He had not forfeited the interest of his friends, which had been shown so clearly in his earlier books. Mirza has verses from John Hall, "M[ultæ] Spei Juveni, Rob. Baronio, Amico"; from Jo. Quarles, his old schoolfellow, Upon the incomparable Tragedy called Mirza written by my dear Friend" by Ro. Hills, Esq.," by " Jo. Cary, M.A.,' and " E. Mannyng," 66 Who'l number our best Playes aright First Cataline, then let him Mirza write. Quarles_ reads in the play the lesson which the author intends. Addressing Mirza, the tragic hero of the play, who fell a victim to the wiles of Ally-beg, he says:We mourn thy loss, admire thy worth, and grieve Our Isle a Mirz' and Allybeg can give. - Thus Text and Time doe sute, and whilst you tell Your Tale, wee 'l easily find a Parallell. One friend, whose name does not appear in Baron's book, his fellow-poet Henry Bold, wrote some lines on 'Mirza' (printed in Poems,' 1664, p. 196), in which he also saw the topical character of the piece, and something of the learning and spirit Jonson in its execution. To R. B. Esq; having Read his Mirza. of A Romance there, but a true story here. Given thee his blessing in a bowle of Wine But father Ben. I think was too much Poet, * What though of 's Gold th'ast got the Devil a bit, * Printed "I'ne." |