JOHN THURTELL'S FAMILY: "WIDOWS' which has three lions ramp., stand for a MEN," "DEAD MEN'S CLOATHES."-Can any deceased ancestor of paramount importNorwich reader help me with particulars concerning the following? 1. What was the education of John Thurtell previously to his being gazetted Second Lieutenant of Marines in May, 1809? Was he a day-boy at Norwich Grammar School? He seems, wherever educated, to have profited very little by his lessons, for when "confined he was in Hertford Gaol " he was capable of writing "I am oblidge.” 2. Where and when did his brothers Thomas and Henry die ? Had he more than one sister? Canon Jessopp wrote to The Athenæum in July, 1893, that two brothers of the murderer were prowling about Norwich " as late as 1873. Since then, I believe, some descendants of John Thurtell, senior, have emigrated to South Africa. 66 3. In the Muster Books of the ships Thurtell served on from June, 1809, to February, 1814, I find many seamen entered as "widows' men in lieu of names: I also find many seamen receiving an allowance for dead men's cloathes." What do these entries mean? 4. What has The Norwich Mercury to say in its issues for 8, 15, 22 Nov., 1823, and 3, 10, 17 Jan., 1824? These are not in the British Museum, but have been referred to in N. & Q.' or elsewhere. THE IDEN BRASS AT PENSHURST. Could any one help me to elucidate the heraldry of the brass to Paul Iden in Penshurst Church? He died 1514. In an early number of Walford's Antiquary, c. 1880, the writer says that one of the Iden impalements was that of Guilford; but this must be an error, as the arms indicated in the brass have the saltire engrailed, whereas the Guilford saltire is plain. I suggest that it stands for Beaufitz, and possibly indicates the widow of Sir John Scott (ob. 1485), who was Agnes Beaufitz. Then of the four surrounding shields, whom could the third (lower dexter) one indicate? and why does it stand alone, without any Iden attachment ? Is there any correlation between a deceased and the arrangement of arms round the brass? I can find nothing in books on the subject. Could the third shield aforesaid, ance? Paul Iden left a widow Anne, and an heiress who married Edward Shelley, ancestor of the poet, and The Antiquary paper was in reference to a supposed Guilford descent through Iden, which, as far as I know, has remained uncontradicted. W. L. KING. Wadesmill, War. GEORGE COTTERELL, BANKER, NAPLES. -Information is wanted respecting the above and the present whereabouts of any descendants. George Cotterell befriended Keats the poet when he arrived at Naples. in October, 1820, and it is in connexion with a Life of Keats that I am asked by a friend to make the above inquiry. Any information as to Cotterell's antecedents or descendants will be appreciated. HOWARD H. COTTERELL, en. lan. m. cccc. e. lviii. fu. fette. e. donnee. ceste. cloquee. par. Caterine. de. bernieules. demoiselle. du . nieuchastel. e. darquenies.ē. de. [ ] 66 The brackets denote a long word of some fourteen or fifteen letters, difficult to decipher, but which is something like "Bnincluingelen." Possibly also what I read as "Darquenies may be darquemes.' Can any of your readers throw any light on the inscription, or suggest who was Catherine de Bernieules? There is no local knowledge or tradition concerning the bell as far as I am aware. I take it to be a French or Flemish bell which has found its way to Lancashire. Its diameter is 27 in. F. H. C. OVER KENNETT, LANCASHIRE.-Will any one familiar with Lancashire kindly tell me where Over Kennett in the county of Lancs is to be found? It was the only address to a will proved in January, 1656. Any information that would be a guide to the parish to which it belongs I should be grateful for. Was there at that date a house at Lancaster of that name? Is there any tomb there to the memory of Thomas Robinson, who died December, 1655 ? and if so, has it any coat of arms or other indication of the family to which he belonged? F. C. B. HARRIET WILKES: MRS. ROUGH.-Does PRIOR FAMILY OF TEWKESBURY.-Behind any authentic portrait exist of this lady, the new organ in Tewkesbury is a monuin memory of who was a natural daughter of the famous mental inscription put up John Wilkes, and who married William several members of the Prior familyRough, barrister-at-law ? I want to repro- among others Henry Prior, died 1809, aged duce her picture in my forthcoming Life 91, and Henry Prior, died 1852, aged 100. of Wilkes. HORACE BLEACKLEY. Can any correspondent give me further particulars respecting this long-lived family? W. F. PRIDEAUX. Algeciras, Spain. WAYS OF BEING LOST: HINDU REFERENCE SOUGHT.-I have read somewhere in Hindu literature of the sixteen different I shall ways in which an object can be lost. be glad to learn where I may find the refer-1 ence; is it in the Ordinances of Manu? MARCH DUNNING. CURIOUS NAMES ON A COFFIN-PLATE.Can any reader of 'N. & Q.' tell me whether the following inscription on a lady's coffinplate denotes that she belonged to any particular sect or society ? "Dame Cleaoffia Cleopatria Clestalis Phillis Langham, relict of Sir James Langham, Bt., died November 19th, 1754, æt. 62 years." Her real name was Phillis ; she was sister to Isaac Ball of St. Anne's, Westminster, a necklace-maker, and wife of Sir James Langham, fifth Baronet, who died in 1749. She had no children by him, but a daughter Sarah, wife of John Johnson of St. George's parish in Middlesex, and a granddaughter Phillis Windsor tioned in her will, which is dated July, 1754. Not having seen it myself, I cannot tell whether it throws any light on her reasons for assuming these high-sounding names, and I shall be most grateful for any information about the inscription or her family. ETHEL LANGHAM. Tempo Manor, co. Fermanagh. are men Villa Paradis, Hyères (Var). 101, CESTRIENSIS set out the life of "This curious anecdote [of Milton repaying a sum of 501.] had appeared in The Wolverhampton Chronicle and Staffordshire Advertiser of March 31, 1790, Mr. Hartop being then living, and the letter [of Milton to Hartop] described as extant." Is the extract from The Wolverhampton Chronicle_known? and does it throw any light on Hartop's third marriage? In his petition to Cromwell on 9 Oct., 1654 (Brit. Mus. press-mark 669. f. 19 [20]), Thomas Philpot signs himself your sonin-law." Further particulars of this man can be gathered from Mercurius Aulicus for 13-20 March, 1654, and from his examination in 1660, to be found summarized in the Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, He must not be for 1660-61,' on p. 427. confounded with the other Thomas Philpot, or Philipot, of whom there is a Life in the 'D.N.B.' J. B. WILLIAMS. MOULE.-Will any of your readers be so kind as to help me in the following difficulty? I am anxious to establish the connecting link believed to exist between the family of Moule of Bedfordshire and one John Moule, who is known to have been living in Great Swan Alley, Coleman Street, in 1770, and before that in Aldgate. He married Elizabeth Parceval of Stockton-on-Tees; place and date of marriage unknown. Their son George Moule, born 1768, settled at MelksHe used arms ham in Wiltshire in 1790. identical with those of Moule of Bedfordshire, namely, Argent, a trefoil slipped sable between two bars gules, in chief three torteaux (see Edmondson's Body of Heraldry'), Crest: A cubit arm issuing out of clouds 6 proper, habited gules, cuff argent, the hand open and erect. Motto, "Droit et loyal." These arms are quartered with Blackett and Vanneck. The Blackett connexion is through Elizabeth Parceval, whose mother was Ann Blackett, heiress of her uncle Michael Blackett. Of the Vanneck connexion nothing is known. Any information about John Moule of Great Swan Alley, and any details as to his antecedents, or any information about the Moules of Bedfordshire, would be very gratefully received. MARGARET MOULE. 5, Walsingham Mansions, Fulham Road, S.W. 66 RAWHEAD AND "BLOODY-BONES."T. M. Kettle's 'The Open Secret in Ireland' contains the following expression :— 46 "For followers reared in the tradition of hysteria depicted above, no rawhead is thought too raw, and no bloody-bones too bloody." These words brought back to my mind the vague memory of a tale I heard, as a child, about some such persons as 66 Rawhead " and Bloody-bones." My only recollection of it is that it was a rather fearful one, and that it was told me by a woman whose childhood and youth had been spent in Derry. From the above mention of it in Kettle's book I should suspect it to be a fairly common tale in Ireland, particularly in the North. Can any of your readers give me further information on the matter? Wм. A. MCLAUGHLIN. Ann Arbor, Michigan. [Dr. Cobham Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable' says: "Rawhead and Bloody Bones.-A bogie at one time the terror of children. Servants awe children and keep them in subjection by telling them of Rawhead and Bloody-Bones' (Locke). The New English Dictionary,' 8.v. 'Raw-head,' carries the story much further back than Locke, the earliest quotation being from Wyll of Deuyll,' c. 1550: "Written by our faithful Secretaryes, Hobgoblin, Rawhed, & Bloody-bone."] · MARSACK.-At 7 S. xii. 409, 478, there are references to a certain Major Charles Marsack, who bought Caversham Park, Oxon, from the Earl of Cadogan (presumably) in or about the year 1787. This transaction is recorded in the Biog. Index of the House of Lords,' 1808, as follows:: 66 "In consequence of some unhappy connubial events the late Earl sold land, house, furniture, wine in the cellar, and, if we are to believe report, the very roast beef on the spit to Major Marsac [sic] As Caversham Park cost not less than for a sum of money one day before dinner.' 130,000l. to build (see Neale's 'Views,' 1824), the Major must have been a wealthy man to take over such a property I desire to find out who Major Charles Marsack, or Marsac, was, whence he came, and if he had any connexion with the French families of the same name. His career in the Indian Army is published in Dodswell and Miles's List,' 1834. G. J., F.S.A. BRUTTON.-Can any of the readers of N. & Q.' supply particulars concerning the family history of Col. Nicholas Brutton, who, it is stated, sold the LieutenantColoneley of he 11th Light Dragoons to the Earl of Cardigan for the record price of 17,500l.? F. W. R. GARNETT. Wellington Club, Grosvenor Place, S.W Replies. PIRATES: CAPT. WOODES ROGERS. (11 S. viii. 488.) 66 name as a CAPT. WOODES ROGERS came to the front owing to having achieved a successful pirate. In the early part of the eighteenth century the West Indian seas were infested with a horde of these outlaws, BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION WANTED.- the chief of whom was one Edward Teach, I should be glad to obtain any particulars commonly known as 'Blackbeard," whose concerning the following men who were head-quarters were at New Providence in educated at Westminster School: (1) the Bahama Islands; and there is little Blois, admitted Christmas, 1809, and left doubt that for a time Woodes Rogers was 1811; (2) C. H. Blount, at school in 1803; associated with him, and especially with one (3) Charles Henry Bloxam, born 15 Jan., of Blackbeard's comrades a certain Ben1812, admitted 13 Jan., 1824; (4) Fraser jamin Hornygold, who with Woodes Rogers Houstoun Bloxam, born 26 May, 1810, in 1717 sailed to the continent of America admitted 18 Jan., 1819; (5) George Frede- on a privateering expedition, which was rick Bloxam, born 20 Sept., 1813, admitted very successful. In that year, however, the 14 Jan., 1824; (6) Henry Boulton, ad- notorious Blackbeard had been attacked by mitted June, 1740, aged 13; (7) James Boulton, admitted 17 Jan., 1771; a small expedition sent by the Governor and of Virginia under Lieut. Maynard; after (8) Richard Bolton, admitted 11 Oct., 1786. a sanguinary encounter Blackbeard was G. F. R. B. killed, and those who survived of his crew captured, and most of them subsequently of South America, including the rescue of executed. Alexander Selkirk from the Isle of Juan Fernandez. In the following year pressure was put upon King George I. by the merchants of London and Liverpool to send a wellequipped expedition to the West Indies to deal thoroughly with the pirates, of whom a number still remained, and practically made government in the Bahamas impossible, though a royal charter had been granted by Charles II. to the Duke of Albemarle and five other distinguished Englishmen, and proprietary rights conceded to them. These Lords Proprietors, as they were termed, sent a Governor to represent them-the first, Capt. Johnson Wentworth, who assumed the position in 1671. Nothing much could be done, however, for between the pirates and the French and Spaniards civilized government was impossible. It would take up too much space to detail the failures of the various Governors who had been sent out by the Lords Proprietors between 1671 and 1704; suffice it to say that a Mr. Birch, who had been dispatched in the latter year, upon his arrival found New Providence destitute of inhabitants, and after camping in the woods for some days he returned to England. He The London and Liverpool merchants before mentioned prevailed upon the King to assume the responsibility of making an end of the pirates, and recommended Capt. Woodes Rogers to command an expedition, and also to govern the colony. The King followed this advice, and Woodes Rogers was duly commissioned to fill these offices. This selection was a complete success. wisely secured the co-operation of Hornygold, who had previously been pardoned, and with his assistance the principal remaining pirates were brought to justice, and eight of them executed on 12 Dec., 1718. This appears to have been the death-blow to piracy in the Bahamas, and a period of comparative peace was secured. Woodes Rogers remained as Governor for four years, and for the first time some progress was made in settled government. Greycliffe, Torquay. G. T. CARTER. "A British Privateer in the time of Queen Anne, being the Journal of Captain Woodes Rogers, Master Mariner, with notes, illustrations, and map by Robert C. Leslie." Published by Chapman & Hall. This book comprises the journal kept by Capt. Rogers during his voyage round the world in the ship the Duke, and gives a full account of his adventures on the west coast The Duke was a Bristol ship, fitted out by the merchants of that city, and no doubt sailed under letters of marque. Capt. Rogers, therefore, would probably have been greatly surprised to find himself classed as a pirate. DONALD GUNN. 63, St. James's Street, S. W. Cf. Charles Johnson, The History of Pirates (an eighteenth-century book); Henri Malo, 'Les Corsaires' (Paris, 1908); Gomer Williams, History of the Liverpool Privateers' (London, 1906); Alberto Guglilmotti, La Guerra dei Pirati e la Marina Pontificia del 1500 al 1560' (Firenze, 1876); and Mr. Statham's recently published book on some notorious pirates. L. L. K. The article on Woodes Rogers by Prof. Laughton in the 'Dict. Nat. Biog.' will, no doubt, supply the information wanted, though if more is required the following references may be of use. The best account of Woodes Rogers's famous voyage is in his, now scarce, Cruising Voyage round the World,' first published in 1712. A second edition was published in 1718 and reissued in 1726. Another account of this voyage, entitled A Voyage to the South Seas and round the World,' was written by Capt. Edward Cooke, and also published in 1712. Other accounts will be found in the following works: Allgemeine Historie der Reisen zu Wasser und 379. The World Display'd. Third Edition, 1771, Vol. vi. pp. 111-95. Histoire des Naufrages. Par M. D. 1789. Vol. iii. pp. 105-24 of Supplément aux Voyages Imaginaires,' par C. G. T. Garnier. The Voyage of Woodes Rogers. Arliss's Juvenile Library. 1820. Pp. 60. Bristollia: Outline of the Voyage of the Duke and Duchess Privateers, 1708-11. Bristol, 1849. Pp. 76. Life aboard a British Privateer in the time of Queen Anne: being the Journal of Captain Woodes Rogers. With notes by R. C. Leslie. 1889. New Edition, 1894. The following are biographical :Georgian Era. Vol. iii. p. 458. Heroes of Maritime Discovery. By W. H. D. Adams. Woodes Rogers, pp. 153-70. In addition to the references in 'N. & Q.' already given, notes will be found at 4 S. x. 107 and 9 S. i. 68. ROLAND AUSTIN. Gloucester THE WEARING OF SWORDS (11 S. viii. 410). To wear a sword is the sign of a gentleman. This explains the fact that footmen were forbidden to wear it. Upper servants, however, were reckoned as gentlemen, as in the common phrase "Gentlemen's gentlemen. They did not wear livery, but plain clothes, and were allowed to wear swords. In Lord Broughton's Life we read of a dinner at Devonshire House in the last century where out-of-livery servants with swords attended. Sydney Smith, writing to Archdeacon Singleton in 1839, makes fun of the "domestics of the prelacy with swords and bag-wigs at Lambeth Palace. To the present day the train-bearer to the Speaker always wears a sword. "Gentlemen of the Bed-Chamber, whereof the first is called Groom of the Stole, that is, according to the signification of the word in Greek, from whence, first the Latines, and thence the Italian and French derive it, Groom or Servant of the Robe or Vestment; He having the Office and Honour to present, and put on his Majesties First Garment or Shirt, every Morning, and to order the things of the Bed-Chamber." One of the duties of the Gentlemen of the Bed-Chamber was, "in the absence of the Groom of the Stole, to supply his place." The word "stole comes from the Greek στολή (equipment, robe, stole). See Skeat's and other dictionaries. In modern Greek the word has much the same meanings, plus uniform and livery (of servants). ROBERT PIERPOINT. I note that the "stole here mentioned has been variously interpreted as the liturgical stole worn by the King at his Coronation, the long robe or vestment worn by him on solemn occasions, and his Majesty's first garment every morning. I cannot help thinking that all these are afterthoughts, and that it really has to do with the apartment long known as the Stole (or Stool) Chamber, the evidence for which is abundant, as will appear in Mr. St. John Hope's great book on Windsor Castle, to , 66 H. GLASGOW CROSS AND DEFOE'S 'TOUR' (11 S. viii. 349, 416, 492).—I have a copy of the first edition of the Tour by a Gentleman"; vol. i., 1724; vol. ii., 1725; vol. iii., 1727, "which completes the work and contains a tour thro' Scotland | with a map of Scotland by Mr. Moll.” This has no separate title, but is separately paged. The words" in the centre stands the cross do not occur in this edition. After the words are so large of themselves " the paragraph continues, as you come down from the hill," &c. J. F. R. Godalming. 66 66 66 a great favourite of the nobility and gentry, who spent much of his time about London, and was counted the best bowler (player of bowls) in all England." PEPYS QUERY (11 S. viii. 489).-On Sunday morning, 2 Sept., 1666, Mr. Pepys walked to the Tower, "and there got up upon one of the high places"; and "there I did see the houses at that end of the bridge all on fire, and an infinite great fire on this and the other side the end of the bridge; which, among other people, did trouble me for," &c. "Poor little Michell" was the younger son of Thos. Michell, bookseller, of Westminster Hall. He had married Betty Howlett, |