of the town, except those for high-treason, are tried. It is a populous flourishing place, consisting chiefly of two long broad streets, with a market-house in the centre, built in 1574. Its acient church was repaired in 1754, at the expense of £2300; it was originally built in the reign of Edward II. It is in the form of a cross; the walls are of flint, quoined with stone from Caen. The inside of the church is handsome, and well worthy of observation; it had origially a square castellated tower in the middle, but that was taken down in 1755. Before the Reformation there were several altars in various parts of the church. Many ancient mural moments, and several of brass let into the floor, soll remain. It has a free grammar school, built and endowed by queen Elizabeth in 1582; and two charity schools. It is a member of the anque-port of Dover, and has a manufactory of powder. The town was considerably improved in 1773, when a spacious avenue was pened from the London road into Preston Sreet, and a bridge was erected over the stream the bottom of West Street: in 1789 an act passed for paving, watching, and lighting, the place. The markets, on Saturday and Wedesday, are well supplied with provision, and cewell attended by the London dealers, who by large quantities of the oysters caught on the ast. The Dutch also in time of peace, it is sed, carry home as many oysters as amount to above £2000 a year. The fishermen admit none their freedom but married men. It is nine ples west of Canterbury, and forty-seven east of Ladon.

FEUILLAGE, n.s. French. A bunch or

w of leaves.

oval.

Of Homer's head I inclose the outline, that you may determine whether you would have it so large, Reduced to make room for feuillage or laurel round Jervas to Pope. FEVILLEA, in botany, a genus of the penadria order and diœcia class of plants; natuorder thirty-fourth, cucurbitaceæ. The male L and COR. quinquefid; stamina five; nectaam consisting of five filaments closing together: ale CAL. quinquefid; styles three; FRUIT, a bard trilocular apple with a hard bark. Species , of the East and West Indies, both climbng plants.

FEUILLE'E (Lewis), a celebrated French natupist and mathematician, of the religious order of Vaims. He was a native of Provence, and sent Louis XIV., in early life, to South America to Bake researches in natural history and philosophy, be result of which appeared in his Journal des servations Physiques, Mathematiques, et Boiques, faites sur les Côtes Orientales de l'Ameque Meridionale, et dans les Indes Occiden, 1714, 2 vols. 4to. In 1724 he was emayed, on the recommendation of the Academy Sciences, in an expedition to the Canary Islands, to ascertain the position of the medan of Ferro; a task he performed in a rey able manner. He was rewarded with the est of botanist to the king, and a pension. He Ad in 1732, at Marseilles, where an astronoal observatory had been built for him. In the al library at Paris are preserved, in MS., a

Journal of his Voyage to the Canaries, and a collection of corresponding drawings in natural history.

FEUILLEMORT, n. s. French. The color of a faded leaf, corrupted commonly to phile

mot.

So to make a countryman understand what 'feuillemorte' colour significs, it may suffice to tell him, it is the colour of withered leaves falling in autumn. Locke.

FEVRE (Claud le), an eminent French painter, born at Fontainbleau in 1633. He studied first in the palace, and afterwards at Paris under Le Sueur and Le Brun; the latter of whom advised him to adhere to portraits, for which he had a particular talent, and in his style equalled the best masters of that country. He died in England in 1675, aged forty-two.

FEVRE (Nicolas le), or Nicolaus Faber, was born at Paris, June 2nd, 1544. During the course of his studies a singular misfortune happened to him. In cutting a pen, a piece of the quill flew into his eye, and gave him such exquisite pain, that hastily lifting up his hand, he thrust the knife into his eye and cut it out. After acquiring the languages, he studied the civil law at Toulouse, Padua, and Bologna. He travelled through Italy, and spent eighteen months at Rome. In 1587 he published Seneca, with a learned preface and notes; and detected the defect in Scaliger's demonstration of the Quadrature of the Circle. He also wrote on ecclesiastical antiquities, and drew up a preface to the fragments of St. Hilary. He was appointed preceptor to the prince of Conde, by Henry the Great; after whose death, the queen dowager made him preceptor to Louis XII. He died in 1611; and his works were collected by his friend, John le Begue, and printed at Paris in

1614.

FEVRE (Tannegui le), an excellent scholar in Greek and Roman learning, born at Caen in Normandy, in 1615. Cardinal Richelieu gave him a pension of 2000 livres to inspect all the works published at the Louvre, and designed to have made him principal of a college he was about to erect at Richelieu. But the cardinal's death cut off his hopes; and his pension was ill paid. Some time after, the marquis de Franciere, governor of Langres, took him with him to his government, where he embraced the Protestant religion; after which he was invited to Saumur, where he was chosen Greek professor. He there taught with extraordinary reputation. Young men were sent to him from all the provinces in the kingdom, and even from foreign countries, while divines and professors themselves gloried in attending his lectures. He was preparing to go to Heidelberg, whither he was invited by the prince Palatine, when he died, aged fifty-seven. He wrote Notes on Anacreon, Lucretius, Longinus, Phædrus, Justin, Terence, Virgil, Horace, Elian, Eutropius, Aurelius Victor, Dionysius, &c. A short account of the lives of the Greek poets. Two volumes of letters; and many other works. He left a son, and two daughters, one of whom was the celebrated Madame Dacier. In his Latin works he assumed the name of Tanaquil Faber.

Give every man thine ear, but few thy voice; Take each man's censure, but reserve thy judgment. Shakspeare. Fewness and truth, 'tis thus. Id. Many hands draw the cable with more violence than few. Bp. Hall. No more shall be added in this place, his memory deserving a particular celebration, than that his learning, piety, and virtue, have been attained by few. Clarendon.

So having said, he thus to Eve in few: Say, woman, what is this which thou hast done? Milton. So much the thirst of honour fires the blood; So many would be great, so few be good; For who would virtue for herself regard, Or wed without the portion of reward? Dryden. On Winter seas we fewer storms behold, Than foul diseases that infect the fold.

Id.

These, by reason of their fewness, I could not dis

tinguish from the numbers with whom they are embodied. Id.

The impartial lovers and searchers of truth are a great deal fewer than one could wish or imagine.

Id.

Locke. Thus Jupiter in few unfolds the charge. Dryden. The firm resolve I here in few disclose. Pope. The fewer still you name, you wound the more; Bond is but one, but Harpax is a score. Party is the madness of many, for the gain of a few. Swift. An experiment very frequent among modern authors, is to write upon nothing: when the subject is utterly exhausted, to let the pen still move on; by some called the ghost of wit, delighting to talk after the death of its body. And to say the truth, there

seems to be no part of knowledge in fewer hands,

than that of discerning when to have done. Id.

The imagination of a poet is a thing so nice and delicate, that it is no easy matter to find out images capable of giving pleasure to one of the few, who, in any age, have come up to that character.

Berkley to Pope. Man's rich with little, were his judgment true; Nature is frugal, and her wants are few: Those few wants answered, bring sincere delights; But fools create themselves new appetites.

Young. Ralph did it justice, remarking a few imperfections, and applauding such parts as were excellent.

Franklin.

Such muddy deep ditches and pits in the field, That all a dry Summer no water will yield, By feying and casting that mud upon heaps, Commodities many the husbandman reaps. Tusser.

FEYJOO Y MONTENEGRO (Bened. Jerome), a Spanish Benedictine and writer of the last century. He has been sometimes styled the Spanish Addison. His principal works are Teatro Critico Universal, 14 vols. 4to., Madrid 1733, and his Cartas eruditas y curiosas; both works of great merit, and liberality of sentiment. Divinity, law, medicine, and philosophy, occupy his attention; and the superstitions of his church are animadverted on with considerable freedom. He died in 1765. An edition of his works was published in 1778, 15 vols. 4to.; and a selection from his Essays and Discourses appeared, in an English translation, 1780, 4 vols., 8vo.

FEZ, an extensive kingdom of West Barbary, Africa, now united with the empire of MOROCCO, which see; of which it forms the most valuable part. It is bordered by the chain of the Greater, and crossed by the Lesser Atlas, extending from the former to the sea, which it touches at Tetuan. The climate on the north of Mount Atlas is greatly modified by that range on the one hand, and the Mediterranean on the other. It differs, therefore, but little from that of southern Europe, either in its temperature or salubrity. The heat in some places, however, is occasionally very great. Ali Bey says that, in the beginning of June, it exceeded 90° of Fahrenheit, in his tent, a little north-east of Fez. The valleys of this region are luxuriantly fruitful: it is divided into nine provinces, Shavoya, Temsena, Fez Proper, Beni-hassen, Garb, Shaus, Rif, Tedla, and Garet.

The principal rivers are the Mulluvia, the Lucos (Lixus of the ancients), the Suboe, and the river of Sallee. The principal towns are Fez, Mequinez, Melilla, Ceuta, Tangier, Larache, Mamora, The statistics, government, and commerce of this region, are the same in almost every respect as in MOROCCO, and will be found under that article.

and Sallee.

FEZ PROPER, a fertile province of the above country, situated between the range of Atlas and the province of Beni-hassen. It consists of one entire plain, surrounded by ranges of hills, also capable of the highest cultivation. To the east it has extensive dependencies.

FEZ. a city of Morocco, the capital of the kingdom of that name, situated near the bottom of a funnel-shaped valley, the surrounding hills of which are covered with woods and orchards.

They surround it, indeed, on all sides except the arth and north-east. It consists of the Old and New town, the latter of which is almost entirely ilt on the heights which encompass the other. It is chiefly inhabited by Jews. Chenier, though le thinks the description of Leo exaggerated, dmits that Fez is one of the most agreeable thes in the empire. The finest edifice is the Dosque of Carubin, built during the most fourishing period of Fez, and described by Leo aa mile and a half in circumference. Europeans, however, are not permitted to see it. The ay contains 200 caravanseras, or inns, called Dodaques, which are tolerably convenient. They are two or three stories high, with galleries wards the court, which is always in the centre and admits light into the apartments. The traTaler, however, is not supplied with provisions, even bedding. His whole accommodation is om and a mat. The streets generally are and dirty, and so narrow in some parts that persons can scarcely ride abreast. Several the buildings that face the streets are dilapiBad, and some of them propped up. The shops are little better than mere stalls, where te sedentary occupant sits surrounded by baset, to which he points his customers as they ser. The markets, however, are immensely cowded, as there is no other place in that part the country that deserves the name of a town; the Arabs of the surrounding re-ions resort ther to purchase all the foreign and manufacred articles their domestic babits require, or Seir means afford. Fez and Morocco are also bat marts for the Soudan trade; the former has

Zout 200 caravanseras.

Old Fez was founded towards the close of the 4th century, by Edris, a Barbary farmer; and soon became the capital of all the western locco states. In the twelfth century Leo anus describes it as containing 700 temples ad mosques, of which fifty were magnificent, ad adorned with marble pillars. Such was the eration in which it was held, that, when the to Mecca was occasionally shut up, pilages were made to Fez. It was no less fas as a school of learning. Its numerous ols for philosophy, physic, and astronomy, resorted to from all the Mahommedan doms of Spain and Africa, and even ataded by Christians. The population was also rasionally replenished from the opposite shores Europe, during the whole period of the orish war with Spain. The remains of its inations still exist, but most that was valuable long since vanished.

The studies are confined to the Koran and ts amentators, to a slight tincture of grammar ad logic, and to clumsy astronomical observa, made solely with a view to regulate the time their religious exercises. They have Euclid in Volumes, neither copied nor read. The Father sits crosslegged on the ground, and repeats a drawling tone, between singing and crying, rds which are echoed by the scholars seated and him. Their religious prejudices exclude tem from the study of anatomy and medicine. Bey describes Fez as a singular mixture of endor and ruin. The magnificence usual in

Mahommedan countries is displayed solely in the interior, where spacious courts are found, and the apartments are decorated with paintings, arabesques, and often with gold and silver, while the walls of the houses, next the street, are built of mud, and in many places cracked and falling. He states the population at 100,000, and it was double this amount till reduced by a late plague. Mr. Jackson, from the public documents to which he had access, makes it 380,000. It is 230 miles north-east of Morocco.

FEZZAN, a considerable country in the northeast part of Central Africa, to the south of Barbary, forms a sort of island in the midst of that immense desert of sand which reaches as far as the Niger. It is tributary to the dey of Tripoli, from which its nearest part is about 250 miles south-east. Its northern extremity, at the well of Bonjem, is in lat. 30° 35′, and its southern limit at Tegerry in lat. 24° 4′ N. Its length is therefore about 450 miles. On the north-east it is bounded by the White Mountains of Harutz. This country was known to the ancients under the title of the Phazania Regio, and the country of the Garamantes; Garama, its ancient capital, has been recognised by major Rennell in the modern Germa. The name of Fasan, or Fezzan, seems to have been imposed by the Saracens, when they overran this with all the rest of northern Africa, and established the Mahommedan faith here.

Though, compared with the surrounding districts, Fezzan is tolerably fertile, the want of water precludes almost every kind of steady cultivation: there are only three springs in the whole of this vast tract. Water is sometimes found in beds of clay, in some places at ten or twelve feet below the surface. Trees of the mimosa species, called talh, are occasionally seen, and near the towns a scanty stock of palms appears, with a few esculent vegetables. Small patches of grain are sometimes raised with great labor and care; but the trouble of keeping the soil moist causes the largest of these patches not to exceed an acre. The water is drawn by asses from the wells, by very complicated machinery, and small channels are cut from the reservoirs to the gardens. Nearly all the water of Fezzan is brackish. Wheat and barley are sown in October and November, and reaped in March and April, and until the last month the crops require watering twice a week. The principal vegetable products are-Indian corn, wheat, barley, beans. and peas, with some small seeds. A species of clover is sown in January and February, and will bear cutting repeatedly, as food for the horses and camels, till November. In such a country few domestic animals of course can be kept. The camel, best adapted to its wants, is therefore the most numerous. Horses, asses, cows, sheep, and goats are scarce, and only a very few dogs of the greyhound species are seen. The wild animals include the tiger-cat, the hyæna, fox, jackal, buffalo, antelope, gerboa, rabbits, and hares. Among the birds are the ostrich, eagle, vulture, hawk, wild turkey, and raven, with several smaller birds, besides domestic fowls, partridges, pigeons, ducks, and geese. The chief mineral productions are similar to those of many other