HONOURS. INSTRUCTIONS. Read the General Instructions on pages 3 and 4. You are not permitted to attempt more than four questions. NOTE.-No Candidate will be credited with a success in this examination who has not obtained a success in an examination corresponding to Stage 3 of the same subject (ie., in Honours, or Honours Part I., under previous regulations). 51. Describe shortly the chief types of the Ammonoidea which have successively arisen since the earliest appearance of this group in the rocks of the Earth's Crust. (100) 52. State the systematic position and the range in time of the following genera :-Aviculopecten, Baculites, Diceras, Fusulina, Heliolites, Koninckia, Mantellia, Osteolepis, (100) 53. Give an account of the nature and contents of the deposits at Moel Tryfaen, and of the discussions which have taken place as to their mode of origin. (100) 54. Describe the series of observations by which it has been shown, from the study of the raised beaches around the great lakes of North America, that "warping of the Earth's Crust" has taken place. (100) 55. Give a detailed account of the beds and fossils of one of the following formations :— (a.) The Bala Beds of North Wales. (b.) The Chalk (with its several Zones) in the SouthEast of England. (c.) The Coralline Crag of Suffolk. (100) 56. Describe the actions by which the apparent unconformities in the strata of the North-West Highlands have been produced, illustrating your remarks by sections. (100) U 33610. L SUBJECT XIII. MINERALOGY. Stage 1. Before commencing your work, you must carefully read the following instructions: You are permitted to answer six questions in all, of which Question 10 must be one. Put the number of the question before your answer. You are to confine your answers strictly to the questions proposed. The value attached to each question is shown in brackets after the question. The examination in this subject lasts for three hours. 1. Draw a crystal of fluorspar consisting of a cube with its edges modified by faces of the rhomb-dodecahedron. (14) 2. Why is it not safe to test a diamond by placing it on an anvil and striking it with a hammer? (14) 3. State the chief kinds of "Lustre " presented by minerals, illustrating each by two examples of minerals. (14) 4. Why are the garnets said to constitute an "isomorphous group"? How does the isomorphism of calcite, dolomite and chalybite differ from the isomorphism of the garnets? (14) 5. State the chemical composition and crystalline form of each of the minerals which is an oxide of iron (anhydrous or hydrous). (14) 6. Explain the terms "Asbestiform," Stalactitic, "Radiated" and "Geode," stating how you suppose that each of these structures has originated. (14) 7. Give an account of physical characters of the mineral species consisting of pure carbon. (14) 8. Quartz is found assuming the outward form of fluorspar crystals. In what different ways can you account for such a result having been brought about? (14) 9. State what you know concerning the chief minerals employed as ores of nickel. (14) 10. Name the three specimens placed before you; give the chemical composition of each, and the system in which it crystallises. Also make a qualitative blowpipe-analysis of each of the two powdered minerals supplied to you. State your results clearly; if any chemical symbols or abbreviations are used, write them distinctly. (30) SUBJECT XIII. MINERALOGY. Stage 2, Stage 3, and Honours. Before commencing your work, you must carefully read the following instructions:You may take Stage 2 or Stage 3, or, if eligible, Honours, in accordance with the application which has been made, but you must confine yourself to one of them. Put the number of the question before your answer. You are to confine your answers strictly to the questions proposed. The value attached to each question is shown in brackets after the question.. The examination in this subject lasts for three hours. Stage 2. Read the General Instructions on pages 3 and 4. You are not permitted to answer more than six questions. Questions 25 and 26 must be attempted. Two, but not more than two, questions may be taken from Series II. SERIES I. 21. Draw any simple form of Felspar crystal with which you are acquainted, indicating the faces which are exhibited by it. (28) 22. State the nature, composition, density and mode of use of the chief liquids which may be employed in separating minerals according to their specific gravities for the purpose of analysis. (28) 23. Describe the construction, the mode of action and the various uses of a "Nicol" (Nicol's prism). (28) 24. Give an account of some case with which you are acquainted, in which, as a consequence of multiple twinning, crystals of one system come to simulate those of a totally different system. (28) 25. Describe the three models placed before you, giving a sketch of each to show which axis you place in an upright position. In each case name a mineral that crystallises in the form shown. (28) 26. Name the three specimens placed before you; give the chemical composition of each, and the system in which it crystallises. Also make a qualitative blowpipe-analysis of each of the two powdered minerals supplied to you. Tabulate the results, stating how each was obtained; if any chemical symbols or abbreviations are used, write them distinctly. (60) 27. State what you know concerning the minerals Leucite and Analcime-especially noting their resemblances and differences, and their modes of occurrence. (28) 28. Compare the three minerals composed respectively of Calcium Sulphate, Barium Sulphate and Strontium Sulphate, with respect to their crystallisation, physical properties and modes of occurrence. (28) 29. What are the chief mineral species containing the element Mercury? Give an account of their physical and chemical characters. SERIES II. (28) 30.. Describe the nature, mode of occurrence and uses in the arts of the mineral Muscovite. (28) 31. Give an account of the chief mineral species which constitute ores of copper. (28) 32. State what you know concerning the nature, modes of occurrence and uses of Graphite. (28) Stage 3. INSTRUCTIONS. Read the General Instructions on pages 3 and 4. You are permitted to answer only six questions in all, of which Question 48 must be one. 41. What is a Stauroscope? On what optical principle does the use of the stauroscope depend? (40) 42. How would you prove from the examination of a plate cut at right angles to its principal axis, that an apparently simple crystal of quartz is really built up of parallel intergrowths of right- and left-handed quartz? (40) 43. What are the characters upon which you would rely in deciding that a crystal placed before you is a pseudomorph? You may assume that the specimen may be broken and subjected to any treatment you consider necessary. (40) 44. State what you know concerning the goniometric measurement of crystals belonging to an isomorphous group. (40) 45. Describe the chief conditions in which gold occurs in nature. (40) 46. How have the nature and composition of the liquids and gases occurring in the cavities of crystals been determined? (40) 47. Describe the mineral which constitutes the chief source of Chromium, and give an account of its modes of occurrence. What other minerals contain this element, and what are their distinctive characters ? (40) 48. Name the four specimens placed before you; give the chemical composition of each, and the system in which it crystallises. Also make a qualitative blowpipe-analysis of each of the two powdered minerals supplied to you. Tabulate the results, stating how each was procured. (100) HONOURS. INSTRUCTIONS. Read the General Instructions on pages 3 and 4. You are permitted to answer only five questions in all, of which Question 67 must be one. NOTE.-No Candidate will be credited with a success in this examination who has not obtained a success in an examination corresponding to Stage 3 of the same subject (i.e. in Honours, or Honours, Part I., under previous Regulations). 61. Discuss the reasons for not regarding an ordinary crystal of quartz as a simple combination of the hexagonal prism and pyramid. State the results of etching as bearing upon this question. (65) |