curious chance this contained the only version (out of the sixteen that exist) of Mrs. Barber's Tale' which does not include the desired reference. Readers of N. & Q.' may be interested to see the something "hard upon Mr. Congreve," and to read about the scarce pamphlet in which it appeared.

It was first issued anonymously as

“A Tale, being an addition to Mr. Gay's Fables: [quotation of five lines from] Ramsay's Life of Cyrus. Dublin, printed by S. Powell for George Ewing....1728." 7 pp. 16mo.

The fourth stanza, on pp. 4-5, contains the
lines in question, which are :—

Steele's comedies gave vast delight,
And entertain'd them many a night.

is noteworthy in that it follows the text of Mist's Weekly Journal, and accordingly contains both the lines on Congreve and those on Swift.

A check list of its various issues is as follows: A Tale,' &c., 1728; Mist's Weekl" Journal, 13 April, 1728; London Journal, January, 1733/4 ; Mrs. Barber's Poems on Several Occasions,' 1734; New York Gazett, 8 July, 1734; Gay's Fables,' ed. 7, Dublin, 1737; id., Dublin, 1760; id., London, 1767; id., Edinburgh, 1770; id., Dublin, 1772; Muse's Mirrour,' 1778; Gay's Fables,' Dublin, 1784; id., Philadelphia, 1794; id., Dublin, 1799; id., Dublin, 1804; id., Philadelphia, 1808.

I have examined all of these

items

C[o]n[greve']s cou'd no addmittance [sic] find, except The London Journal and The New
Forbid as poisons to the mind.
That author's wit and sense, says she,
But heightens his impiety.

This poem was then reprinted (again anonymously) in Mist's Weekly Journal, 13 April, 1728, p. (?), under the title 'A Tale from Dublin, design'd as an addition to Gay's Fables.' The verses on Congreve still remained, but the author had inserted, as a compliment to Swift, the eight lines ending with

Then bless'd the Drapier's happier fate,

Who sav'd (and lives to guard) the State. Next the editor of The London Journal reprinted the poem (still anonymously) in the January, 1733/4, number. I am unable to state whether or no the Congreve verses appeared here also, because none of the libraries in this vicinity contain that number of the periodical.

66

Finally, however, the poem was brought out under its author's name when Mrs. Mary Barber published in 1734 her Poems on Several Occasions.' On pp. 7-12 of that volume appears A True Tale,' which is none other than our little poem in question. It was in this version of the poem that the "something....hard upon Congreve" disappeared, no doubt in obedience to Swift's behest," as Dr. Elrington Ball conjectures. In a minor way the True Tale' maintained its lease of life for seventy years more by being reprinted in at least ten editions of Gay's Fables.' All of these editions follow fairly closely the text of the 1728 edition of Mrs. Barber's Tale,' and consequently all of them contain the lines on Congreve. With but one exception they reprint the poem without the author's name, and so it is not strange to find that the version given in the Muse's Mirrour' of 1778 is supposed to be written by Dr. Parnell.” This 1778 reprint

66

York Gazette, and find that the author's
name is attached to the little poem only in
Mrs. Barber's Poems,' &c., 1734, and in
Gay's Fables,' 1767. ERNEST L. GAY.
Boston, Mass.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF HISTORIES OF
IRISH COUNTIES AND TOWNS.
(See 11 S. xi. 103, 183, 315.)
PART IV. E.

EMLY.

Episcopal and Capitular Seals of the Irish Cathe-
dral Churches: Part I. Cashel and Emly. By
R. Caulfield. Cork, 1853.
Indexes to Irish Wills. Vol. iii. Edited by W.
P. W. Phillimore. 1911. Includes Diocese of
Emly.

ENNISCORTHY.

History of Enniscorthy. By Dr. W. H. Grattan
History of the Town and County of Wexford.
Flood, K.S.G. Enniscorthy, 1898.
Vel. vi. By P. H. Hore, M.R.I.A. 1904.
Contains chapter on Enniscorthy.

ENNISKILLEN.

MS. Letters in Library, Trinity College, Dublin, on Defence of Enniskillen and Siege of Londonderry:

James II. to General Hamilton: (1) 1 May, 1689; (2) 10 May, 1689; (3) 20 May, 1689; (4) 8 July, 1689.

Letter from Berwick to General Hamilton: (5) 5 July, 1689.

Letter from R. C. Carr to the Provost of Trinity College, Dublin: (6) 7 April, 1787. Preserved in MS. Room in Library of Trinity College, Dublin, in Box E. 2. 19. No. 543.

Actions of the Enniskillen Men from their first taking up arms in 1688 in defence of the Protestant Religion, their liberties and lives, to the landing of Duke Schomberg in Ireland. By Rev. Andrew Hamilton, an actor and eyewitness therein." London, 1690. Reprinted Belfast, 1813 and 1864.

66

A Further Impartial Account of the Actions of the
Inniskilling-men, containing the reasons of their
first rising. By Capt. William MacCormick.
London, 1691. Reprinted Dungannon, 1896.
History of the Siege of Derry and Defence of
Enniskillen in 1688-9. By Rev. John Graham,

M.A. Dublin, 1829.

Derry and Enniskillen in the year 1689: the story
of some famous Battle-fields in Ulster. By
Prof. Witherow. Belfast, 1873.
Enniskillen Long Ago. By Rev. W. H. Bradshaw.
Dublin, 1878.

Sligo and the Enniskilleners from 1688 to 1691.
By W. G. Wood-Martin. Dublin, 1882.
History of Fermanagh and Tyrone. By the Earl
of Belmore. Dublin, 1887. Contains historical
notes on Enniskillen and district.
History of the Corry Family. By the Earl of
Belmore. Dublin, 1891. Contains historical

notes on Enniskillen and district.

The Old Enniskillen Vestry Book. By the Earl

of Belmore. Dublin, 1903. Enniskillen, Parish and Town. By W. H. Dundas.

1913.

66

paragraph being devoted to the insects,
which are correctly said to infest the country
from June to September. Not having
access to the original manuscript, I cannot
vouch for the accuracy of the spelling in the
first, and every subsequent, reading in
printed form. If we turn to the Jesuit
Relations,' maringoin appears well estab-
lished in 1632, through the statement of
Father Paul Le Jeune (v. 36) : Je pensai
être mangé des maringoins, ce sont petites
after this in the collection complaints are
mouches importunes au possible"; and
really "frequent and free." Similarly in
Baron de La Hontan, 'Nouv. Voyage dans
l'Amérique Septentr.,' La Haye,
1703
(I. Lettre, p. 7), who speaks of "l'incommo-
dité des maringouins, que nous appelons en
France des Cousins." It may be noted that
Regnard, the playwright, who travelled in
Lapland at about the same time (1681),
employs the term moucherons. In later
the best-known
French writings, much
instance of the use of maringouin is in the
classic utterance of Figaro (Le Barbier de
Séville,' I. ii.): "tous les insectes, les mous-
tiques, les cousins, les critiques, les marin-
gouins, les envieux," &c.; while Chateau-
briand naturally introduced it in Voyage
en Amérique' ('Les Onondagas ') without
figurative implication. At the present day
the word is apparently so little known in
France that a recent application of it to a
nagging official by a stranger brought about
its prompt adoption as a nickname, which
would not have resulted from describing
him as a moustique.

UNE CHASSE AU MARINGOUIN. It is interesting to discover that the THROUGHOUT the French-speaking districts exotic term became acclimatized in other of Canada the word most commonly used French possessions on the American conas equivalent to mosquito is, and has been tinent. In Louisiana, for instance, it would for many generations, maringoin or ma- appear to have been in ordinary use, for ringouin, of which Littré declares the the R.P. Louis Hennepin, Récollet, writes etymology unknown. To the earliest ex- in his 'Description de la Louisiane,' Paris, plorers of New France it seems not to have 1688 (p. 134), to the effect that maringouins been familiar. In the narrative of Jacques are not very troublesome in that region. Cartier's voyages (1535, &c.) the activi- How general its use may have been there at ties of the busy insect are not dwelt upon. a later time I have failed to ascertain. A Champlain's Voyage aux Indes Occi- most obliging and courteous communication dentales' (1599) reveals the presence of from M. Solon Ménos, Minister of the the pest, but the word there made use Haytian Legation at Washington, informs of is mousquittes....comme chesons ou me that to-day "le mot maringouin est cousins ; while a further reference may connu et même généralement employé en be cited in Second Voyage au Canada Haïti " Haïti" (22 April, 1915). French Guiana, (chap. ii.),"mousquites (1610). In the too, offers testimony to the distribution of Histoire de la Nouvelle France' of Marc the venomous diptera and the local name. Lescarbot (1608), Champlain's contemporary This is proved through the Voyage à and editor, the word occurs as marigoin in Cayenne, dans les Deux Amériques et chez the tenth chapter (iii. 684), on the Moeurs les Anthropophages,' of Louis-Ange Pitou et Façon de Vivre of the natives, a whole (1805), the royalist chansonnier, who was

66

curious chance this contained the only is noteworthy in that it follows the text of version (out of the sixteen that exist) of Mist's Weekly Journal, and accordingly Mrs. Barber's Tale' which does not include contains both the lines on Congreve and those the desired reference. Readers of N. & Q.' on Swift. may be interested to see the something "hard upon Mr. Congreve," and to read about the scarce pamphlet in which it appeared.

C[o]n[greve's cou'd no addmittance [sic] find, except The London Journal and The New Forbid as poisons to the mind.

A Further Impartial Account of the Actions of the
Inniskilling-men, containing the reasons of their
first rising. By Capt. William MacCormick.
London, 1691. Reprinted Dungannon, 1896.
History of the Siege of Derry and Defence of
Enniskillen in 1688-9. By Rev. John Graham,
M.A. Dublin, 1829.

Derry and Enniskillen in the year 1689: the story
of some famous Battle-fields in Ulster. By
Prof. Witherow. Belfast, 1873.
Enniskillen Long Ago. By Rev. W. H. Bradshaw.
Dublin, 1878.

Sligo and the Enniskilleners from 1688 to 1691.
By W. G. Wood-Martin. Dublin, 1882.
History of Fermanagh and Tyrone. By the Earl
of Belmore. Dublin, 1887. Contains historical
notes on Enniskillen and district.
History of the Corry Family. By the Earl of
Belmore. Dublin, 1891. Contains historical

notes on Enniskillen and district.

The Old Enniskillen Vestry Book. By the Earl

of Belmore. Dublin, 1903. Enniskillen, Parish and Town. By W. H. Dundas.

1913.

History of the Irish Presbyterian Church. By Rev.
Thomas Hamilton, D.D. Edinburgh. Contains
Story of the Sieges of Crom Castle during the
Revolution of 1689. Compiled from Harris,
Macaulay, and Hamilton. Privately printed.
Enniskillen and the Northern Lake District of
Ireland. London, n.d.

chapter on Defence of Enniskillen.

ERRIS.

Erris in the Irish Highlands, and the Atlantic Rail-
way. By P. Knight. Dublin, 1836.
Sketches in Erris and Tyrawley. By Rev. Cæsar
Otway. Dublin, 1841.

WILLIAM MACARTHUR.

79, Talbot Street, Dublin.

(To be continued.)

66

paragraph being devoted to the insects,
which are correctly said to infest the country
from June
to September. Not having
access to the original manuscript, I cannot
vouch for the accuracy of the spelling in the
first, and every subsequent, reading in
printed form. If we turn to the Jesuit
Relations,' maringoin appears well estab-
lished in 1632, through the statement of
Father Paul Le Jeune (v. 36): "Je pensai
être mangé des maringoins, ce sont petites
after this in the collection complaints are
mouches importunes au possible"; and
really frequent and free." Similarly in
Baron de La Hontan, 'Nouv. Voyage dans
l'Amérique Septentr.,' La Haye,
1703
(I. Lettre, p. 7), who speaks of "l'incommo-
dité des maringouins, que nous appelons en
France des Cousins." It may be noted that
Regnard, the playwright, who travelled in
Lapland at about the same time (1681),
employs the term moucherons. In later
the best known
French writings, much
instance of the use of maringouin is in the
classic utterance of Figaro (Le Barbier de
Séville,' I. ii.): "tous les insectes, les mous-
tiques, les cousins, les critiques, les marin-
gouins, les envieux," &c.; while Chateau-
briand naturally introduced it in Voyage
en Amérique (Les Onondagas ') without
figurative implication. At the present day
the word is apparently so little known in
France that a recent application of it to a
nagging official by a stranger brought about
its prompt adoption as a nickname, which
would not have resulted from describing
him as a moustique.

A

UNE CHASSE AU MARINGOUIN. It is interesting to discover that the THROUGHOUT the French-speaking districts exotic term became acclimatized in other of Canada the word most commonly used French possessions on the American conas equivalent to mosquito is, and has been tinent. In Louisiana, for instance, it would for many generations, maringoin or ma- appear to have been in ordinary use, for ringouin, of which Littré declares the the R.P. Louis Hennepin, Récollet, writes etymology unknown. To the earliest ex- in his 'Description de la Louisiane,' Paris, plorers of New France it seems not to have 1688 (p. 134), to the effect that maringouins been familiar. In the narrative of Jacques are not very troublesome in that region. Cartier's voyages (1535, &c.) the activi- How general its use may have been there at ties of the busy insect are not dwelt upon. a later time I have failed to ascertain. Champlain's Voyage aux Indes Occi- most obliging and courteous communication dentales' (1599) reveals the presence of from M. Solon Ménos, Minister of the the pest, but the word there made use Haytian Legation at Washington, informs of is mousquittes.... .comme chesons ou me that to-day "le mot maringouin est cousins ; while a further reference may connu et même généralement employé en be cited in Second Voyage au Canada Haïti" (22 April, 1915). French Guiana, (chap. ii.), "mousquites (1610). In the too, offers testimony to the distribution of Histoire de la Nouvelle France' of Marc the venomous diptera and the local name. Lescarbot (1608), Champlain's contemporary This is proved through the Voyage à and editor, the word occurs as marigoin in Cayenne, dans les Deux Amériques et chez the tenth chapter (iii. 684), on the Moeurs les Anthropophages,' of Louis-Ange Pitou et Façon de Vivre of the natives, a whole (1805), the royalist chansonnier, who was

cabaret de la Bergonde, fut attaqué, mordu à la
tête, trainé à cinquante pas parmi les buissons,
presque complètement dévoré."-Pp. 67-9.
Let us hope that war's alarms may not
reveal any lupine remanet in the British
Isles.
ST. SWITHIN.

Marsh, MR. RALPH THOMAS refers incident

deported thither in 1797, and will be remembered by all through 'La Fille de Madame Angot.' I regret that I have mislaid or lost the specific reference in the somewhat rare volume. I do not call to mind any use of the word in the records of his fellow-exiles-Barbé-Marbois, Laffon de Ladebat, or Aymé. As for the possibility In a recent valuable note upon Charles HENRY COLBURN. (See 11 S. xi. 474.)— of discovering what term is in use in the islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe, no information has thus far been procurable; but it seems likely that the old name has spread over all the original French posWhether French settlements in the Far East or the South Seas (Saigon, New Caledonia, the Marquesas Islands), or, again, the ancient colony of La Réunion, can furnish results the present writer cannot say. The pursuit of the wary insect proves him to be somewhat elusive difficult (as a colleague says) to place one's finger upon. McGill University, Montreal.

sessions on this side of the Atlantic.

PAUL T. LAFLEUR.

WOLVES IN FRANCE.-In The Graphic of 12 June, 1915, there is a thrilling picture of horses being recently attacked by wolves at the Château de Monjustin, which is about twenty miles from Belfort, between Vesoul and Villersexel. They are supposed to have been driven by stir of war from Argonne or the Vosges. It is about sixty years since beasts of their kind were seen in this district, and people are not rejoicing over the visitation.

In my ignorance I had supposed that wolves were almost extinct in France. However, they were not so in 1870 and later, as 'L'Abbé Roitelet' (by Ferdinand Fabre) gives evidence. We are told of a wolf-hunt in the Cévennes when more than 150 valiant men, armed to the teeth, went out to meet

an enemy which had increased and strengthened during the Franco-German War :-

"La guerre nous avait enlevé les hommes valides jusqu'au dernier, et Dieu sait le nombre de ceux que ces effroyables Prussiens de malheur nous ont tués. Tu devines si ces temps d'épreuve, mauvais à mes ouailles, furent bons aux loups du Marcou, du Roudil et de Saumail! Les bêtes sauvages de Tirebose régnaient souverainement sur la région. Personne ici n'étant capable de tirer un coup de fusil, malgré les chiens qui n'avaient pas déserté l'Espinouze et veillaient toujours aux bestiaux, les loups par bandes, non seulement rôdaient à toute heure du jour et de la nuit autour de nos bergeries, rapinant un chèvre, rapinant un mouton, mais ils menaçaient les métairies, guettant les enfants pour se jeter dessus si d'aventure ils essayaient de mettre le nez dehors. A Ginestet un pauvre petit de trois ans, qui jouait au seuil du

ally to the large number of books published by Mr. Colburn in 1828. Having regard to the slowness of printing on the old machines, the high price of paper at that time, and to the number was very remarkable in proportion to the number of readers a century ago, and was no doubt largely due to the great publishing crisis of 1826 having removed so many of his rivals.

It may be interesting, therefore, to glance at Colburn's literary output at this time. The Diaries of Evelyn and of Pepys had been previously launched by him. In 1826-8, besides those of many other writers of note in their day, his list of publications contained new works by Mrs. Shelley, William Hazlitt, Horace Smith, Benjamin D'Israeli, J. H. Lister (the author of 'Granby '), William Godwin, Lord Normanby, W. Savage Landor, Thomas Roscoe, Plumer Ward, Lady Dacre, Tom Hood, the brothers Banim, Bulwer Lytton, Fenimore Cooper, Thomas Campbell, Colley Grattan, Lady Morgan, Leigh Hunt, Theodore Hook, Lady Charlotte Bury, the Rev. George Croly (author of Salathiel'), and, a few months later, Capt. Marryat and G. P. R. James. As these names have application only to new works, and not to reprints, they add further significance to MR. THOMAS's remark. R. B. Upton.

6

66

"CHAPEL," NAUTICAL TERM.-" To make or build a chapel" and to chapel a ship are nautical phrases (explained in Falconer, Smyth, Dana, and other authors, both English and French) for the act of turning a ship round in a light breeze, when she is close - hauled, without bracing the headyards, so that she will lie the same way as she did before. This is usually occasioned by negligence in steering or by a sudden change of wind. The origin of the phrase is not so easily obtained. Littré has, under the head of chapelle," an explanation of the nautical phrase" faire chapelle," with the addition: "This is a wrong spelling which has prevailed over the good, which is chapel, or chapeau."

66

Littré does not give the word chapel, but under " chapeau" he has the nautical phrase