SAM BOUGH: VIEWS IN INVERNESS AND be included, as they are all conscripts. ABERDEEN.-I wish to discover the present Among Anglican priests Walker, who comwhereabouts of two landscapes by Sam manded the garrison of Londonderry during Bough:- Inverness from the Isles (in its famous siege, is a clear case; but I do the Ness), engraved in William Keddie's not think there are many such. 'Highland Tour,' No. VI., Glasgow, circa 1850; 'University and King's College, Old Aberdeen' (from the south-east), engraved in vol. iv. of Robert Chambers's Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen,' Glasgow, 1855. Neither of these is noted in the lists appended to Sidney Gilpin's Sam Bough, R.S.A.,' London, 1905. P. J. ANDERSON. AUTHOR OF QUOTATION WANTED.-Who is the philosopher who, on being shown over St. Paul's in London, compared mankind to a fly which was groping its way over an uneven floor ? J. D. "ALL IS NOT GOLD THAT GLISTERS."-At 11 S. xi. 393, H. C. quoted the line Non teneas aurum totum quod splendet ut aurum from the Winchester College Hall- book of 1401-2. Is any earlier version of this proverb known ? JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT. ALDERMAN FOWLER OF ROCHESTER.-In the Poll Tax Roll for Rochester, 1660, occur "Mr. Robert Fowler and his wife." A note describes him as now an Alderman." Can any one supply any further information about him? 66 ALFRED SYDNEY LEWIS. Constitutional Club, Northumberland Avenue. INSCRIPTION TO BE DECIPHERED.-In a picture of St. Jerome by Marinus van Reymerswael an inscription borders a niche in the wall wherein stands a crucifix. Of this inscription only the opening and olosing words are clearly decipherable: "Adoram vs Te....qvia per sancta." What is the full inscription, and whence is it derived ? M. H. S. "WHAT THE DEVIL· Ком Омво. !"-The earliest example of this phrase quoted in the N.E.D.' is circa 1385, Chaucer, L. G. W.,' 2694, Hypermestre' ('N.E.D.,' vol. P. 285, col. 3):— iii. What devel have I with the knyfe to doo? An earlier instance is found in 1. 196 of the alliterative Middle English poem entitled Patience' : What pe deuel hat; pou don, doted wrechche ? "FELIX OPPORTUNITATE MORTIS."-Would Replies. THE SITE OF THE GLOBE.. (11 S. x. 209, 290, 335; xi. 447.) I WAS interested in reading MRS. STOPES'S note and to learn that her late husband's opinion was in favour of the attribution of the site to the south of Maid Lane, within the premises of the brewery of Messrs. Barclay, Perkins & Co., Ltd., an opinion in accordance with continuous and unvarying tradition. The evidence which I have collected since writing my paper on The Site of the Globe' (Surrey Archaeological Collections, vol. xxiii.) is either confirmatory of the southern position of the site or is not inconsistent with it, or is such that nothing can be gathered as regards the position, whether to the north or south of Maid Lane. In my paper I dealt, I think, with all the points that MRS. STOPES raises, CLERKS IN HOLY ORDERS AS COMBATANTS. except as regards the records of the Sewer -I wish to collect examples of bishops or Commissions, which have since priests of the Roman or Anglican Com- light, and concerning which I expressed munion serving voluntarily as combatants the opinion (11 S. x. 335) that they did in war. The gallant French priests now not state the Globe to be on the south fighting in their country's cause could not of Maid Lane nor even suggest it to be come to there. The views of the trustees of the Globe Memorial were set forth in a letter which appeared in The Athenæum, 5 Dec., 1914, p. 591-a letter which, although communicated simultaneously to The Times, was not inserted in that newspaper. The trustees, after examining the new evidence which had been adduced, concluded that there were no grounds for supposing the traditional view of the site to be incorrect, and decided that the detailed result of their investigation might be left unpublished until the publication of the book which had been promised by Dr. Wallace. For this book the trustees are still waiting. As regards the evidence of Dr. Wallace which appeared (without references) in The Times of 30 April and 1 May, 1914 évidence from which it was concluded by Dr. Wallace, and editorially by The Times, that the site of the Globe was undoubtedly to the north of Maid Lane I have copies of the documents from which the evidence seems to have been taken. The evidence of these documents is no better than, and is all reducible to, that of the Coram Rege Roll (1454, 13 Jas. I., Hil. 692). As bearing upon the meaning of this Roll, MRS. STOPES refers to a description of first-class importance in this connexion. The description of Richard Shakespeare's house in the Snitterfield property of the Ardens shows how the meaning which is sought to be placed on the Coram Rege wording is not the real meaning in the similar and contemporary wording of the Snitterfield description. And doubtless there are extant many other examples of the use of wording similar to that on the Roll-examples refuting the interpretation that some have given to its wording. In addition, your valued correspondent L. L. K. informs me that he reads the wording of the Coram Rege Roll, "abutantem super peciam terræ vocatam The Parke super boream,' as abutting on the Park on its north side"; and so on with those other statements in Latin upon which the case for the northern attribution of the site hangs. These instances of MRS. STOPES and L. L. K. show how ambiguous may be the descriptions of property, and how extraneous evidence is necessary for the true meaning to appear. As the whole case for the northern attribution of the site of the Globe is based upon one interpretation of the Coram Rege Roll, and since that interpretation does not accord with the facts as we have them, the contention for the placing of the site to the north of Maid Lane wholly fails. Should, however, the Latin of the Roll be capable of being read as meaning that the Park was, in fact, to the north of Maid Lane, as some have said, I would here merely remark that if this document is correct, it is a remarkable coincidence that the properties and physical features-Park, sewers, ditches, plots, &c.-to the north of Maid Lane are found to be duplicated on the immediate south. I preferred in my paper in the Surrey Archaeological Collections to say that, in these circumstances and following analogous instances, the draftsman of the account on the Roll had before him a plan in which the south was at the upper edge of the plan, and that he had consequently mistaken the north for the south, with the result that if the plan were turned round so as to bring the north to the north, and south to the south, all the statements in the Roll would accord with what extraneous evidence indicates as being correct. I suppose, however, that until a contemporary plan of Bankside is forthcoming there will continue to be two opinions: the one that the site was to the north of Maid Lane; the other, which I believe to be true, that the site was where tradition and documentary and topographical evidence place it, viz., to the south of that thoroughfare. WILLIAM MARTIN. 2, Garden Court, Temple, E.C. The controversy as to the site of the Globe Playhouse of Shakespeare is one which, I believe, has existed for something like one hundred years. The whole question at issue revolves round the point as to whether the Playhouse stood on the north or south side of Maiden Lane, now Park Street, Southwark. MRS. STOPES in her contribution at 11 S. xi. 447 supports the south-side partisans, and she bases her argument partly on the fact that, as there was at one time a Globe Alley on the south side of Maiden Lane, there is presumptive evidence that the Playhouse was on the south side also. I hope to show, however, that there was another Globe Alley on the north side of Maiden Lane which did, in fact, lead to the Playhouse. It was not till after the Playhouse had been demolished in 1664, together with the Globe Alley which led to it, that the second Globe Alley, to which MRS. STOPES refers, came into existence. The evidence as to the first Globe Alley on the north side of Maiden Lane is made clear by simply accepting as accurate the plain statements of contemporary documents. It is known that the land upon which the Globe Playhouse was erected belonged to Nicholas Brand of West Moulsey. He granted a lease, dated 25 Dec., 1598, of this land to Cuthbert and Richard Burbage, William Shakespeare, and others. Owing to a dispute an action at law was instituted respecting the division of the profits of the Globe, and another theatre. called the "Blackfriars." In this action it was necessary to recount the boundaries of the land which was included in the lease, and upon which the theatre stood. This legal document was discovered by Dr. William Wallace in the Coram Rege Roll, 1616. There were two pieces of land included in this lease. They were divided by a way or lane running east and west. One piece of land was therefore on the north of this way or lane, and the other was on its southern side. In Maiden Lane ran the common sewer, the centre of which doubtless formed the southern boundary of Nicholas Brand's property, and divided his land from the Lord Bishop of Winchester's Park. In 1626 Sir Matthew Brand, the son of Nicholas Brand, sold this southern piece of land to Hillarie Mempris. The conveyance describes the boundaries in the following terms: "Bounded by the King's highway called Deadman's Place on the east, and by the brook or common sewer dividing the land from the park of the Lord Bishop of Winchester on the south...... and an alley or way leading to the Globe Playhouse, commonly called Globe Alley, on the north ......and contained in breadth from the path called Globe Alley on the north......to the common sewer on the south one hundred and twenty-four feet or thereabouts." By accepting these perfectly plain statements in their obvious and literal sense, it is an easy matter to determine the exact position of the first Globe Alley. By taking the common sewer in Maiden Lane (now Park Street, Southwark) as the southern boundary, and as a base from which to make a survey, I have arrived at the following interesting and, to my mind, conclusive results. From above the common sewer in Park Street I measured off 124 ft. along Bank End (old Deadman's Place). At a distance of 124 ft. from the common sewer I found myself opposite a pair of wooden gates giving access to a yard known as Ironworks Yard. Behind Ironworks .Yard may still be seen the route of the way or lane behind the backs of the warehouses which front upon Bankside on the north, and Park Street on the south. This way or lane could only have been the original Globe Alley leading to the Globe Playhouse. But the evidence that it was so does not stop here. The pair of wooden gates are on the west side of Bank End, and they are immediately opposite Clink Street, which here enters Bank End on the east side of that road. By a reference now to Visscher's View of Southwark,' 1616, this way or lane is shown entering Deadman's Place on its western side, immediately opposite Clink Street. This way or lane shown in the View' gives direct access to the Globe. From the deed of transfer from Brand to Mempris it appears that this way or lane was commonly called Globe Alley." The Globe Alley to which MRS. STOPES refers is a later creation, and it has been the cause of many years of dispute. The Globe Playhouse actually stood on the northern of the two pieces of land owned by Brand. This northern piece of land in the Coram Rege Roll document is said to be bounded on the north by the Park. In an important legal document defining the boundary of land leased to Burbage and others the full title of the adjoining land would have been given. The Park would have been called the "Lord Bishop of Winchester's Park if that Park had been intended, and it is most unlikely that it would have simply been referred to as the Park. Again, the Lord Bishop of Winchester's Park lay to the south of Maiden Lane, and it could not therefore, under any circumstances, have formed the northern boundary of Brand's land leased to Burbage. MRS. STOPES, DR. MARTIN, and others appear to have fallen into the error of assuming an inaccuracy in the document, because they seem to have accepted without question that "the Park" must have referred to the Lord Bishop of Winchester's Park. The solution of this misconception may, I think, be gathered from an examination of that bundle of MS. documents known as the Sacramental Token Books in Southwark Cathedral. From these documents it appears that some property known as "The Park" did exist on Bankside. 66 66 the words "alter" and "utrique" should be read as one word, alterutrique," which is In the Token Book for Bankside dated sometimes, though not often, used for 1598 not only the names of the inhabitants, utrique.' "Of the blood of Edward IV. but also the names of the properties, are and Richard III., he was to each of them in given. It here appears that the tokens were the third degree of relationship." These first collected from the Bell." In an kings were brothers. Any one descended earlier Token Book, 1593, "The Bell" is from any of their great-great-grandparents described as "Ye Bell on ye Bankside." would be their third cousin. Terni," I After "The Bell" in the 1598 Token Book know, does not mean third in genuine reference is made to the various properties Latin, but the epitaph-writer was attempting on Bankside, which include "ffrom the elegiacs, and could not use the words tertii Park." The Park was the name of the Ricardi " or "tertio gradu." Gradus," small houses fronting upon Bankside and however, is the regular word for a step in a forming the northern boundary of Brand's pedigree. B. B. property. After the collection had been made ffrom the Park" the very next entry is "Mr. Brandes Rents.' These Sacramental Token Books deserve more study than has as yet been given to them. 66 So far as I have been able to discover, the first reference to Globe Alley appears as a marginal note under the heading Brand's Rents" on p. 61 in the Token Book for the Clink Liberty for the year 1619. The Alley dividing Brand's property was not apparently known as Globe Alley until that year. Sir Matthew Brand was the freeholder of Globe Alley, as appears in another of the Southwark documents dated 1637: Globe Alley, Sir Matthew Brand, Knight, Moulsey, Owner." 66 The Latin epitaph is certainly extremely obscure, especially the lines: Sanguinis Edvardi quarti ternique Ricardi Gradibus in ternis alter utrique fuit. Could they mean: "Being in the third degree of blood-relationship with Edward IV. and Richard III., he was to each of them as a second self"? It seems to me unlikely that it would be recorded of a man that he had been hostile to two kings, whose rule at the time he must have accepted. I recognize the brilliant scholarship of the late Canon T. S. Evans, but in interpreting Latin of this very low order, brilliant scholarship is perhaps rather a hindrance than a help. 66 G. C. MOORE SMITH. The Globe Playhouse was actually built upon the site previously occupied by the Has consideration been given to the Bear Ring. This may at once be seen by a frequent use of "alter" for exact mental or comparison of the 'View' by Agas, c. 1580, physical resemblance? A general might be where The Beare bayting " ring is shown, called Alexander alter"; and the phrases with the View' by Visscher, 1616, where" alter ego" and "alter idem " are familiar.. "The Globe is shown as occupying the May not the writer of the epitaph have meant site of the Bear Ring. "He was related to two kings, and might have been mistaken for either of them ? If so, the statement would be of interest to those writers who maintain that the repulsive appearance of Richard III. has been exaggerated.. To-day the site of the Globe is covered by warehouses known as 6 and 7, Bankside. When these warehouses were built, the foundations of the theatre were disclosed. Many Elizabethan objects of small interest were collected from within the walls of the theatre, and these are now contained in a glass case at the warehouses. GEORGE HUBBARD, F.S.A. (To be continued.) 66 ALTER IN A LATIN EPITAPH (11 S. xi. 454). It seems to me that the epitaph quoted by S. R. C. merely states that Richard Clervaux was an adherent of Henry VI. and a cousin of Edward IV. and Richard III. In the last two lines: Sanguinis Edvardi quarti ternique Ricardi OLD SARUM. JOHN CAMDEN HOTTEN (11 S. xi. 357).— Add:Hans Breitmann in Politics. By Charles G. Leland. A Second Series of the Breitmann Ballads. With a few Explanatory Notes by J. C. H. and H. L. W. 1869. The Introduction is by the same. Hunted Down, a Story: by Charles Dickens. With some account of Thomas Griffiths Wainewright, the Poisoner [1870].-The Introduction containing the account of Wainewright is signed J. C. H. Piccadilly. Lothaw. By Mr. Benjamins (Bret Hart).-Preliminary by J. C. H. Piccadilly, 4th May, 1871. East and West. By Bret Harte.-Preliminary not signed, but dated Piccadilly, Dec. 12, 1871. GHOSTWICK (11 S. xi. 451).—The reference is to Sir Edward Gostwick, eldest son of Sir William Gostwick, first baronet of Willington, co. Bedford. He was knighted vita patris, 3 May, 1607; succeeded to his father's baronetcy, 19 Sept., 1615; died 20 Sept., 1630. See G. E. C.'s Complete Baronetage,' vol. i. p. 100. ALFRED B. BEAVEN. Leamington. GEORGE OFFLEY (11 S. xi. 433).-The library of George Offley was sold by Messrs. Sotheby on 6 and 7 Nov., 1889. The collection included classical, antiquarian, and philological works, together with a number of books on the lighter side of London life, such as Boxiana,' Real Life in London,' &c. George Offley was a solicitor living at 24, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, up to 1871, when his name disappears from the Law List.' The connexion of the Offley family with Covent Garden was of long standing, and they appear to have resided in Henrietta Street for many generations. If your correspondent will refer to the printed Registers of St. Paul's, Covent Garden, he will find numerous references, going back to the seventeenth century, showing that the family were living then in the same street as they were in 1871. It will be remembered, too, that 23, Henrietta Street, was a celebrated eating-house famous for its chops, and known as Offley's." The proprietor was originally at Bellamy's-the House of Commons' kitchen (see Jacobs's History of 66 REPUDIATION OF PUBLIC LOAN (11 S. xi. 452). This was the State of Pennsylvania, which at that time (1843) the richest in the Union-repudiated the interest on its bonds. See Sydney Smith's Humble Petition to the House of Congress at Washington,' 18 May, 1843, and his two letters in The Morning Chronicle, 3 Nov. and 23 Nov., 1843, reprinted in Sydney Smith's 'Works,' vol. iii. pp. 441-53, 8vo, 1845. also Fanny Kemble's 'Records of a Later Life,' vol. iii. p. 19: "It is thought that Pennsylvania will ultimately pay, but it will be some time first." I quote this from Mr. Stuart J. Reid's Life and Times of Sydney Smith,' cheap edition, 1901, p. 354. WM. H. PEET. See 66 CYDER CELLARS (11 S. xi. 208, 256, 366). MR. ALAN STEWART'S interesting reply at the last reference gives occasion for some additional queries on this site identification. Evidently the " Cider Cellar has been confused with the "Cyder Cellars," or a tavern so named, which was not built on the same site. The stage door of the Adelphi was in Maiden Lane very many years before 1858. 'Every Night Book,' 1827, p. 53, provides the following: the "On the left-hand side of Maiden Lane, if you enter it from Southampton Street, close to the stage entrance of the Adelphi Theatre....is the once famous house of public resort called the It is entirely underground;, Cider Cellar. entrance to it is by a broad flight of stairs." It will be found that the Directories identify it as No. 22, not 20 and 21 (vide Robson's 1839 and various other issues). As there is no indication of the thoroughfare |