most ignorant language-mixers but rather linguistic creations of humorists, and they can scarcely be taken as examples of Argentine Spanish of any kind. No doubt a few ignorant people do mix Spanish and Italian, especially the newly arrived immigrants, but the problem has been grossly exaggerated by the editors of El Fogon. It is too much to ask any one to believe that the people of Argentina use in their daily speech such words as uppercutear (opercotear?) 'to deliver upper-cuts,' vieco 'old,' and tutankamerias, 'Tutankamen fashions or ways.'

Dr. Grossman has written a most interesting and valuable book that opens the way for more detailed and more complete studies on the foreign elements in the Spanish of Argentina and all the other SpanishAmerican countries. Chapter V, which treats the problems of phonetic and morphological changes in a systematic manner, has a definitive value for linguistic science.

AURELIO M. ESPINOSA.

NOTES AND PERSONALIA

A SURVEY OF LINGUISTIC STUDIES was issued late in November, 1926, as a Bulletin of the Executive Committee. A few words to correct and to supplement the statements in it may not be out of place. The Survey was intentionally limited to the graduate courses in the institutions which are members of the Association of American Universities, although, as was said in the Survey itself, this definition, made for purely practical reasons, causes the omission of certain distinguished schools. Yet it can hardly be disputed that the institutions considered in the Survey, twenty-five in number, include at least twenty of the first twenty-five institutions giving a full graduate curriculum, on whatever basis the rating might be made, and that therefore the general impression which it creates is not essentially wrong.

But the strictures upon the failure to make American English the subject of instruction seem not to be fully justified. We may criticize the fact that the published announcements of the courses do not indicate that the phenomena and the peculiarities of American English are dealt with or otherwise utilized; but apparently the courses on the English Language are actually so conducted, in a number of institutions where no such credit is given in the Survey. For example, Prof. W. A. Craigie of Chicago and Prof. Kemp Malone of Johns Hopkins have courteously sent the information that their courses on the English Language do make American English the basis of the work.

The situation at the University of Nebraska is more favorable to linguistic studies than the Survey indicates. Although L. H. Gray's place has not been filled, Prof. L. A. Sherman is conducting a course in General Linguistics, and Prof. R. D. Scott conducts courses in Sanskrit, in which matters of Comparative IE Grammar also are treated. Both subjects are well elected.

Further, Prof. Paul Haupt of Johns Hopkins died on Dec. 15, 1926. Prof. C. C. Fries of Michigan gives a course in the syntax of Modern English, a fact which escaped the notice of the compilers of the Survey.

Of the papers read at the Second Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America, some have not been presented for publication, or are being held for incorporation in larger works; but the following have appeared in print, or are about to be issued:

L. Bloomfield, A Set of Postulates for the Science of Language; in Lan

guage, 2.153–64. C. D. Buck, Some Questions of Practice in the Notation of Reconstructed

Forms; in Language, 2.99–107. H. Collitz, World Languages; in Language, 2.1-13. E. C. Hills, The History of the Forms of Spanish Patronymics in -2;

about to appear in Revue Hispanique. U. T. Holmes, The Phonology of an English-Speaking Child; about to

appear in American Speech. R. G. Kent, The Textual Criticism of Inscriptions; as Language Mono

graph No. 2, 1926. R.G. Kent, The Inscription of Duenos; in Language, 2.207–222. S. Kroesch, Analogy as a Factor in Semantic Change; in Language,

2.35 45. R. Levy, The Astrological Works of Abraham ibn Ezra: a literary and

linguistic study with special reference to the Old French translation of Hagin; to appear as Vol. 8 of The Johns Hopkins University Studies

in Romance Literatures and Languages, Paris, 1926. M. H. Liddell, Stress Pronunciation in Latin; in Language, 2.108–18. E. K. Maxfield, Quaker “Thee" and its History; in American Speech,

1.638–44. J. F. Mountford, Some Neglected Evidence Bearing on the Ictus Metricus

in Latin Verse; in Transactions of the American Philological Associa

tion, 56.151-61. A. R. Nykl, The Quinary-Vigesimal System of Counting in Europe,

Asia, and America; in Language, 2.165–73. E. Prokosch, The Hypothesis of a Pre-Germanic Substratum; in The

Germanic Review, 1.47-72. E. Prokosch, The Phonetic Drift of the Germanic Vowel System; about to

appear in Classical Quarterly. E. H. Sturtevant, On the Position of Hittite among the Indo-European

Languages; in Language, 2.25-34. E. H. Sturtevant, Concerning the Influence of Greek on Vulgar Latin;

in TAPA, 56.5–25. H. H. Vaughan, Italian Dialects in the United States; in American Speech,

PAUL HAUPT, a Signer of the Call which led to the formation of the Linguistic Society of America, and a Foundation Member of the Society, died suddenly in Baltimore, on December 15, 1926, at the age of sixtyeight years.

He was born in Görlitz, Germany, on November 25, 1858, and after being graduated from the local Gymnasium went to the University of Leipzig, where he received the degree of Ph.D. in 1878. He pursued further studies at Berlin and in the British Museum in London, and was Privat Docent 1880–83 and Professor of Assyriology 1883–89 at the University of Göttingen. In 1882 he was called to the Johns Hopkins University at Baltimore as Spence Professor of Semitic Languages and Director of the Oriental Seminary, a position which he held until his death. From 1888 on, he held an honorary curatorship at the National Museum at Washington. He was made Knight of the Royal Prussian Order of the Red Eagle in 1901, and in the following year received the honorary degree of Ph.D. from the University of Glasgow. He was an official delegate to several International Congresses of Orientalists, on the History of Religions, and of Americanists, serving several times as presiding officer of the Semitic section of the first two. He was a member of many learned societies, both in this country and abroad; he was President of the Society of Biblical Literature and Exegesis 1905–06 and of the American Oriental Society 1913–14.

His scientific writings were voluminous, including numerous books on the Old Testament and in the Assyrian and Sumerian field, and almost countless articles in technical journals. His complete bibliography is to be found in the Haupt Festschrift, issued in 1926, where it is compiled by C. Adler and A. Ember.

Professor Haupt took an active part in the formation of the Linguistic Society, and was always ready to help generously in every way to further its work. His valuable advice and assistance will be sorely missed.

By action of the Society at the Cambridge meeting, classes of Life Members and of Benefactors have been created. It is hoped that as many as possible of the annual members will avail themselves of this opportunity and thereby not only decrease the routine work of the Society's administrative office, but establish a permanent Endowment Fund for the aims of the Society. The dues of Life Members amount to One Hundred Dollars less half the annual dues already paid, in addition to the dues of the current year; thus any member who joined in 1925 may in 1927 become a Life Member on payment of $97.50 ($100 less half of $15, plus dues of 1927). Benefactors are those who pay at one time into the treasury of the Society the sum of not less than Two Hundred Fifty Dollars. Two have already been enrolled: Mrs. Robert M. Littlejohn (Rebecca Bolling) and Miss Charlotte Townsend Littlejohn of New York.

Attention is called to the provision for binding sets of LANGUAGE. Any member may send the issues of a volume of LANGUAGE to the Secretary of the Society, accompanied by a check for Two Dollars; and will in due course receive the volume handsomely bound in magenta buckram, suitably labeled on the back in gold letters. New members wishing to purchase a complete file of bound voumes may secure it by remitting an additional sum of One Dollar Seventy-Five Cents per volume, above the regular price of Five Dollars per annum for the publications of the Society.

The following members were received into the Society in the last three months of 1926; their titles and addresses will be found in the list of members published in this issue of LANGUAGE: Louis Allen, Ludlow S. Bull, Alice H. Bushee, John M. Clapp, Oscar F. W. Fernsemer, Barend Faddegon, Henry Hyvernat, Elizabeth Knott (Mrs. J. P.), T. A. Knott, Harriet Allison Loeb (Mrs. Edwin M.), Edgar A. Menk, Homer F. Rebert, Henry Brush Richardson, Rollin H. Tanner, John S. P. Tatlock.

The following have been received into the Society as members of 1927, before the close of the calendar year 1926:

Professor S. E. Bassett, Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. (Greek) Professor Harry Caplan, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N. Y. (Classics) Prof. R. W. Cowden, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. (Rhetoric) Miss Helen S. Eaton, 79 Washington Place, New York City. (Lin

guistic Research Assistant to the Internat. Aux. Lang. Assn.) Mr. J. V. Martin, 10 Aoyama Gakuin, Tokyo, Japan. Prof. Ralph Van Deman Magoffin, New York University, University

Heights, New York City. (Classics) Mr. Leo Erval Saidla, 95 Livingston St. Brooklyn, N Y. Prof. Joshua Whatmough, Harvard Univ., Cambridge, Mass. (Comp.

Philology) Prof. Edward Yoder, Goshen College, Goshen, Ind (Greek and Latin)