Laetatur. Evoe, parce Liber, Parce, gravi metuende thyrso. Fas pervicaces est mihi Thyiadas Fas et beatae conjugis additum Thracis et exitium Lycurgi. Tu flectis amnes, tu mare barbarum, Nodo coërces viperino Bistonidum sine fraude crines. Tu, quum parentis regna per arduum Quamquam choreis aptior et jocis CARM. 19.-9. sit mihi, Bentl. conj.-Thyadas, some Codd.-23. Rethum and Rhoecum, some Codd.-24. horribilisque, Bentl. conj. turbidum (adv.= turbide), pectore pleno Bacchi. ... parce, expressive 7 and 8. parce repetition (Anadiplosis, comp. above C. 2, 14, 1; 2, 17, 10). 9. sq. construe: fas est mihi cantare pervicaces Thyiadas, &c. 11. truncis, ablat. = e truncis, 'from the hollow trunks.' 12. iterare, poetic. = referre, narrare, canere, 'celebrate.' 13. beatae conjugis (Bacchi) i. e. Ariadnae in coelum relatae. 17. mare barbarum, i. e. Indicum. 18. separatis, the same as above v. 1: remotis, 'remote, solitary, lonely.' 19. coërces, poetic. = cohibes, bind G 10 15 20 25 est' (comp. below C. 3, 14, 22: Murrheum nodo cohibere crinem, and Ov. Met. 1, 477: Vitta coërcebat positos sine lege capillos). 20. sine fraude, (prop. an old juridical term) = sine damno, sine noxâ, impune, without injury, hurt;' (comp. Carm. Saec. 41: Cui per ardentem sine fraude Trojam Castus Aeneas...Liberum munivit iter, &c.) 21. parentis, i. e. Jovis per arduum per coelum, in sublime (enisa). 23. leonis, &c. i. e. under the form of a lion. 24. malâ ore, 'jaw.' 25. sq. construe: quamquam (tu, Bacche), dictus (said to be) aptior cho Pugnae ferebaris; sed idem Te vidit insons Cerberus aureo 30 CARMEN XX. AD MAECENATEM. In these lines, addressed to Maecenas, Horace foretells the permanence and universality of his fame, and describes himself as already undergoing transformation into a swan on the wing for a higher region than any to be found on earth. Dated A.U.C. 734 or 735, NON usitatâ nec tenui ferar Pennâ biformis per liquidum aethera Urbes relinquam. Non ego, pauperum 5 CARM 20.-1. non tenui, some Codd.-3. terra, some Codd.-6 and 7. quem vocant, Dilecte Maecenas, Bentl. conj. reis et jocis ludoque, ferebaris (' thou wast reported, told, asserted to be') non sat idoneus pugnae. 28. pacis mediusque belli (poetic. for medius pacis bellique, see C. 1, 30, 6) = ad pacem, bellumque te aptum praebebas, equally fit for the duties of peace and war.' 29. insons, i. e. 'without injuring thee.' 31. trilingui ore, poetic. for triceps 'three-tongued' (for 'three-headed'). 32. tetigitque crura, poetic. for: tetigit cruraque (comp. above v. 28.) Carm. 20.-1. non usitatâ,' with no vulgar, no common' (wings), namely, as the first Roman lyric poet-nec tenui =validâ, 'strong, powerful.' 2. biformis, as changed into a swan. 4. invidia major, i. e. having overcome envy,' above the reach of envy' (comp. below C. 4, 3, 16: Et jam dente minus mordeor invido.) 5. sq. note the emphatic repetition of non ego-pauperum sanguis, alluding to the imputation of ignoble birth thrown upon him (comp. S. 1, 6, 45 and 46: Nunc ad me redeo libertino patre natum, quem rodunt omnes libertino patre natum). 6. quem vocas, poetic. = quem petis (comp. above C. 2, 18, 11), quem invitas, cui liber aditus ad te patet, ' whom Absint inani funere neniae 11. superna, some Codd.-13. notior, some Codd.; tutior, Bentl. conj.-20. Hiber, Codd. thou callest, invitest, favourest with thy friendship.' 9. Jam jam, 'now already' a frequent repetition (comp. below Epod. 2, 68: Jam jam futurus rusticus) -- residunt cruribus (ablat.) 'are settling on my legs' (by enveloping the diminished legs of man when metamorphosed into those of a bird). 11. superně, the final vowel of the adv. shortened-lêves, 'downy.' 13. Daedaleō ōcier, hiatus (comp. above C. 1, 28, 24: Ossibus et capiti Inhumato, and Epod. 13, 3: Threïcio Aquilone sonant). 14. gementis, poetic. rauci 'hoarse' (comp. above C. 2, 14, 14: Fractisque rauci fluctibus Hadriae). 15. canorus ales, i. e. cycnus. 18. Marsae (poetic. Italae Romanae) cohortis, genit. object., the Dacian who conceals, dissembles his fear of the Marsic (Italian, Roman) cohort.' 19. peritus, proleptically, of one who will become 'peritus,' 'civilized' (comp. above C. 2, 9, 1: imbres hispidos). 20. Rhodani potor, poetic. = Rhodani accola, Gallus (comp. Hom. Il. 2, 825: πίνοντες ὕδωρ μέλαν Αἰσήποιο and below C. 4, 15, 21: Qui profundum Danubium bibunt). 21. inani funere, ablat. absol. = quum absit corpus sepeliendum, obsequies while there is no body to be interred' neniae, the funeral songs' of the praeficae (hired female mourners). 22. querimoniae, the lamentations of the friends of the deceased. As for the sentence comp. the verses of Ennius in Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34: Nemo me lacrimis decorat nec funera fletu Faxit. Cur? volito vivus per ora virûm. 24. supervacuos, Augustan form, for the Ciceronian form supervacaneos. LIBER TERTIUS. CARMEN I. DE VARIIS HOMINUM STUDIIS. Dated variously from A.U.C. 726 to 736. Horace commends the practical wisdom which consists in a proper estimate of the various objects of human pursuit, and in a judicious use of the short term of existence allotted to man, and pronounces himself happy, inasmuch as he has attained all the ends of his ambition, and seeks nothing more. ODI profanum vulgus et arceo. Regum timendorum in proprios greges, Lib. 3.-Carm. 1.-1. profanum, (from pro, fanum, before, without the temple, i. e. not sacred, not initiated into sacred mysteries, comp. Virg. A. 6, 258: Procul, o, procul este, profani,' Conclamat vates), here poetic. of him who is uninitiated, as it were, into the principles of true moral philosophyarceo, I keep them at a distance.' 2. favete linguis, the Greek evonueîte, a religious term (prop., use words of good omen, hence also) ' preserve a religious silence;' or: abstain from words of ill omen' (comp. below C. 3, 5 14, 11 sq.: male ominatis parcite verbis). 4. virginibus pueris, poetic. of the youth,' to whom, as not corrupted by bad habits, he addresses his moral precepts. 5. regum timendorum, sc. imperium est (from the foll. line)-greges = populos. 8. supercilio moventis, shaking with his eyebrow, nod' (comp. the noble Homeric verses Il. 1, 528 sq.: 'H, kaì κυανέησιν ἐπ' ὀφρύσι νεῦσε Κρονίων, &c., and Virg. A. 9, 106: Adnuit, et totum nutu tremefecit Olympum). Somnum reducent. Somnus agrestium Desiderantem quod satis est neque VARIOUS READINGS.-CARM. 1.-9. esto ut, Bentl. conj.-17. districtus, some Codd. 20 25 9. est ut, the Greek čσr, öπws = accidit ut, it comes to pass that,' i. e. although it happens that,' with the apodosis (tamen) aequâ lege, &c.— viro, comp. ablat.-vir, corresponding with the foll. hic...hic...illi, the one... the other.' 10. arbusta, here esp. = vineas, 'that one may arrange vines in regular rows to a larger extent than another '—generosior = genere nobilior, of higher extraction. 11. Campum, i. e. the Plain of Mars, where the people had formerly assembled for elections; the expression 'descendat' refers to its lower situation on the Tiber. 13. contendat, 'vies' (with this competitor). 14. Necessitas, here personified as |