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teaching or other profession may, on the recommendation of the Executive Committee and the vote of the Society, be relieved from further payment of annual dues without loss of any of the privileges of active membership.

7. Any foreign scholar of distinction in linguistic studies, not resident in North America, may be elected an Honorary Member, by a fivesixths vote of the Society in its annual business session, provided such scholar has received the recommendation of the Executive Committee. Not more than six honorary members shall be elected at the first election, and thereafter not more than three in any one year. The total number of honorary members shall not exceed twenty-five. Any active member may submit nominations to the Executive Committee.

8. Any library or institution may become a Subscribing Member by payment of Five Dollars annually, and shall have all the privileges of active members, except that of participation in the business meeting of the Society.

9. Life Members, Benefactors, and Honorary Members are free from further payment of dues.

10. All classes of members are entitled to receive the publications of the Society without further charge, except in the case of larger publications issued under special conditions and outside subventions.

11. The sums received as dues of Life Members and Benefactors shall be set aside as endowment, and shall be invested in interest-bearing securities, only the income thereof to be used for current expenses, including those of publication. The Treasurer and two members of the Society, appointed by the Executive Committee, shall be the trustees of the Endowment Fund.

ARTICLE III. OFFICERS

1. The Officers shall be a President, a Vice-President, a Secretary, and a Treasurer.

2. There shall be an Executive Committee, composed of the above Officers and three other members of the Society.

3. There shall be a Committee on Publications, which shall consist of four members of the Society. One of these, to be designated Chairman of the Committee and Editor of the Publications of the Society, shall be elected annually by the Society. The three members at large shall serve for a term of three years, except that of the three persons chosen at the first meeting one shall serve for one year and one for two years. Thereafter one member of the Committee shall be chosen at each annual meeting.

4. Officers shall be elected annually, and any member shall be free to make nominations.

ARTICLE IV. MEETINGS

1. There shall be an annual meeting of the Society, at such time and place as shall be determined at a previous meeting, or by the Executive Committee.

2. The Executive Committee shall make all arrangements for the annual meetings.

3. The Executive Committee may call special meetings.

4. Titles and descriptions of papers to be read before the Society must be submitted to the Executive Committee beforehand, and their disposition of such papers, including a possible limitation of the time to be devoted to them, shall be final.

ARTICLE V. PUBLICATION

1. The Committee on Publications shall have charge of all publications of the Society, and shall have power to order their publication upon certification of the Treasurer that sufficient money is available. 2. Nothing in this Article shall prevent the publication of occasional bulletins by the Executive Committee.

ARTICLE VI. AMENDMENTS

1. Amendments to this Constitution may be made by vote of twothirds of the members present at any annual meeting, provided that the proposed amendment has been presented in writing to the Executive Committee, and the text of the proposed amendment has been sent to all members not less than one month previous to such meeting.

2. At any time within three years after the organization of the Society, the Executive Committee may request the Secretary to mail to all active members a copy of any amendment to this Constitution which may seem to them to be required. Such an amendment may be adopted by an affirmative vote by mail of two thirds of the active members of the Society.

THE PREPARATION OF COPY FOR PRINTING

INSTRUCTIONS TO CONTRIBUTORS

CONTRIBUTORS are asked to read the following pages carefully. Typescripts which fail to conform reasonably to these instructions will have to be returned to the Authors for retyping.

GEORGE MELVILLE BOLLING, Editor.
ROLAND G. KENT, Business Manager.

The Author should arrange his article (or longer work) to agree with the model furnished by recent issues of LANGUAGE and other publications of the Society. This will relieve the Editor of much labor in preparing the copy for the printer; will reduce the charges paid by the Society or by the Author for proof-corrections; will cause the Author's views to be presented more effectively; and will aid in maintaining the Society's standard of quality in its publications.

THE FOLLOWING SPECIFIC SUGGESTIONS are made; every item is the outcome of past experience, often toilsome and expensive. The Business Manager will be glad to answer inquiries on any point, or to give further advice.

I. ALL COPY must be typewritten, double-spaced throughout, with ample margins on all four sides (at least 1 inches at left); this enables corrections and directions to be inserted without destroying the legibility.

Two copies should be made, the Author retaining one; losses are rare, but they do occur. The original copy should be sent to the printer; a carbon copy is likely to become smeary and illegible, especially where there are special characters. The pages of the copy should be numbered serially in the upper right-hand corner.

The keys of the typewriter should be kept clean, and a fresh ribbon, making heavy black letters, should be used.

The paper should be of standard size (8 by 11 inches). When additions are made, do not paste parts of sheets together in such a way as to make sheets of abnormal length, but make two (or more) sheets of full size, even though neither one is filled with text. Retype any

sheets or parts of sheets that have become hard to read because of corrections or additions.

II. FOOTNOTES should be numbered consecutively within the article (or chapter of a longer work), and should be typed, double-spaced, on a sheet or series of sheets placed after the main text; they should never be typed on the same sheet with the main text. In them should go most exact references and all matter that interferes with the easy reading of the text and is not immediately essential to the argument. The reference-number in the text, as well as before the footnote itself, should be a raised numeral (not a numeral in parenthesis or with a half-parenthesis); it is helpful to write this numeral conspicuously also in the lefthand margin.

III. UNDERLINES made on the typewriter, besides being hard to alter, are likely to hit the bottoms of g j p q y and make them illegible, or to make it impossible to put in with clearness any diacritics which go under the letter. Underline with pencil, passing below all diacritics. One underline means italics.

Two underlines mean SMALL CAPITALS (Roman).

Three underlines mean LARGE CAPITALS (Roman).

Four underlines (under small letters) mean LARGE CAPITALS, italic.

One wavy underline means bold-faced type.

The pre

IV. DIACRITICS added to typed letters, handwritten special characters, and Greek characters should be written with extra care. diacritics which go over or under letters should be placed in their cise position, and not between letters. Do not reverse the comma under c in c and the like. Place in the left margin, somewhat enlarged, a drawing of any peculiar character or letter with diacritic of unusual nature.

In writing Greek, distinguish the breathings, which are curved, from the accents, which are straight lines. Draw the following letters carefully, since they are likely to be confused by the compositor:

y and λ (do not make them backward; use two strokes for each). (avoid the form

8 and

p and

(avoid the form

).
).

[blocks in formation]

When & is placed in the margin as a correction, write beside it 'Greek

delta'; otherwise the compositor will consider it the direction to delete the character which it is to replace.

V. BE CONSISTENT in the system of references, and in the use of italics, abbreviations, and punctuation.

VI. REFERENCES: Names of books, journals, and articles are to be set in Roman type, not in italics nor in quotation marks. They should not be unduly abbreviated at their first occurrence, but should be abbreviated when cited thereafter; but names of modern authors should never be abbreviated.

Avoid Roman numerals in citations; use Arabic numerals exclusively. Use a dot between numerals belonging to the same reference, and a comma or semicolon between numerals belonging to different references, according to the scheme in Aeneid 1.25, 43; 2.78 (book 1, verses 25 and 43, and book 2, verse 78).

Use a raised figure to indicate the edition of a work.
Omit useless numerals: write 343-8 rather than 343-348.

Before f. and ff. (for one or more following pages), there should be a blank space, as in 43 f., 43 ff.; but it is much better to give first and last pages (43-4, 43-55), and to avoid the use of f. and ff.

All numerals in references are understood to be volume and page, or (of classical authors) book, chapter, and section; write vol. (never merely v.) before the volume number if no page is given. If the reference is to a numbered section or paragraph, set § before the numeral. Never write p. or pp. for page or pages, unless a misunderstanding is likely to result from the omission. Never use v. for verse or for volume, nor 1. for line; they may be mistaken for Roman numerals.

Use the small 1 and not the capital I to denote the numeral one; few typewriters have the special character 1 for the numeral. If the numeral 1 occurs mixed in with words, as in transliteration of cuneiform, put a note in the margin that it is a numeral, for the compositor cannot distinguish the two uses of the typed letter 1 when in a foreign language. If in a reference the place, publisher, and year (or any of these items) should be given, set them in parentheses after the page-number.

VII. ABBREVIATIONS: note TAPA ZfDA RhM Lang. AJP Such abbreviations are not to be interrupted by dots nor by spaces, and if ending in a capital are not to be followed by a dot. Do not use op. cit., id., ib., and the like, unless the previous citation is immediately preceding.

Do not use 2. and 3. for second and third, but write 2nd and 3d.

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