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coming reward, to inherit the joy of our Lord. | these. Great indeed was the joy and wonder This will be said to every faithful servant, in heaven when our Lord condescended to Enter thou into the joy of thy Lord.' And visit this world in human form—yes, so great the joy of thy Lord,' this crown of glory that that his holy angels followed him to earth fadeth not, is the same joy that was set before him, the glory of the Father, the very and sang hyms of glory at his coming: they glory which he had with him before the world filled Bethlehem's plains with celestial light, Into this glory, by a full participation and with heavenly music sung "Glory to therein, shall every believer in Jesus be exalted. God in the highest; and on earth peace, Up to the full heights of eternal felicity shall he good-will towards men." But vain were his be carried; so that whatsoever fulness of de- coming in the likeness of sinful flesh-vain lights dwelled in and between the triune Jehovah from eternity, up to that height shall be not risen from the dead. The resurrection were his mission to earth at all if he had carried, and with that perfection of blessedness shall he be filled. It doth not yet appear what of Jesus is the chief corner-stone upon which we shall be; but we know that, when he shall the whole fabric of our faith is built. It is appear, we shall be like him; for we shall see the pillar which supports the entire struchim as he is. The head is exalted to ensure the ture of our holy religion-it is one of the future exaltation of the body. The Substitute most important links of that chain which of his people has taken his place at the right binds together the mysterious system of hand of the Father, to ensure the future recep- Christianity. If Jesus Christ had not risen tion of all his seed into the same blessedness. from the dead, we could never have salvaThey must all, at last, be one with him. They tion by faith in him-if Jesus Christ had must also be taken up into glory as he has been; and into the glory of the Father shall they be not risen from the dead, woe is unto us, bereceived. It is not created glory. It flows cause of our transgressions, we are yet in forth of no fountain. It dwells not and never our sins. To tell a believer in Jesus that dwelt in any creature. It is no reflected light, his Lord did not rise from the dead is to no borrowed lustre. It is glory from the foun- destroy all his dearest hopes, to plunge him tain, light from the Sun of eternity. It is life into unfathomable grief, to make vain his fresh flowing from the source of all life. It is trembling faith, to render the glorious man taken up into tho glory of his Maker. In the language of the prophet, it is my God thy gospel of no effect; yea, to assure him that glory.' This is the hope that is set before the all beyond the grave is blackness and darkbeliever: this is the end of his faith. Is this uess of chaotic night; that all his loved thy hope, O reader? Dost thou live as if it ones who he thought died in the Lord are were? Art thou indeed risen with Christ? perished-annihilated. O! this would be and are thy heart and affections at God's right to hurry him into despair. If Jesus did not hand, where he is? Hast thou proved to thy-rise from the dead, Satan's empire is still self till thou art satisfied that thy heart has reigning triumphant, and we are still liable hold of this treasure, by thy faith and hope and to the thunders of Sinai's broken law, love for it? Having such a hope in him, dost thou purify thyself? He also is pure. Impurity cannot inherit this glory. Flesh and blood cannot inherit this kingdom that passeth not away" (Rev. Thomas Alexander).

H. S.

THE PLACE WHERE THE LORD LAY:
A Sermon

(for Easter),

BY THE REV. HENRY WHITEHEAD,

Curate of Linton, Yorkshire.

MATT. xxviii. 6, 7.

"He is not here; for he is risen, as he said. Come, see the place where the Lord lay. And go quickly and tell his disciples that he is risen from the dead."

NEVER was a message of more importance to mankind than this contained in the words of our text: never did even the angels of God convey tidings to men more blessed than

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have no cleft in the rock in which to be hidden. For, though Jesus did die for our sins, yet are we no wise benefited unless he had risen again also for our justification.

But we need not doubt the resurrection of our crucified Lord, nor need we trace the consequences of that doubt; for the resur rection of Jesus is attested by the strongest evidence that could possibly be produced in favour of any ancient fact. No, "blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ," "he did not leave his soul in hell; he did not suffer his Holy One to see corruption." God hath fulfilled his word. The types and prophecies concerning Christ were all fulfilled the scripture was not broken the scribes and Pharisees, because which were read every sabbath-day, fulthey knew not the voices of the prophets filled them in condemning him; and God in his mysterious providence so arranged everything that even the enemies of Jesus

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enemies so bitter that they not only pursued him unto death, but even strove to take away his character after death-these

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very enemies were so overruled in their rage, as to become the most certain evidences of his rising again. Had the scribes and Pharisees known that it was their part to aid in the fulfilment of scripture concerning the resurrection of Jesus, they could not have made use of better means to accomplish the proof of it than they did. "We remember," say they to Pilate, we remember that deceiver said while he was yet alive, After three days I will rise again.' And so they determined he should not. Now that he is dead and secure, he shall remain so: there shall be no more deceptions concerning him; we will seal the stone; we will set a watch; we will make it as secure as we can. And then we will see what will become of his kingdom; then we will see what is the power of him who saved others, but could not save himself; and we will see what will be the consequence of his calling together a few ignorant fishermen and attempting to teach us; his body shall remain in our hands; and then his disciples cannot come by night and steal him away, and say unto the people that he is risen from the dead. Such was the determination of man -such was the counsel of humanity; but God disappointed the devices of the crafty, so that their hands could not perform their enterprize.

ignominious death could they trust to him any longer?

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Such were the determinations of the rulers, the scribes and Pharisees, and such were the blighted hopes, the disheartening disappointments, and trembling fears of the disciples, while the crucified Redeemer lay in silence in the tomb. But the hour was at hand when the Roman soldiers would not be the only guards at the sepulchre : the hosts of the Lord were moved, the armies of heaven were arrayed, to protect the sacred treasure. Twice the sun had gone down upon the earth; and all was yet still at the sepulchre, save the tramp of the Roman soldiery who sentinelled the grave: death, the wages of sin, still triumphed over the Son of God. Still and silent the hours passed on; the guards still kept their watch, while the rays of the midnight moon gleamed on their helmets and on their spears: the enemies of Jesus were still exulting in their success: the hearts of his friends were still sunk in despondency and in sorrow. At length the morning star, with silver ray, arising in the east, heralds the approach of day. The third day begins to dawn upon the world, when lo! the earth trembles to its centre, and the powers of heaven are shaken. An angel of God is seen at the tomb the guards shrink back from But we have just heard that the Jews the terror of his presence: his countenance feared lest the disciples of Jesus should is like lightning, and his raiment white as come by night and steal him away; and it snow: he rolls away the stone from the is most certainly true that their affection door of the sepulchre and sits upon it. for their Lord and Master was very great. Now, who is this that cometh forth from But then they had trusted that this was he that tomb with dyed garments from the who should have redeemed Israel; they had bed of death? whose is that pierced and hoped that this was he who should have bloody form, who comes forth with garfreed them from the Roman power; but ments rolled in blood ? It is he that is now he was laid in the cold silent tomb. glorious in his appearance, walking in the They had trusted that they would sit one greatness of his strength. Believer, it is on his right hand and the other on his left thy Redeemer. Though he hath trodden in his kingdom; but now all their hopes the wine-press alone, though he hath stained were vanished. They were trembling with his raiment with blood, yet he arises a conastonishment at what had happened, and queror from the grave. Death, he hath were hiding all together in an upper cham- destroyed thy sting. Grave, he hath taken ber from fear of the Jews. Yea, were they away thy victory. He has passed thy gate, not repenting that they had left all and fol- O grave, and now returns with salvation to lowed him who was now no more? Had the sons of men. Never did the returning not the two disciples who were going to sun issue on a day so glorious. Then the Emmaus given up all hope of ever seeing morning stars sang together: then all the him again? does not their conversation sons of God shouted for joy: then the with our Lord sound as if they were en-Father of mercies looked down from his tirely disappointed? That they never expected he would rise again is evident from their embalming his body. What object, then, could they have in stealing his body, and, more, to make use of it for deception? Their hopes and fears with regard to him were all built on earthly glory; and now that he had suffered an

throne in heaven, and with satisfaction beheld his work restored; he saw of the travail of his Son's soul, and was satisfied; he saw the entire work was finished, and was very good. Yes, he is risen, and the empty tomb proclaims his conquering arm: he is risen, and worthy is the Lamb that was slain; he is risen to receive power and

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Yes, he is risen indeed! Come, see the place where the Lord lay: view another time the valley of the shadow of death: see again how low our sins brought him: contemplate once more the cost of your soul's salvation: consider his blood-stained robe, by which he purchased the garments of righteousness. Come, see the place where Lord lay, the Lord omnipotent, the mighty God, the Son of God, in a tomb, in the dust of death, a borrowed tomb. O my God, what was in man that thou so visitedst him? or the Son of Man that thou wast so delivered for his offences, and raised again for his justification? Come, see the place where the Lord lay: see his enemies baffled: see their plans overthrown. Where is now their great stone to secure him? very rocks themselves were rent. Where is now their seal? where is now their guard and watch? How vain the thought that they could confine him, who had the keys of hell and death, though he lay sealed up in another's grave. Come, see the place where the Lord lay. Look around on the grave-clothes; all is left in order; there was no haste; he rose when the fulness of time was come, and leisurely laid aside the badges of his humiliation. See the napkin wrapped together and laid in a place by itself the napkin that bound his head, that blessed head, which the thorns had bruised. O he has done all things well; he has led captivity captive. When the tyrant death plunged his spear into our Lord's side, he lost it; for our Lord took it away, and triumphed over it as he rose from the grave. He could well say, "O death, where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory P" Come, my soul, see the place where the Lord lay, and behold in that empty tomb the sure pledge of thine own glorious resurrection.

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all his professions, after all his eagerness in drawing the sword on my behalf, Peter who denied me, his Lord and Master, Peter who foreswore me. Tell him that I remember him, and assure him that his sin has been forgiven." O how great is the love of Jesus even for his unfaithful friends! O repeat that the Lord is risen, and that he is still compassionate and will pardon. Let it be known that, though he has gained the victory over death and hell and the grave, and is crowned conqueror, King of kings, and Lord of lords, yet still he does not disdain to call his disciples, his sinning dis ciples, "brethren." Though he is highly exalted, yet will he still forgive sin; he will pardon guilt. Let the sound go out into all lands, and these words to the ends of the world, "Jesus has risen, and has forgiven Simon." Tell it out among the brothers that Jesus is risen, and is ready to pardon. Carry the news to earth's farthest verge: spread the tidings at the poles, where the poor Icelander shivers amidst mountains of eternal snow: let it be heard on the burning sands of Africa, where the poor benighted son of Ham bows down and wor ships the trees and rocks of his native land. Carry this message to the shores of classic elegance, and sound this report in the regions of uncivilized humanity: let it be known to man that Jesus died for his sins, and has risen again for his justification; and, above all, tell him that our risen-again Saviour will abundantly pardon.

Is it not assuring to reflect on the boundless compassion of our Lord, on the abun dant mercy of Jesus? to think that the very first offer of grace and pardon should be made to Peter, who had so shamefully denied him? But it was so offered not only to Peter, but also to all the Jews, who had, of all people, done most despite to him. It was ordered that repentance and remission of sins must be preached, beginning first at Jerusalem. It is as if our risen Lord had said "Let them that struck the rock drink first of its refreshing streams, and they that drew my blood be first welcome to its healing virtue!" O what mercy can be greater than this? what compassion can exceed this?

Yes; "Come, see the place where the Lord lay. And go quickly, and tell his disciples that he is risen from the dead." And how shall we apply these things to "Go unto my brethren-my brethren still- ourselves? Shall we not accept his free though they forsook me and fled: go, tell pardon for the past, and strive to serve him them that I am risen from the dead." And, more faithfully for the future? Shall we as we read in St. Mark: "Go your ways; not begin to-day to rise more determinedly tell his disciples, and Peter (or, as the ori- from the death of sin unto the life of ginal will admit, especially Peter). Go righteousness? Shall we not this Eastershow my compassion to all my disciples, day begin to live less to sin and more to and especially to Peter, Peter who followed him that loved us and gave himself for us? me afar off, after all his protestations, after O come nearer to your risen Saviour this

day. Again, he promises pardon to the repentant. Do you feel that you are not worthy of such a Saviour? that you are not deserving of such mercy? that through your sin and wickedness you are sore let and hindered in running the race that is set before you? Well, then, Jesus died for you, Jesus rose again for you. And O! by the power of his resurrection, may he enable you to believe in him more firmly, to love him more truly, to obey him more faithfully, and to confess him more boldly. And may "the God of peace, that brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, that great Shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant, make you perfect in every good work to do his will, working in you that which is well-pleasing in his sight; through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory for over and ever. Amen."

THE YEAR 1869: ITS PRIVILEGES AND ITS
DUTIES.

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sought in earnest importunate prayer; and there then is no presumption, there is only just confidence, in the hope that, being divinely obedience, we shall be privileged hereafter, enabled to glorify God here by an imperfect through the merits of his Son, to pay the richer tribute of unwearied praise and unbroken consecration. Ere the year close we may be required to tread the dark mountains. But our feet shall not stumble: we shall find them on the delectable mountains which hem round "the city which hath foundations, whose builder and maker is God" (Melvill).

READING, THE SOLACE OF TOIL.

Or all the amusements which can possibly be toil, or in its intervals, there is nothing like imagined for a hard-working man, after his daily reading an entertaining book, supposing him to have a taste for it, and supposing him to have the book to read. It calls for no bodily exertion, of which he has had enough, or too much. It relieves his home of its dulness and sameness, which, in nine cases out of ten, is what drives him out to the alehouse, to his own ruin lier and gayer and more diversified and interestand his family's. It transports him into a liveing scene; and, while he enjoys himself there, he may forget the evils of the present moment the great advantage of finding himself the next fully as much as if he were ever so drunk, with day with his money in his pocket, or at least

laid out in real necessaries and comforts for himself and his family, and without a headache. Nay, it accompanies him to his next day's work, and, if the book he has been reading be any thing above the very idlest and lightest, gives him something to think of besides the mere mochanical drudgery of his every-day occupation; something he can enjoy while absent, and look forward with pleasure to return to.

Ir may not be in vain that we have been spared to begin another year, though in strict justice we might long ago have been cut down as cumberers of the ground. It may not be in vain that we are still kept within the range of mercy that the spiritual husbandman is still permitted to dig about the vine which as yet hath yielded so little, if indeed any fruit. We are not yet on the dark mountains: it may be, we are proaching them. The old must be approaching them; the young may be approaching them. But if we seem to behold them on the horizon-the gloomy frowning masses-still the Sun of Righteousness hath not yet gone down on our firmament; still there needs nothing but the looking in faith unto Jesus, "delivered for our offences, and raised again for our justification," tunate in the choice of his book, and to have But, supposing him to have been really forand the beams of that Sun shall edge, as with a line of gold, the dark and dreaded rampart, or alighted upon one really-good, and of a good rather throw a transparency into the stern bar-class, what a source of domestic enjoyment is rier, so that it shall seem to us to melt into the garden of hope, the land where the river of life is ever flowing, and the tree of life is ever waving. May God grant it!

I stand amongst you at the commencement of a new year, as amongst those who are all sealed for death, and I bear on my own forehead the same printed sentence. Already on those dark mountains, which we all have to pass, I seem to hear the chariot-wheels of the Judge. He comes. Great God, and is the day of probation at an end? Is all over? Is there no more time for repentance? Not so! not so! The night indeed "cometh, when no man can work;" but this is a reason not for the sitting still in despair, but for the labouring in hope. Therefore, "while it is called To-day," evil habits, let us seek to break free from them; passions, lusts, let us strive to withstand them; injurious friendships, let us be bold and dissolve them; the bible, let it be diligently searched; the aids of God's Spirit, let them be

laid open! what a bond of family union! He may read it aloud, or make his wife read it, or his eldest boy or girl, or pass it round from hand to hand. All have the benefit of it: all contribute to the gratification of the rest; and a feeling of common interest and pleasure is excited. Nothing unites people like companionship in intellectual enjoyment. It does more, it gives them mutual respect, and to each among them self-respect, that corner-stone of all virtue. It furnishes to each the master-key by which he may avail himself of his privilege as an intellectual being to

"Enter the sacred temple of his breast, And gaze and wonder there, a ravish'd guest, Wander through all the glories of his mind, Gaze upon all the treasures he shall find." And, while thus leading him to look within his own bosom for the ultimate sources of his happiness, it warns him, at the same time, to be cautious how he defiles and desecrates that inward and most glorious of temples.

If I were to pray for a taste which should stand me in stead, under every variety of circumstances, and be a source of happiness and cheerfulness to me through life, and a shield against its ills, however things might go amiss, and the world frown upon me, it would be a taste for reading. I speak of it, of course, only as a wordlly advantage, and not in the slightest degree as superseding or derogating from the higher office and surer and stronger panoply of religious principles, but as a taste, an instrument, and a node of pleasurable gratification. Give a man this taste, and the means of gratifying it, and you can hardly fail of making him a happy man, unless, indeed, you put into his hands a most perverse selection of books. You place him in contact with the best society in every period of history, with the wisest, the wittiest, with the tenderest, the bravest, and the purest characters who have adorned humanity. You make him a denizen of all nations, a contemporary of all ages. There is a gentle but perfectly-irresistible coercion in the habit of reading, well directed, over the whole tenor of a man's character and conduct, which is not the less effectual because it works insensibly, and because it is really the last thing he dreams of. It civilizes the conduct of men, and suffers them not to remain barbarous (Sir John Herschel).

ENGLAND AND THE POPE'S DOMINATION.

THE SUPREMACY OF THE BRITISH SOVEREIGNS ASSERTED AND MAINTAINED AT ALL TIMES*.

AGAINST the assumptions of the papacy the su premacy of the crown of England has ever been maintained, and the resistance of the nation has been shown at different times to the aggressions of the papacy on its independence in matters civil and ecclesiastical. The ancient British church never acknowledged the supremacy of the bishop of Rome. The supreme direction of religious as well as of civil affairs was maintained by our Anglo-Saxon kings as their undisputed prerogative. Edgar, who reigned from A.D. 959 to 975, styled himself "The Vicar of Christ;" and the laws of Edward the Confessor declared "that, as the vicar of the Supreme King, his duty called him to

rule the church of God."

The growth of the papal power in England was gradual; and it was not till after the Norman conquest (A.D. 1066) that the pope began to send his legates hither. Pope Alexander II. having favoured and supported William, duke of Normandy, in his invasion and conquest of England, took occasion therefrom to enlarge his encroachments. But William made the following answer to a succeeding pope's legate, A.D. 1078: "Religious father, your legate, Hubert, coming unto me, admonished me in your behalf, inasmuch as I should do fealty to you and your successors. Fealty I would not do, nor will I because I never promised it, neither do I find that my * From "A Pastoral for the Times." Cambridge: Met

1869.

predecessors ever did it to your predecessors." His successors of the Norman, the Plantagenet, and the Tudor line, constantly resisted the usurpation of Rome.

In the long reign of Edward III. (A.D. 1327 to 1377) the parliament unanimously agreed "that the grant of the kingdom by king John to pope Innocent III. was null and void; that it was made without the concurrence of parliament, and in violation of the king's coronation oath." And the temporal lords and commons engaged "that, if the pope should attempt, by process or otherwise, to maintain such usurpation, they would resist and withstand him with all their power." Moreover, the pope was declared to be the common enemy of the king and the realm."

On the accession of Henry IV. (A.D. 1399 to 1413) it was declared "that neither the pope nor any other prince or potentate ought or may intrude himself or intermeddle with the rule or government of the land."

In the reign of Henry VI. (A.D. 1422 to 1461), Chicheley, archbishop of Canterbury, refused to consecrate a bishop for a diocese in England, nominated by pope Eugenius IV. Chicheley also refused to obey pope Martin V., when he required the archbishop's influence and ser vices to get the statute of præmunire repealed. His refusal so exasperated the pope that he is sued a bull to suspend the archbishop from his office. The house of commons presented an address to the king that he would send an ambassador forthwith to the pope, to justify the con duct of the archbishop. In the letter which the king sent to the pope are the following memor able words: "Be it known to your holiness that while I live, by God's assistance, the au thorities and usages of the kingdom of England shall never be diminished. But even, if I were willing so to debase myself (which God forbid), my nobles and the whole people of England will by no means suffer it."

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1547), after his quarrel with the pope on the In the reign of Henry VIII. (A.D. 1509 to subject of his marriage, he ordered his divines to examine what authority the pope had in England, either by the law of God, or the prac tice of the primitive church, or the law of the land." And after a long and accurate search in ancient records, they found "that the pope had no authority at all in England, either by the laws of God, or by the laws or practice of the primitive church, or by the laws of the land." Upon this was passed the act 24 Hen. VIII., c. 12, in which there is recited: "By sundry and authentic histories and chronicles it is manifestly declared and expressed that this realm of England is an empire, aud so hath been accepted in the world, governed by one supreme head and king, having dignity and royal estate of the imperial crown of the same; unto whom a body politic, compact of all sorts and degrees spirituality and temporality, being bounden of people, divided in terms and by names of and owen to bear next unto God a natural and humble obedience; he being also furnished by the goodness and sufferance of Almighty God, with plenary, whole, and entire power, preeminence, authority, prerogative, and jurisdic

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