Moreover, a period of 6 months

nation which they may select. shall be granted them, if they ask for it, for the arrangement of their affairs, the sale of their goods, or for doing what they please with their property; and during such period of 6 months they shall have full liberty and perfect security for their persons and property, without any interference, injury, or hindrance in any way, by reason of such war; and the Governors or authorities shall assist and help them in the arrangement of their affairs, and attend them in the recovery of the debts due to them, without delay, dispute, or postponement. In like manner, all this shall be granted to the subjects of the Sultan of Morocco in all the dominions of the Queen of Great Britain.

XXXVII. This Treaty shall be declared and made public to the subjects of both parties, lest any one of them should remain ignorant of its conditions, and copies shall be prepared and sent to the Governors and men of authority who are entrusted with the revenue and the expenditure; and also to all the seaports and the captains of cruizers belonging to the Sultan of Morocco.

XXXVIII. The present Treaty shall be ratified by Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, and by His Majesty the Sultan of Morocco, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Tangier, as soon as possible within 4 months from the date hereof.

When the ratifications of the present Treaty, and of the Convention of Commerce and Navigation, which has also been concluded this day between the High Contracting Parties, shall have been exchanged, the stipulations of the said Treaty and Convention shall come into immediate operation, and shall be substituted for the stipulations of preceding Treaties between Great Britain and Morocco.

In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Treaty, and have affixed thereto their respective seals.

Done at Tangier, the 9th day of December, in the year 1856, corresponding to the Moorish date of the 10th day of the month of Rabbea the 2nd, in the year 1273.

(L.S.) J. H. DRUMMOND HAY.

(Arabic signature of)

(L.S.) SEED MOHAMED KHATEEB,

CONVENTION of Commerce and Navigation between Great Britain and Morocco.-Signed at Tangier, December 9, 1856.*

HER Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the Sultan of Morocco and Fez, being desirous to extend and improve the relations of commerce and navigation which exist between their respective dominions and subjects, have resolved to conclude a special Convention for that purpose, and have named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say:

Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, John Hay Drummond Hay, Esquire, Her Chargé d'Affaires and Consul-General at the Court of His Majesty the Sultan of Morocco and Fez;

And His Majesty the Sultan of Morocco and Fez, Seed Mohamed Khateeb, His Commissioner for Foreign Affairs;

Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, have agreed upon and concluded the following Articles:

ART. I. There shall be reciprocal freedom of commerce between the British dominions and the dominions of the Sultan of Morocco. The subjects of Her Britannic Majesty may reside in and trade to any port of the territories of the Sultan of Morocco to which any other foreigners are or shall be admitted.

They shall be permitted to hire houses, and to build houses, stores, or warehouses, as stipulated in Article IV of the general Treaty of this date.

They shall enjoy full protection for their persons and properties, as specified in Article IV of the General Treaty: they shall be allowed to buy from, and to sell to, whom they like, all articles not prohibited in Article II of this Convention, either by wholesale or retail, at all places in the Moorish dominions, without being strained or prejudiced by any monopoly, contract, or exclusive privilege of purchase or sale whatever, except the articles of export and those of import enumerated in Article II; and they shall, moreover, enjoy all other rights and privileges which hereafter may be granted to any other foreigners, subjects, or citizens of the most favoured nation.

The subjects of the Sultan of Morocco shall, in return, enjoy in the dominions of Her Britannic Majesty the same protection and privileges which are or may be enjoyed by the subjects or citizens of the most favoured nation.

II. The Sultan of Morocco engages to abolish all monopolies or prohibitions on imported goods, except tobacco, pipes of all kinds Signed in the English and Arabic languages.

used for smoking, opium, sulphur, powder, saltpetre, lead, arms of all kinds, and ammunition of war; and further to abolish all monopolies of agricultural produce, or of any other article whatsoever in the dominions of the Sultan, except leeches, bark, tobacco, and other herbs used for smoking in pipes.

III. No tax, toll, duty, or charge whatsoever, beside the export duty hereinafter mentioned shall, under any pretext or on any account, be imposed by any person whatsoever, in any part of the dominions of Morocco, upon or in respect of any goods or produce whatsoever which may have been purchased for exportation by or on behalf of any British subject; but the said goods or produce, when so purchased, shall be conveyed from any place in Morocco to, and embarked from, any port therein, absolutely free and exempt from all other taxes, tolls, duties, or charges whatsoever. No permit, or any similar document, shall be requisite to enable them to be so conveyed or embarked, nor shall any officer or subject of the Sultan offer any impediment to, or lay any restriction on, the conveyance or embarkation of such goods (except those goods or produce which the Sultan of Morocco shall prohibit from being exported, as arranged in Article V), or, on any pretext, demand or receive any money in respect or on account of such goods; and should any such officer or subject act contrary to this stipulation, the Sultan shall immediately punish with severity the Governor, officer, or other subject who shall have been guilty of such misconduct, and render full justice to British subjects for all injuries or losses which they may duly prove themselves to have suffered thereby.

IV. The subjects of Her Britannic Majesty within the dominions of His Majesty the Sultan shall be free to manage their own affairs themselves, or to commit those affairs to the management of any persons whom they may appoint as their broker, factor, or agent, nor shall such British subjects be restrained in their choice of persons to act in such capacities; nor shall they be called upon to pay any salary or remuneration to any person whom they shall not choose to employ; but those persons who shall be thus employed, and who are subjects of the Sultan of Morocco, shall be treated and regarded as other subjects of the Moorish dominions. Absolute freedom shall be given in all cases to the buyer and seller to bargain together, and no interference on the part of the Sultan's officers shall be permitted. Should any Governor or other officer interfere in the bargains between British and Moorish subjects, or place any impediments in the lawful purchase or sale of goods or merchandize imported into, or to be exported from, the Sultan's dominions, His Sherifian Majesty shall severely punish the said officer for such misconduct.

V. Should the Sultan of Morocco at any time think proper to

prohibit the exportation of any kind of grain or other article of commerce from his dominions, British subjects shall in no manner be prevented from embarking all the grain or other articles which they may have in their magazines, or which may have been bought previously to the said prohibition; but they shall be allowed to continue to export all they may have in their possession, during the term of 6 months from the time the prohibition was publicly made known; but on the day when the order of the Sultan of Morocco regarding the prohibition shall arrive, and shall be published to the merchants, British subjects shall, within the term of 2 days, declare and give proofs of the amount of produce they shall possess in their stores, on which the prohibition is imposed, and they shall also present legal certificates regarding the amount of the said produce which they shall have bought in the interior, or elsewhere, previously to the promulgation of the order for the prohibition. No prohibition, either as to the exportation or importation of any article, shall apply to British subjects, unless such prohibition shall apply to subjects of every other nation.

VI. Merchandize or goods, except the articles enumerated in Article II, imported by British subjects in any vessel, or from any country, shall not be prohibited in the territories of the Sultan of Morocco, nor be subject to higher duties than are levied on the same kind of merchandize or goods imported by the subjects of any other foreign Power, or by native subjects, after the date of this Convention.

All articles, except those enumerated in Article II, the produce of Morocco, may be exported therefrom by British subjects in any vessels, on as favourable terms as by the subjects of any other foreign country, or by native subjects.

VII. In consideration of the favourable terms upon which the produce of Morocco is admitted into the territories of Her Britannic Majesty, and with a view to the extension of commercial intercourse between Great Britain and Morocco, for their mutual advantage, His Majesty the Sultan of Morocco hereby agrees that the duties to be levied on all articles imported into the territories of His Majesty by British subjects, shall not exceed 10 per cent. in cash on their value, at the port of their disembarkation; and that the duties to be levied on all articles exported from the territories of His Majesty by British subjects, shall not exceed in amount the duties marked in the following tariff:

The Sultan of Morocco has the right of prohibiting any article of exportation; but when a prohibition on any article shall be imposed, it shall be in conformity with what is arranged in Article V ; but upon the exportation of articles the prohibition of which shall be taken off, the duties noted in the tariff shall alone be paid. With regard to wheat and barley, should the Sultan think proper to prohibit the exportation of these articles, but should desire to sell to merchants the grain which belongs to Government, it shall be sold at the price the Sultan thinks proper to impose. Should the