are two uncouth terms applied by certain other writers and fpeakers. In fome parts of Europe we have been diftinguished as AngloAmericans; and this appellation is in fome refpects worse, and in no refpect better, than either of the others. What are we to do? Are we never to have a geographical distinction? Is the land to be for ever called United States, and its people United States men? And even then, on a fuppofition that the union fhould ceafe, muft the region it occupies be nameless? It is in the power of the people to find and adopt fitting names for their country and themselves, by common confent. Thefe ought to be expreflive, concife, nervous, and poetical. And any new word poffeffing thefe qualities, may ferve to defignate this part of the planet we inhabit: from fuch a word, as a radical term, all others proper for diftinguishing the people, &c. may be derived. To fupply this fad deficiency in our geographical and national nomenclature, the following project is refpectully fubmitted to the confideration of our map-makers, engravers, printers, legiflators, and men of letters. The authors of it are citizens of the United States, and are zealous for their prosperity, honour, and reputation. They with them to poffefs a name among the nations of the earth. They lament that hitherto, and at prefent, the country is deflitute of one. Let the extent of land ceded to our nation by the treaty of 1783, be distinguished henceforward on charts, globes, and in elementary books, by the name of FREDON: the etymology of this is obvious and agreeable; it may mean a free gift, or any thing done freely, or the land of free privileges and do ing. This is the proper term to be employed in all grave, folemn, and profe compofitions, and in ordinary converfation. It is better adapted than Albion is to England. If, however, any of the favourites of the Mufes defire a poetical name for this tract of earth, it is eafy to fupply them with one which founds and pronounces to great advantage. Such an one is FREDONIA, which will meet the ear more excellently than Italia, Gallia, Parthia, Hifpania, Germania, or even Britannia itself-America and Co. lumbia will retain their prefent fignification of extending to the whole weltern hemifphere. The citizens and inhabitants of the United States, when spoken of generally, without reference to any particular fate, may be known and diftinguished as FazDONIANS; and that fuch a perfon bring afked in Europe, or any other part of the world, from what country he comes or to what, nation he belongs, may correctly and precifely anfwer that he is a Fredoman. And this will meet the ear much more nubly than a Frenchman, Spaniard, u Portuguese, a Turk, and the * Again, a monofyllablic name is perfectly eafy to be obtained from the fame root; and to him who thinks the laft word too long or lofty, it will be wholly at his option to call himself FREDE; and in this refpect he will put himself on a par with a Mede and a Swede. Moreover, fhould an adjective be defired to qualify expreffions and facilitate difcourfe, there is fuch a thing immediately ready for ufe in FREDISH; and thereby we can fpeak of a Fredifh fhip, or a Fredith man, or a Fredifh manufacture or production, after the fame manner, and according to the fame rule, by which we employ the adjectives British, Spanish, Danish, Turkish, and the like. Thus, our nation is in poffeffion of a profaic word for its whole territory, Fredon; a poetical word for the fame, Fredonia; a grave and fonorous generic title for its people, property, and relations, Fredonian; a fhort and colloquial appellation, Frede; and a convenient univerfal epithet. Fredifh. A language fo rich and copious is fcarcely to be found; and it is hoped our citizens will make the most of it. In cafe any of our countrymen should with to exprefs himself according to this novel dialect, the following is offered as an example, alluding to a recent fubject of pubiic difcuffion. It "It has been a favourite object with a certain clafs of men to involve Fredon in a war with Spain, France, or both of them, about the right of depofit on the Miffilippi. The outrageous conduct of the intendant at New Orleans was indeed very provoking; but the Fredonian fpirit, though roused by just indignation, was too temperate and magnanimous to rush immediately to arms. was thought most wife and politic for the alminiftration to attempt a negociation in the first inftance; and accordingly, one of the Fredifh thips was ordered to be got in readinefs to carry an envoy extraordinary from America to Europe. Should war become neceffary for the national honour and fecurity, our public enemies will find to their forrow that the Fredes will make brave foldiers and gallant failors. Never will they quit the hardy conteft until their deeds fhall be worthy of being recorded in immortal verfe, equally honourable to the bards and the heroes of Fredonia." The radical word is also well adapted to fongs and rhymes. And this is a great convenience and felicity in a national point of view. Obferve, how prettily our poets can make it jingle: for inftaner, if the subject is warlike, then ** Their chiefs to glory lead on Or, if it is moral fublimity, ** Nor Plato, in his Phadon, Should Should it be commercial activity, "All nations have agreed on The enterprize of Fredon." Perhaps it may refer to our exports; why then "The Portuguese may feed on The wheat and maize of Fredon." And, indeed, if it is his defire to ejaculate in a serious strain, it may be written "In this fair land of Fredon May right and justice be done." We give these as famples of what may be accomplished in this way; adding, that the poet may eafily contrast his country with It may be defirable to celebrate our agricul- Sweden, or compare it to Eden, if he is puz ture, as in the following diftich, "No land fo good as Fredon To scatter grain and feed on.' On the fuppofition that a swain wishes to compliment his country-women, he may inform them that "The graceful nymphs of Fredon zled for a rhyme. On the whole, we recommend these words to the ferious confideration and speedy adoption of our fellow-citizens: that our common and beloved portion of the earth may thereby acquire a name, and be famous among the nations. MEMOIRS OF EMINENT PERSONS. MRS. CHARLTOTE SMITH. SKETCH of the Life of this ce liar vein of humour, which rendered him of fociety. Her mother, Alebrated, and much lamented lady, whofe maiden name was Towers, was as was intended to have been inferted in this work for the month of November, but the friend who undertook to fupply it was prevented by accidental circumftances from fulfilling his intention, and it has confequently been postponed. Three accounts of the Life and Writings of Mrs. Smith have appeared; one, fome years previous to her diffolution, in the Third Volume of Public Characters, and two fince; the firft, very imperfectly executed in the European Magazine for the Mouth of November, and the fecond, in the first number of a new work entitled Cenfura Literaria, by Samuel Egerton Bridges, Efq., whofe elegant pen has paid a juft tribute to the genius, literary talents, and private virtues of the deceafed; and the intention of her family has already been announced of publishing her Memoirs on a more enlarged plan, with a felection of her correfpondence; it would therefore be anticipating the pleasure the public are likely to receive from fo defirable and interefting a piece of Biography, were we here to enter into a minute detail of circumstances; and it is hoped this reafon, combining with other confiderations, will apologize for the brevity of the prefent article. Mrs. Smith was the eldest daughter of Nicholas Turner, Efq., a gentleman of fortune, who inherited confiderable eftates, in the counties of Surry and Suffex. He was a man of very fuperior talents, remarkable for the brilliancy of his wit, his powers of converfation, and a peca diftinguithed by the graces of her mind, as by a perfon of exquifite beauty; but this lady died in childbed before her eldest daughter had attained her fourth year, and the care of her perfon devolved on an aunt, the fifter of her deceased mother. Mr. Turner early discovered fuch indications of genius in the infant mind of his child, that he determined no expence fhould be fpared in the cultivation of thofe talents which the feemed to have inherited from both her parents; and therefore beftowed on her what was thought the best education. She was placed in one of the most diftinguished seminaries in the neighbourhood of London; and, on quitting fchool, which the did at an early age, the was attended by various mafters: and, if expence conftituted a good education, the may be faid to have received the beft that could have been given; but Mrs. Smith frequently regretted, that in the conduct of it fo little judgment was fhewn, and that the time loft in the attainment of fuperficial accomplishments was not employed in more ufeful ftudies, in the acquirement of languages, and ftill more, that fo little attention was paid to enforce those important principles which fortify the mind, and enables it to firuggle against the ine vitable evils of life. Her father was himfelf a poet, and encouraged this talent in his daughter, who, as the tells us in one of her laft works, compofed verfes at a very early age; but her aunt had imbibed an opinion, that learning disqualified women for for their own peculiar duties, and was in general unfavourable to their establishment in life, and obferved with great difapprobation this turn of mind, and the paffion of her niece for reading, and prohibited her from fo employing her time, without however taking any effectual meafure to prevent her gratifying this tafte; fo that he had always the power of carrying on her contraband ftudies, and every book that came in her way, the devoured with avidity, and with little difcrimination. By this means the acquired a mafs of defultory knowledge, which, by exciting her curiofity, led her on at a fubfequent period in purfuit of more perfect information. Her father, having fold his Surry ettates, divided his time between his houfe in Suffex and one he took in London; and his daughter was early introduced into fociety, partook of all the amufement and dilipation her father and aunt engaged in, and entered into them with that eagernefs natural to a young perfon; and as her very fine form had attained the ftature of a woman, fhe wore the drefs of one, and it has been faid that her father received propofals for her, at the early age of thirteen, from a gentleman who had feen her at a public affembly, and was ftruck with the charms of her figure-an offer which was declined on account of her extreme youth. It had been happy, had a reafon fo fubftantial operated a few years longer; but before fhe was fixteen, he was married to the younger fon of Richard Smith, efq., who was a Weft India merchant of much eminence, and this fon was affociated in the father's butinefs. After having been accuftomed to the most boundless indulgence from her own family, (and to her aunt every with and caprice of hers was a law,) the was fuddenly involved in houthold cares, tranfplanted into a foil totally ungenial to her habits, and repug nant to her tafte, and became fubject to the will of a man who, far from poffeffing the power of regulating the conduct of a wife fcarcely emerged from childhood, knew not how to govern himself. From this fatal marriage, which had been brought about by the officioufnefs of frends, and which was by no means the effect of attachment on either fide, as both appeared to have been talked into it by the intermeddling of thofe fhort-fighted politicians, all the future misfortunes of the fubject of thefe pages originated: an uncle of Mrs. Smith was the only perfon of the family who feemed to have had common fenfe on this occafion; he faw, MONTHLY MAG, No. 155. and foretold all the mifery that would infallibly refult from an union, in which neither the habits, nor the temper of the parties had been confidered; when nei ther were arrived at a time of life, to afcertain or appreciate the character of each other; but most unfortunately he had not fufficient weight to induce thofe, who faw this connection in a different view, to break off the negociation. Mr. Turner was on the point of marrying a fecond wife, who, although the exacted much confideration in confequence of her large fortune, had little claim to it from her perfonal qualities, and whofe authority a grown-up daughter, who had never been accustomed to controul, would moft probably have refifted: he confequently felt no reluctance in clofing with propofals, which relieved him from the apprehenfions he entertained, and this marriage took place on the 22d. of February, 1765! The refidence of the young people was in a very disgusting part of the city,, from whence they removed in the courfe of two years; the death of their first child, and the effect this first affliction had on a young mother, so endangered her health, and that of her fecond child, whom the nurfed, and who was born on the fame day its brother expired, that it was found abfolutely neceffary to remove them to purer air and a lefs melancholy abode. The village of Southgate was chofen for this purpose, where Mrs. Smith's excellent conftitution enabled her to recover from her indifpofition; and her understanding in time fubdued the forrow which the had firft given way to, with an excefs natural to a inind of fuch acute fenfibility; in this quiet fpot, fhe had now more command of her time, and the use of a good library, and the power, from being inuch alone, of following thofe purfuits to which the was attached, enabled her to form her taste and devote her thoughts to intellectual improvement: but this produced one unfortunate refult, it opened her eyes to thofe defects he had hitherto been unwilling to fee; yet, although he could no longer be blind to them herself, the eudeavoured to conceal them from the obfervation of others, and, in her own behaviour towards her husband, tried to give him that confequence, which the was confcious he was little entitled to. His inattention to bufinefs was extremely difpleafing to his father, and the increafe of the family making a larger houfe neceflary, their next refidence was within five miles of London; and it was hoped the Smith did not in the hour of distress defert her husband, but flared in the mifery he had brought on himself, and exerted the powers of her mind with fuch indefatigable zeal, that, after the space of a few months, the fucceeded in difentangling him from his immediate embarrallinents, and the property was vefted in the hands of trustees, two of them gentlemen con nected with Mr. Smith's family, high in fituation and affluent in circumstances. It was foon after thefe events, that Mrs. Smith thought of collecting fuch poems as the had originally written for her amufement; they were first offered to Dodley and refufed; they were afterwards fhewn to Dilly in the Poultry, who alfo declined having any thing to do with them. It has been feen with what degrce of judgment thefe decitions were made: through the intereft of Mr. Hayley, they were at length printed by Dodley on Mrs. Smith's account, and the ra the many hours which had been loft, in going to and from Southgute would now be retrieved by a clofer application. to his duties: but thefe hopes were fallacious; the time which thould have been occupied in the counting-houfe or on the exchange, in keeping up or extending commercial connections, was frittered away in trifling but expentive purfuits; and Mrs. Smith, ever fanguine, fondly imagined it more advantageous to her family to retire into the country, and give up the bufinefs to the prudent management of her father-in-law, who,equally tired with his fon's inability and improvident conduct, acceded to this propofal, and confented to purchafe an eftate in Hampshire, called Lys Farm, on which was a very handfome new-built mantion, fufficiently commodious for a more extenfive eftablishment than that of Mr. Smith. But he had no fooner removed thither, than he began enlarging the houfe, and making additions to the gar-pid fale, and almoft immediate demand den and offices on an extenfive plan; his agricultural purfuits became expensive and ruinous in proportion to his inexperience; and Mrs. Smith foon found, that, although her taite for rural scenery, and for a more elegant fociety was gratified by the change of fituation; yet her domeftic comforts were by no means increased, and the had only bartered one fpecies of mifery for another. Here the lott her eldelt fon, a boy of very fuperior intellect, and who proinifed to partake much of his mother's genius: this was a deep affliction to his mother; he did not long furvive his grandfather, the father of Mr. Smith, whofe death was far from being an advantage to his daughter-inlaw, for in him the loft a leady and atfectionate friend, who had always her intereft and happiness at heart. He left a very large property among his grandchildren, of which there were feveral, bendes the eight children of his youngest fon; but his will was fo extremely prolix and confufed, that no two lawyers under flood it; in the fame manner, from whence the truftees appointed by it, refuled to net, and Mr. Smith becaine, as principal executor, poflefed of the entire management of thefe extenfive concerns, in the conduft, of which be acted with fo little cantion, and fo little to the fatisfaction of the feveral collateral branches of the family concerned, that they felt themselves conpelled to appeal to the law. As the coufequences that ensued have been already detailed, let it fuffice to fav, that Mrs. See Third Volume of Public Characters. for a fecond edition, futficiently justified the author's confidence in her own powers, and encouraged her to proceed in a line, which,as it might render her in a great degree independent of the perfons who had now the management of the affairs, contributed to divert her thoughts, and to lead her mind into the vifionary regions of fancy, rendering the fad realities the was fullering under, in fome measure lefs poignant. The ftill encreafing derange ment of Mr. Smith's affairs foon after obliged him to leave England, and in the autumn of 1784, he cftablished his family in a gloomy and inconvenient chateau inf Normandy, very injudicioully chofen nine miles from any town; his wife's fufferings in this very inconvenient and comfurtle's fituation, where the gave birth to her youngest child, were fuch, that few wo men could have borne with fortitude: but her admirable mind and perfevenog fpirit ftill fupported her; and again lite rary purfuits ferved to lighten her cares during the very fevere winter which hap pened that year; and when her health would not admit of her going out, the tranflated into English, the novel of Ma non l'Efeaut, by the Abbé Prevoff. It was afterwards published, and cenfured as being immoral; but the fact was, it fell necidentally in her way when he had not much opportunity of felection, and at a time when the eagerly fought for any refource to mitigate her anxieties. In the spring of 1785, the family returned to England, and foon after refided in the Ancient mansion then belonging to Sir Charles Charles Mill, at Woollading, now the refidence of Lord Robert Spencer, and of which parish the father of Otway the poet had been rector; a circumfiance which rendered it claffic ground to Mrs. Smith, and infpired thofe beautiful fonnets in which his name is fo happily in troduced; here alfo the tranflated thofe very intereking extracts from Les Caujes Celebres which have been to defervedly wimired, and which was a molt difficult undertaking from the fingularity of the wors, and the obfcurity of the law-terms. Again it became necellary for Mrs. Smith to exert her fortitude, when the parted from her eldeft fon, who had been appointed to a writership in Bengal; and when the fecond was fiatched from her by a rapid and malignant fever, which more or lefs affected the whole family, and which carried him off after an illness of three days. Other domeftic calamities, infupportable to a fpirit like hers, overtook her very foon afterwards; and circumfiances which delicacy forbids us to detail, determined her to quit her hufband's houfe, and withdraw with most of her children to a fmall cottage ucar Chichefer a step approved of by her friends, and which he was fully juftified in taking in the opinion of thofe who knew the true motives which induced it. The charming novel of Emmeline was written at this place, in the courfe of a few months; the novelty of the defcriptive fcenery which Mrs. Smith firft introduced, and the elegance of the tyle, obtained for it the most unbounded fuccefs, and encreafed the ardour and perfevering application of the author, which brought forward feveral other works of the faine kind, al moft all equally pleating, and which followed with a rapidity and variety truly attonithing. Mrs. Smith after the lapfe of fome tune removed to Brighthelmiftone, where the continued till 1793, nud where her talents introduced her to many diftin guifhed and literary characters: circumLances and the love of change next car ried her to another part of Sufles. Her thard fon had entered the army, and ferved on the continent in the campaign of that year, as enign in the 14th regiment; he had been diftinguished for his good conduct, but unfortunately received a dangerous wound before Dunkirk, which made the amputation of his leg neceflary. He returned to England in this melancholy fituation; and fuch a diftrailing event, combining with other causes, preyed on the contitation of his mother, who, having.contracted a very alarming rheumatic complaint, was advised to try the Bath waters, and thither flic removed in 1794, where in the fpring of 1795, that which the contidered as the heavicit of her domeftic calamities befel her, in the death of her fecond daughter, a lovely and amiable young woman, of a rapid decline. She had been two years the wife of the Chevalier de Foville, an emigrant. Mrs. Smith is laid never to have recovered this affliction; but at times the original chearfulness of her temper returned, and latterly fhe never mentioned her loft daughter. Her love of change, which might always be numbered among her foibles, was now bee came an habitual refilcfsnefs; and the continued to wander from place to place, in hopes of attaining that happinefs which ever feemed to clude her purfuit. Her va rious refidences may be traced in her 'poems. In 1801, fhe had to lament the death of that fon who loft his limb in the fervice of his country, which took place at Barbadoes, where the affairs of his family had called him, and by his ardent spirit and exertions, the property fituated there was difpofed of; but he was not deftined to reap the benefit of his fuccessful negociation, he fell a victim to the yellow fever, from the benevolence of his difpofition in attending his fervant, who was first feized with the malady. His lofs was deeply regretted by his mother and family. In 1803, Mrs. Smith again changed her habitation, and removed from the neighbourhood of Tunbridge Wells, to a village in Surry, regarding it as her na tive foil, having paffed her infancy at her father's place at Stoke, and there he had long expreffed a defire that all her forrows might repofe. Her wishes have been complied with; the refts near her mother and many of her ancestors in the parifh-church of that village. Death clofed her long fufferings in her 57th year, on the 28th of October, 1806, after a molt tedious and painful illues, which had totally exhausted her frame; but the powers of her extraordinary mind loft neither their strength nor their brilliancy. She was a widow at the time of her dif folution, and from that circumitance be came poflefed of her own fortune. Of a family of twelve children, fix ouly are living, three fons and three daughters. In her then furviving fons fle was particularly happy, having lived to fee the two elder ones, advanced to honourable and lucra tive appointments in the ciul fervice of India, and both as high in character as |