He Owsley of Misterton, Somerset. Matthew in the book named by MR. SOLOMONS, calis married Alethea Kirford of Honiton, Devon; himself a mathematician and ploughman, their son Cornelius, born at Amsterdam in and says his whole life may be looked 1599, was Professor of Hebrew and other upon as an umbrage of troubles and perlanguages there; and, like his father, plexities among vexatious neighbours and Rector of the Academy in 1628. Cornelius people of bad principle and conduct." married Gertrude, daughter of Luke Am- died on 27 Sept., 1769, aged 76 years. brose, and English preacher in Amsterdam, and was father of Matthew Slade (1628-89), Manchester. born in England, who became a Doctor of Physic. He died while travelling in a stage coach on Shotover Hill, and was buried in St. Peter's-in-the-East, Oxford. A. R. BAYLEY. In the Catholic registers of Lulworth, printed in the Catholic Record Society's volume vi., which is just being issued to subscribers, MR. G. SLADE will find many of his name, though whether what he wants I cannot say. JOSEPH S. HANSOM. 27, Alfred Place West, South Kensington, S.W. SAINTE-BEUVE ON CASTOR AND POLLUX (10 S. xi. 309, 392).-The idiom " se jeter sur Castor et Pollux" in the quotation from Sainte-Beuve means to talk diffusely or at random, not confining oneself strictly to any single subject, in order to prevent the conversation from flagging. In all probability it originated with a sentence of D'Alembert's (see Littré, s.v.): Je ferai comme Simonide, qui, n'ayant rien à dire de je ne sais quel athlète, se jeta sur les louanges de Castor et de Pollux." Here the allusion is doubtless to the military achievements of the renowned Dioscuri. N. W. HILL. New York. MARGARET OF RICHMOND: INSCRIPTIONS IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY (10 S. xi. 463).The suggestion that reinpa stands for ' requiescere in pace is borne out by the manner in which the letters are spaced in Camden's Reges, Reginæ, Nobiles,' &c., 1600, sig. D3, verso, the reading there given being CALON AGATON CVM ARETA RE IN PA. All the inscriptions are given by Camden. W. M. B. AND F. MARCHAM. C. W. SUTTON. articles on Willme and his writings in the MR. SOLOMONS will find two considerable Elmhurst, Oxton, Birkenhead. at cards was called not comette, but comète: en blazing so that Here See Byron's poem Churchill's Grave.' The reference is to the Rev. Charles Churchill (1731-64). He was conspicuous for a short period, but was quickly forgotten; hence Byron's comparison of him with a comet of a season." T. M. W. [Other contributors thanked for replies.] 66 18 J. WILLME (10 S. xi. 469). There was a note on him by J. F. M[arsh] at 4 S. iv. 493; but the fullest information obtainable is to be found in an article by another of STICK TO YOUR TUT" (10 S. xi. 307, 417). your valued correspondents, the late John-This expression can, I think, hardly Eglington Bailey, in his Palatine Note-Book. refer to the game of tut-ball, which July 1, 1881 (vol. i. p. 117), from which we said to be played in East and West Yorklearn among other things that Willme was shire, in Shropshire, and particularly at the son of a yeoman at Martinscroft, War- Exeter about the Easter holidays. A "tut " rington, born 11 May, 1692, and baptized is the stopping place in the game, which at Warrington Church on 2 June. Willme, resembles, and probably is the game_of 66 66 In 1650 rounders, or stool-ball. But there could be business of the patentee, nor does it furnish no merit or reason in the case of the game, any details of the construction of the of sticking to one's tut. The phrase must machine, but it contains a special clause refer to work being done with perseverance extending the privilege to the plantations and tenacity, in the case of the refractory of Virginia." paupers, the ringleader having laid himself Ed. Williams published in out to stick to the rôle he had assumed. London a tract entitled Virginia's DisThe word seems to be the same with tot covery of Silk Worms....Together with or tote," i.e., the total, the whole of the the making of the saw-mill, very useful in job or work undertaken for the day or any Virginia, for cutting of Timber and clapboards. specified time. I have myself heard the to build withall." Williams gives a descripphrase He has done his little tot." Grose tion of the saw-mill, together with a woodcut ; (1790) says that "To do work by the tote ' and although he does not mention the name is to undertake it by the great." As it is of the inventor, it is hardly likely that there pointed out in the English Dialect Diction- could have been two machines of this kind ary,' in Derbyshire, Isle of Wight, Wiltshire, in Virginia at that early date. I feel, Dorsetshire, Somersetshire, Devonshire, and therefore, justified in assuming that the Cornwall tut "-piece-work, and a tut- saw-mill described by Williams in 1650 was " is one who works by the piece. really that for which Hugh Bullock obtained Tut and 'tit is in Devonshire the a patent in 1629. Williams's tract furwhole of anything, complete in every detail nishes the basis of an article on the intro('Hora Subsecivæ,' cited in the E.D.D.,' duction of the saw-mill into America in the of Commissioner s.v. 'Tut'). J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. Report of the U.S. Patents for 1850,' Part I. p. 387. THE WHITE HEN (10 S. xi. 448).—The saying "You 're like the hen that never lays astray "I remember as a lad living in East Anglia, but I do not think that any special plumage was mentioned. But perhaps J. B. is correct, as a white hen would not have much chance of laying eggs and hatching them in a hedgerow without being detected. I do not find it in the books of proverbial sayings I possess, but it is worthy of being man 66 enshrined therein. Bishop's Stortford. W. B. GERISH. For Juvenal's "filius alba gallinæ see Lewis and Short's Latin Dictionary,' 1900, HANGMEN WHO HAVE BEEN HANGED (10 S. xi. 468).—I can add an instance in 1538 :— "This yere, the first day of September, beinge Sundaye, at Clerkenwell, where the wrestlinge is kept, after the wrestlinge was done, there was hanged on a payre of gallowes, newe made, in the same place, the hangman of London, and two more, sayd hangman had done execution in London since for robbing a youth in Bartlemewe fayre. Which the Holy Mayde of Kent was hanged, and was a conninge butcher in quartering of men."-"Wriothesley's Chronicle,' Camden Soc., i. 85. We learn from Walford's 'History of Fairs," P. 184, that the hangman's name was Cart'Chronicle' shows the well, but Hall's name as Cratwell. The Holy Maid of Kent was hanged on Monday, 20 April, 1534. A. RHODES. under albus, p. 80, col. 2. It has travelled a little into our literature. In Ben Jonson's New Inn,' 1629, I. i., where the discourse is upon the bringing up of youth, the host says all are not sons of the white hen (ed. Cornwall, 1838, p. 409). Peter Heylyn MARGARET POLE, COUNTESS OF SALISBURY in his Answer to Henry Burton,' 1637, satirically writes of him: Fortunate man, (10 S. xi. 429, 477).-She was beatified by one of the sonnes, no question, of the Pope Leo XIII. by decree dated 29 Dec., young white henne " WILLIAM BULLOCK: HUGH BULLOCK (10 S. xi. 169, 236, 277). In the replies relating to William Bullock mention is made of his father, Hugh Bullock, who was the owner of a saw-mill in Virginia. I should like to point out that on 2 Jan., 1629, a patent (No. 45) for a saw-mill was granted to Hugh Bullock, who, I have no doubt, was identical with the person of the same name already mentioned. The patent does not give any particulars of the place of residence or 1886. In 1887 the Catholic Truth Society published a biography of her by Mr. G. Ambrose Lee. The latest and completest biography is that by the late Father Keogh and by Dom Bede Camm, O.S.B., in 'Lives of the English Martyrs,' vol. i. (Burns & Oates, 1904), pp. 502-40. JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT. 'The Last of the Plantagenets' is the subject of the commencing section of a book published in 1878 entitled 'The Victims of the Penal Laws.' JOHN T. PAGE. EDINBURGH: DERIVATION OF ITS NAME (10 S. x. 410, 473).-It will hardly be accepted as proof that, because David I. mentioned Edwinsburg* in the foundation charter of Holyrood, it is the earliest form of the place-name; nor do I suppose the fact of Simeon of Durham writing the same settles the matter. Many, no doubt, will consider that to trace the original form we must go much further back. Here may I repeat the generally accepted dictum, place-names did not (often) take their origin from personal ones? Dr. Daniel Wilson, in his 'Archæology and Primitive Annals,' states that there is sufficient evidence that a Roman colonia existed on the site of Edinburgh. 66 66 "The Upwards of a century ago, a writer informs us that. Annales Ullonienses,' MS. in the British Museum, No. 4795 of Mr. Ayscough's catalogue, has "Bellum Gline Muresan et obsessio Edin."* With respect to Maidens' Castle," i.e. Castellum Puellarum, Ayloffe, in his Calendars of Ancient Charters' (p. 288), has Manipulus parvorum rotulorum tangentium homagium regum Scotia and victualium pro Castello Purcell" (anno 6 Edward I.). The last word is supposed to be a typographical error so far as the c is concerned. To revert to Camden, he states: "As in an old book of the division of Scotland, in the Library of the Honourable my Lord Burleigh, late High Treasurer of England, in the reign of Indulph, Eden Town was quitted (vacuatum) and abandoned to the Scots to this present the circumstances day." In to be mistake. That the castle had an existence before the town will, I imagine, be conceded. The district in which the castle was placed was for many years exposed to the of the English and Danes: naturally, the neighbouring inhabitants, for protection at least, erected their homes under its wing. The probability is the name of the castle became applied to the town, in some form or another. There seems an inclination to treat this place-name apart from the castle, which in wrote: appears ravages Parvvm Theatrvm Vrbivm sive Vrbivm Praecipvarvm Totivs Orbis Brevis et Methodica Descriptio,' now before me (1595), I find "Edenburgum, alias Alata Castra," and again "Arx vocatur Castellum puellarum,' and once more Vrbis appellationem nobile munimentum nonnulli interpretantur, ut sit Edenburgum quasi Edleburgum." known Major states that the Romans and Britons levelled, among other cities, Agned, which, when it was "rebuilt by Heth, the King of the Picts, came to be Hethburg, and The to-day is as Edinburgh." earliest known description of Edinburgh is by Alesius Edinburgi, or Alesse, who was a native, born 1500. He wrote: "The name of the Town is always given as Edinburges, and as Lisleburgh or Lithleburg, as it was called by the French, in the writer's time."+ never Camden wrote, "The castle was, by the Irish Scots, called Dun Eden," and Wynton Maydn, Dunedin." For centuries Edinburgh was known by the latter name, and as late as 1776 was so called throughout the Highlands. "Henry the Third ordered the King of Scotland to summon the prelates and magnates of his kingdom at Maiden's Castle"; further, "Robert de Poppelai renders his account, Saiher de Quenci owes Edwin only fortified the castle. ‡ 201. of Aron's debts, for Robert his father, any sound reasoning be produced, proving but as yet he ought not to be summoned, that the castle was unnamed at that time? What explanation is there for "Edwinsfor the canons of the Holy Rood of Edenburgh" lapsing into Buchanan Edin, burgh (Castellum Puellarum). that, too, in the face of Eden" water in Fife, &c.? wrote that it was Dun Eden, the face of a ALFRED CHAS. JONAS. hill, and he thought the name should be Edenum (see 5 S. xii. 128, 214). The State Register, recording the death of King Edgar, has the following: "Mortuus in Dun-Edin, est sepulctus in Dunfermling." This was about eighteen years before David I. was crowned. Prof. Kuno Meyer asserted that "Edwinesburh would, however, have given Edinsburgh; for the genitive s is never lost in such derivations." My authority has the form Edenesburg, which, it may be added, is found in a charter of David I. printed in the 'Registrum de Dunfermelyn.' DEW-PONDS (10 S. xi. 428, 474).-The Transactions of the South-Eastern Union of Scientific Societies, 1908, contain (pp. 66–85) a paper entitled Some Considerations concerning Dew-Ponds,' by Mr. Edward A. Martin. The paper has been reprinted in separate form. FREDK. A. EDWARDS. DOCTORS WHO REMAINED IN LONDON DURING THE PLAGUE OF 1665 (10 S. xi. 266). -Add Dr. Nicholas Davis and Dr. Edward Deantry (see Intelligence, 7 Aug., 1665). S. D. CLIPPINGDALE. HOLBECK (10 S. xi. 448).-It simply means 'hollow beck," or stream in a hollow. See the admirable articles in 'N.E.D.' upon holl, adj., "hollow,' and holl, sb., & hollow." The sb. is from the adj., viz. 'IF I ONLY KNEW' (10 S. xi. 410).-The A.-S. charter with the spelling holan-brōc ; A.-S. hol. Holbrook is mentioned in an correct title of this monologue with musical accompaniment is 'If We Only where holan represents the weak form of the dative case. Knew.' It is by Mel. B. Spurr, who used to recite it at the Maskelyne and Cooke entertainments at the former Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly: he died some eighteen months ago. It is to be obtained of the publishers, Messrs. Reynolds, 13, Berners Street, W. LIONEL SCHANK. T. TRUMAN, BOOKSELLER, 1746 (10 S. xi. 347, 418).—There was a Gabriell T. Truman in Drury Lane at the sign of "The Goat,' It bears the initials as his token indicates. in the "field," G. T. T. Even though booksellers did not issue tokens, yet he may have been related to the T. Truman of the query (Akerman's 'London Tokens,' 1849, No. 591). J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. PRIME MINISTER (10 S. ix. 425).-During the present year a further step has been taken in the long process of giving a gradually increasing official recognition to the office of Prime Minister. Down to the end of last session all resolutions moved by the Prime Minister in the House of Commons were entered in the Orders and Votes under his name; from the beginning of the present session the name has been dropped, and "The Prime Minister substituted. GAINSBOROUGH, ARCHITECT, c. 1300 (10 S. xi. 449). The Architectural Publication Society's 'Dictionary of Architecture contains a short note on the monument of Ricardus de Gaynisburgh in the cloisters of Lincoln Cathedral, but gives no information as to the man himself. Gough, in Sepulchral Monuments,' ii. 95, gives the inscription, copying it apparently from Walpole's 'Anecdotes of Painting,' and says he does not recollect seeing it in any of his visits to Lincoln. Possibly it is not now in existence. BENJ. WALKER. Gravelly Hill, Erdington. Beck is, strictly, a Norse form; Icel. bekkr. but is of native origin; and the words are Beach is not precisely the same word, doubtless closely allied. I would connect beach with the A.-S. bæc, brook, and (apparently) a valley, for which see Earle's Land Charters.' WALTER W. SKEAT. 1711: xi. 489).-Steele in The Spectator, No. 79, Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &a. Notes by the Way. By John Collins Francis. as In his 1 He Knight came up to London from Leeds in 1860, when he had just completed his thirtieth year. He then felt capable of editing The Times, but destiny reserved him for a happier fate. became in due course an editor, but how much more than an editor his friends will not soon forget. Mr. Francis has done well to write the memoir of his old associate and chief that opens this fascinating volume. Those who knew Knight will be grateful to him for placing on permanent record an account of the early years of one with whom most of them were only brought into contact in later life; while those who had not the good fortune to possess his friendship will be glad to learn something of the career of one whose influence was not to be measured by the space that he occupied in the public eye. The present writer had the privilege of knowing Knight for the last twenty years of his life, the date of first acquaintanceship being marked by the gift of his recently published Life of Rossetti,' which was taken down from the bookshelves in the closely packed little study, and placed in the visitor's hands with a few kindly and cordial words. Then the host turned to his two favourite writers and teachers, Shakespeare and Froissart, both of whom harmonized so well with his broad and humorous outlook on life and the chivalrous spirit with which he regarded the deficiencies of human nature, and expatiated with pride on the points of the ancient folios in his possession. During those twenty years of which we speak, whether in his own small sanctum, or at those more spacious dinners at the Garrick Club in which his hospitable soul delighted, not an illnatured jest or an unjust criticism ever passed his lips in our hearing. Like all strong characters, he had, of course, his likes and dislikes. We shall not soon forget his jovial remonstrance when we rallied him on his personal likeness to Mortimer Collins, a writer with whom-rather unjustly, as we thought-he found himself in very scant sympathy. On the subject of the modern stage he was generally reticent, and in his capacity of a dramatic critic had some aversion from talking shop"; but he was never tired of speaking with almost paternal fondness of the merits of that incomparable actress whose Juliet and Rosalind are among the imperishable memories of middleaged playgoers-Lilian Adelaide Neilson. Another feature of this volume is an admirable memoir of Joseph Woodfall Ebsworth, whose occasional contributions on ballad-lore will be fresh in the recollection of readers of N. & Q.' Ebsworth also held a post in the editorial phalanx, as for many years he superintended the publications of the Ballad Society. Of this Society he might justly have said, Pars magna fui," for without his enthusiasm and untiring industry its life would probably have been short. Ebsworth was one of those typical Englishmen with whom the wind is usually in the cast; but though of an explosive nature, he rendered permanent service to literature, and was not the less loved by his friends because his heart was on his sleeve. The remaining portions of the volume, which comprise a history of N. & Q.,' papers on Cowper, Longfellow, and other writers. together with valuable notes on The City Press and other journals, will be familiar to readers of these columns. In compiling these Literary Anecdotes Mr. Francis has shown himself a worthy successor of John Nichols and the other giants of the eighteenth century. It is an advantage to possess in moderate compass information which in a few years it would be difficult to obtain without much toilsome research, and which is now presented to the reader in a modest and attractive form. The illustrations comprise portraits of Knight as a boy, in middle life, and in mature age. Good as they are, we think the photographs which were published in N. & Q.' at the time of his lamented death were more characteristic of the man. Ebsworth is represented by a portrait and by two of his sketches. One of these, a view of John Knox's house in Edinburgh, belongs to the school of Cattermole, but in chiaroscuro is far superior to anything that artist did; whilst the other might have been produced by the needle of George Cruikshank. The Index, which has been compiled by Mr. John Randall, is excellent. One name we miss -that of John Morley (p. vii). The friends of Knight will remember the zest with which on occasion he recounted anecdotes of his early associations with the present Secretary of State for India, for whom, notwithstanding some divergent views on politics, he ever retained a loyal friendship and admiration. Authors' and Printers' Dictionary. By F. Howard Collins. (Frowde.) THE new edition of this excellent guide is very welcome. The little book is already in its tenth thousand, and we hope it will reach many more readers, for it is remarkably cheap at a shilling. All who are concerned with the correction of the press should get it, for it will save many of the slips into which the most wary of experts fall from time to time. Indeed, it is the result of a mass of experience in proof-reading, Mr. Collins having been assisted by many competent hands. The new title, introducing the word "Dictionary," is misleading, for the book, though it has received corrections and additions, offers only a selection of difficult points, whereas a Dictionary' is generally understood to be something of an exhaustive character. abbreviations, and the notes as to popular phrases We particularly commend the explanations of which are frequently misunderstood and wrongly used. WILSON'S Art of Rhetorique, 1560, edited by G. H. Mair, is a recent addition to the admirable Tudor and Stuart Library of the Clarendon Press, which is distinguished by its grace of form. Rhetoric is a subject generally despised in this country, and much better treated in the United States; but Wilson's book deserved revival, for, as Mr. Mair says, it is a landmark in the history of the English Renaissance, and many passages in it are important, and indeed indispensable to the historian of English literature.' We add, further, that it contains much sound sense, which time has not staled, concerning the English language, and which a great many journalists, especially in the daily press, might read with advantage. The whole is varied, as was the custom of the day, with anecdotes, some classical, of the world's common stock, but others interesting for their personal turn or the insight they afford into contemporary manners. dote of the Spaniard on p. 138 seems to demand a reading of "potuit " instead of "potui." The anec |