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erecting it were brought principally from the ruins of Bindon Abbey. The foundations were laid in the year 1588, and the structure, except its internal decorations, finished in 1609: the latter were not completed till after the year 1641, when the ancestor of the prefent owner purchafed the eftate..Lullworth Castle is an exact cube of eighty feet, with a round tower at each corner, thirty feet in diameter, and rising fixteen feet above the walls, which, as well as the towers, are embattled.

The walls are fix feet thick; the offices are under ground, arched with ftone. The houfe has three ftories, but the towers four: in each front are three rows of four windows; in the towers are four rows, of three each, exclufive of the offices. The hall and diningroom are lage; and the rooms are in general eighteen feet high. In the apartments are fome family portraits, executed by the celebrated Sir Peter Lely. The principal front is on the ealt, and faced with Chilmark ftone; before it was a large court, now laid into the lawn leading to the landingplace, which is guarded by a balluftrade of ftone, (which in the late Edward Weld's time only extended along the east front,) called the Cloisters, because paved with the tones taken from the cloifters of Bindon Abbey. This has been continued by the prefent poffeffor along the north and fouth fides, at the extremity of which it joins a terrace to the weft, of the fame height as itfelf. Over the doors are ftatues of two ancient Romans in their gowns. On each fide of the door, which is fup

LULLWORTH CASTLE, DORSET. ported by four pillars of the Ionic

SHIRE.

(WITH A VIEW.]

order, is a large niche, and over them two fhields, on which are the arms of Weld properly blazoned. In the niches are the ftatues of Mufic and Painting." In the year 1789, during their Majesties' refidence at Weymouth, Mr. Weld had the honour to receive feveral Royal vifits, the particulars of which are commemorated in two infcriptions over the entrance to the Caffle.

ULLWORTH CASTLE, the feat of Thomas Weld, Etq. is a noble vile, fituated on an eminence in the fout east corner of an extenfive park, which occupies a circuit of nearly four miles and a half, and has been lately fur rounded by an excellent ftone wall upwards of eight feet high. It commands a fine view of the fea from an opening between the hills, as well as extenfive prolpects of the adjoining country. The prefent edifice is not of any great antiquity; but it is fuppofed to be built on or near the fite of a Caftle mentioned as far back as the year 1146 the materials ufed in. p. 227.

The manor of Eaft Lullworth, in which this edifice is fituated, appears to have given its name to its ancient poffeffors, the de Lollerworths. In the twenty-eighth of Fdward the Firit,

* Hutchins's Hinory of Dortet, Vol. II,

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William de Et Lullworth granted to John de Novo Burgo, (Newburgh,) and Elizabeth his wife, and their heirs, all his right in this manor, for which they paid 100 marks fterling; and by another agreement 200l. It was held by the Newburghs till the reign of Henry the Eighth, when Christian, the fole heiress of that ancient house, conveyed it by marriage to her husband, Sir John de Marney. After his death, it came by marriage to the Howard family, one of whom, James, Earl of Suffolk, in 1641, fold it to Humphrey Weld Eq. from whom it defcended in a direct line to the prefent proprietor. Mr. Weld has lately erected an elegant little chapel at a thort diftance from the Castle, for the convenience of his family and dependents. This tructure is of a circular form, increased by four fections of a circle, fo as to form à crofs, and finished with a dome and lantern. It contains a well-toned organ, a copy of Raphael's Transfiguration, and two other fcriptural pieces lately brought from Italy. The altar-piece is decorated with very coftly orna ments, difpofed with much talle and effect it is chiefly compofed of the richest and most curious marbles. The front and outfide pannels of the two Supporters of the altar-table are of beautiful oriental role alabaster, having mouldings of giallo de Sienna: within the former are two angels of bronze, in poltures of adoration; between them is a vale, compofed of one piece of amber-coloured tranfparent alabafter: the platform on which the latter is placed is of porphyry, with a base of a brilliant brefcia corallina: the back part and two fides of the fpace wherein the vafe and angels ftand, are of a brescia antiqua, fo variegated as to throw a kind of fplendour about the urn; the pannels of the altar-steps are of plafma di fmeraldo, fet in giallo antico; the fmall step that projects immediately on the altar-table is of choice pecorella minuta. alabater; the door of the tabernacle, and its frame, are composed of lapis lazuli, amethyst, verde di Corfica, Cianco e nero antico, verde d'Egipto, and other choice tones. The pedeital of the crucifix is compofed of flajma di fmeraldo and verde antico; the eutire fides of the crofs are incruited with lapis lazuli; the Saviour is carved in ivory, and the Magdalen is of gilt bronze.

In a magnificent folio Pfalter, made

by order of Geoffery, Lord Louterel, laft Baron of that family, who died in the twenty-fifth of Edward the First, now in the poffeffion of Mr. Weld, is a moit beautiful and curious illumination, an accurate engraving of which is given by Mr. Carter in his "Specimens of Ancient Sculptures and Paintings." It reprefents a Knight arming for a tournament, or fome martial exercife, the particulars of whose dress are highly curious, and most minutely delineated: two ladies, apparently his wives, affitt him. "As he fits on his fteed, a lady, habited in curled hair, with a fillet, a veil thrown back, and a wimple, her furcoat charged with his arms, lifts up to him, with her right hand, a clofe pointed helmet; and in her left hand the holds a pennon of his arms round the point of a fpear. Behind her is another lady, in the fame dress, holding in her right hand a pendant fhield of his arms, which are likewife on her fur coat; and on her left, arm is hanging, as it may be presumed, the embroidered collar, an ufual prize or favour given by fome lady to her favourite Knight, as a charge to him to meditate fome feat of chivalry, which collar was generally fastened above the knee, by fome of the lady's female attendants. The ladies' drefes are alike, the hair combed back on the head, and curled at the ears; a fillet of gold beads encircles the head; a red band edges the veil, as a thiff kind of ornament does the ears. Their boddice, or under-drefs, is red, with the furcoat of their arms over it."

The parifh-church of St. Andrew, near the Castle, (which was an ancient and rather curious fabric,) has been within thefe few years rebuilt, at the expenfe of Mr. Weld, who previously removed the bodies of his ancestors, which were in the family vault beneath the church, to the new catacombs he has made under his chapel. It at prefent contains a few funeral memorials, chiefly of the above family; one of which, to the memory of Sir. John Weld, who died in 1674, gives a very diftinct genealogy of the houfe of Weld, who are faid to be lineally defcended from "Edrike, furnamed Sylvaticus, or Wild, whofe father was Alfrike, brother to Edrike Stratton, Duke of Mercia, who married Edina, daughter of Etheldred, King of England."

VESTIGES,

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This paffage is quoted in the first inftance, because the idea it conveys feems to allude to the subject of this fpeculation; which is a much better reafon for placing it at the head of this Chapter, than can be given for the introduction of many mottoes, in even the learned languages, that we have frequently had occafion to contemplate, and because this being in English has a chance, at leaft, of being understood, which is not always the cafe with the literature of the heads of chapters, even to and from the days of the eccentric Dean, upward and downward. When I fay that thofe lines may be understood, I would also be understood to mean only the words. The idea is Shakspeare's; and to fuppofe that a fingle idea of our immortal Bard had escaped without a comment, would neither be doing juftice to the ingenuity nor induftry of his undertakers and upholders; and although his fenfe may, in many instances, reft as impervious in the text as if fcrewed in a patent coffin, I fhall prove, by a paffage quoted from the great book of nature, that this is not one of them, but that Mr. Theobald, whom I deem not to have been quite fo well treated by his fellow-labourers as he deferved, was right in his conftruction of its meaning. E. Gr. A Magiftrate fitting in a public office, had one evening brought before him a man of the lower order, charged with a trifling affault upon another, a little his fuperior. When the charge was heard, and the culprit called upon for his defence, he put on his hat, and was addreffing his difcourfe to the complainant. Take off your hat!" faid the Clerk. "I will take off my hat to his Worship. I am fure I meant no offence to him," faid the prisoner; "but fure I may speak to fuch a fellow as that" (pointing to the complainant) "with my bat on,'

19

VOL. XLVII. MARCH 1805.

gaped with boots, ftretched myself with the wearied travellers, figetted on the chair with the complaifant auditors; and yet I fear my readers will fay that, unreformed by fenfation or example, I have, alas! too frequently been as tedious as the Captain. They will, or they may, fay, that, as that ingenious fpeculator amufed his friends with floating nut-fhells which ferved for gun-boats, and corks for men of war, upon the dribbling of decanters and glaffes, which he probably termed the Red Sea, and congratulated himself on keeping the adverfe Navy fafe in Port, where he continued to blockade them till he found that his whole company had deferted, I have in fome initances done the fame; and quoting the three former Chapters of this work, which have been afloat much longer than the continuance of a trade wind, as proofs, correctly conclude that their author, in telling a story, is long-winded.

To this objection (which I will freely confefs was at firft raifed, as magicians of old used to raise the devil, in order to show how eafily they could lay him,) I fear I must plead guilty; because it appears that the evil fpirit I have fo liberated, like the Genii freed from the copper cabinet, is too mighty to be combated: therefore throwing myself upon the mercy of the readers, I promife to deferve it in future, by showing mercy to them by copying one good trait of our friend the Captain in the print alluded to, and fending them to fleep before they have half got through this Chapter, which being the con cluding one on this important fubject, may not unaptly be termed the nightcap, becaufe its title feems to indicate, that in it the workings of the brain fhall be compofed, and that this head shall

be at rest.

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upon certain pegs, which we found in the reign of James the Ift, where it would have been my dear delight to have ftated that they had remained without a brush till this hour: but this, it appears, was by no means the dear delight of the people.

Without attempting to develope the latent fprings that impelled the events of those times, it may be fufficient to ftate, that foon after the acceffion of the learned, the liberal, the benignant Charles, the faid people, tired of peace, threw up their hats, and clamoured loudly for war. Why? This question it is rather difficult to refolve; but it is believed, that hats were more concerned in this clamour than heads. Whofoever has turned his attention to phyfics, must have obferved the rapid vegetation of mushrooms, toadtools, and puffs; and if he fought for their analogy in hiftory, he must have found, that, about this period, a multitude of hats were as fpeedily produced, which, in three particulars, refembled thefe funguses, being broad like the firft, pointed like the fecond, and bollow like the third. They were indeed in another refpect diffimilar, being most of them black; but then they coalefced in another; for as the former were the emanations from heat and moiflure as they iffued from the most rank and filthy compoft, fo was the latter, notwithstanding the ftatutes, produced from the very dregs and refufe of the ftaple; of which we have inftances in a number of ancient laws for regulating the making of hats.

To confider this matter a little retrofpectively, and endeavour to trace the rife of a fet of hats which, as we were always fond of foreign fashions, were imported from Geneva, it must be observed, that thote were manu

It does appear, that in the reign of Elizabeth the wearing of hats was confidered as a kind of luxury, or that affumption of fuperiority, which rendered thofe that had fo far ftepped out of their rank liable to a fine; for by the flatute of 13 Eliz. every perfon above the age of leven years, and under a certain degree, was obliged, on Sundays and holidays, to wear a woollen cap, made in England, and finished by fome of the fraternity of Cappers, under the penalty of paying 35. 4d. for every day's nega. Repealed 39 E'iz,

factured from articles of extraordinary purity: and this will, perhaps, a little account for the fine of five fhillings and twopence which was paid by the parish of Fulham for the pleasure of wearing them. A perfon of the name of Button is faid, about this time, to have appeared in this parish with a beaver of fuch a very extraordinary fine texture, that the whole of the inhabitants were anxious to adopt the fame fashion †, and get hats nearly as good; and it is even faid, that fome Bithops (whether in the neigh bourhood of Fulham is uncertain,) liked the materials of which this was compofed fo well, that they had theirs made of the fame stuff, and clapped them on their heads at times when they fhould have worn their mitres .

To refume the fubje&t, from which I have a little digreffed. In the firit years of the reign of Charles the It, the Court hats were of the fashion which that excellent Minifter Buckingham introduced when he returned with his Prince from the Spanish visit. Thefe, and the alteration of the doublet fleeves, which were before plain and clofe, to thofe flashed, puffed, and of an immoderate width, by which it is fuppofed he meant to indicate that he had not led his Royal Mafter upon a fleeveless errand, were all the advantages that the nation derived from this Quixotic expedition.

Thefe Spanish hats (for fo they were termed, though they were, as may be feen by the portraits of Rubens, Vandyke, and others, admirably piau. réfque,) did not feem to fit quite eafy,

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Churchwardens' Accounts of the
Parish of Fulbam.

+ It is almoft needlefs to fay, that from the fuccefs that attended this fafhion, button and hat became the clofeft friends in the world, and to they con tinued for ages. Indeed it is but a few years fince that they in fome degree sepa. rated; though it is a little extraordinary that their connexion was owing to what has diffolved many other friend hips, namely, a loop.

Thuan. Hift. lib. 43, Spondan! A. C 155

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