The Polygraph and Lie DetectionNational Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on National Statistics, Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences, Committee to Review the Scientific Evidence on the Polygraph National Academies Press, 22.02.2003 - 416 Seiten The polygraph, often portrayed as a magic mind-reading machine, is still controversial among experts, who continue heated debates about its validity as a lie-detecting device. As the nation takes a fresh look at ways to enhance its security, can the polygraph be considered a useful tool? The Polygraph and Lie Detection puts the polygraph itself to the test, reviewing and analyzing data about its use in criminal investigation, employment screening, and counter-intelligence. The book looks at:
The book addresses the difficulties of measuring polygraph accuracy, the usefulness of the technique for aiding interrogation and for deterrence, and includes potential alternativesâ€"such as voice-stress analysis and brain measurement techniques. |
Inhalt
PREFACE | |
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY | |
xiii | |
x | |
VALIDITY AND ITS MEASUREMENT | |
THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR POLYGRAPH TESTING | |
QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT | |
QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT | |
A Program of Research 224 | |
CONTENTS xi | |
APPENDIXES | |
B Use of Polygraph Screening in the U S Department of Energy | |
Physiological Processes Measured by the Polygraph 286 | |
F Computerized Scoring of Polygraph Data 298 | |
G Process for Systematic Review of Polygraph Validation Studies 323 | |
H Quantitative Assessment of Polygraph Test Accuracy 340 | |
Conclusions 173 | |
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS | |
DOE Polygraph Screening Policy 218 | |
False Positive Index Values for Polygraph Testing 354 | |
K Combining Information Sources in Medical Diagnosis | |
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Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
accuracy index accuracy of polygraph activity agencies algorithms analysis applications assessment base rate behavior Ben-Shakhar brain Cacioppo classified comparison question test construct validity context countermeasures criminal criterion validity datasets Defense Polygraph Institute detecting deception detection of deception deterrence diagnostic test effects electrodermal empirical employee screening espionage estimate evaluation event-related potentials examinee's examinees false negative false positive fMRI Fort McClellan graph test guilty Honts http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10420.html APPENDIX identify individual internal validity interview investigation Kircher laboratory LIE DETECTION measures methods national security nondeceptive physiological responses poly polygraph accuracy POLYGRAPH AND LIE polygraph chart polygraph examination polygraph research polygraph screening polygraph testing polygraph validity PolyScore potential procedures Psychology psychophysiological detection Raskin receiver operating characteristic relevant questions reliability ROC curve scoring security screening security violations sensitivity specific specific-incident spies statistical techniques test formats theory tion tive tradeoffs truth U.S. Department validity of polygraph variables