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on a sudden laid his hand on the bridle of the king's horse, and swearing two or three full mouthed Scottish oaths (for of that nation he was), said, "Will you go upon your death in an instant?" and, before his Majesty understood what he would have, turned his horse round; upon which a word run through the troops "that they should march to the right hand;" which was both from charging the enemy or assisting their own men. And upon this they all turned their horses and rode upon the spur, as if they were every man to shift for himself.

It is very true that upon the more soldierly word stand, which was sent to run after them, many of them returned to the king; though the former unlucky word carried more from him. And by this time Prince Rupert was returned with a good body of those horse which had attended him in his prosperous charge on the right wing; but they having, as they thought, acted their parts, could never be brought to rally themselves again in order, or to charge the enemy. And that difference was observed shortly from the beginning of the war, in the discipline of the king's troops and of those which marched under the command of Cromwell (for it was only under him, and had never been notorious under Essex or Waller), that, though the king's troops prevailed in the charge, and routed those they charged, they never rallied themselves again in order, nor could be brought to make a second charge again the same day-which was the reason that they had not an entire victory at Edgehill; whereas Cromwell's troops,

if they prevailed, or though they were beaten, and routed, presently rallied again, and stood in good order till they received new orders.

All that the king and prince could do could not rally their broken troops, which stood in sufficient numbers upon the field, though they often endeavoured it, with the manifest hazard of their own persons. So that in the end the king was compelled to quit the field, and to leave Fairfax master of all his foot, cannon, and baggage-amongst which was his own. cabinet, where his most secret papers were, and letters between the queen and him; of which they shortly after made that barbarous use as was agreeable to their natures, and published them in print—that is, so much of them as they thought would asperse either of their majesties, and improve the prejudice they had raised against them; and concealed other parts which would have vindicated them from many particulars with which they had aspersed them.

From CLARENDON'S "History of the Rebellion."

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He who ascends to mountain-tops shall find

The loftiest peaks most wrapped in clouds and snow;
He who surpasses or subdues mankind

Must look down on the hate of those below.
Though high above the sun of glory glow,
And far beneath the earth and ocean spread,
Round him are icy rocks, and loudly blow
Contending tempests on his naked head,

And thus reward the toils which to those summits led.

Byron.

84. THE BATTLE OF DUNBAR.

At sight of this movement, Oliver suggests to Lambert standing by him, Does it not give us an advantage, if we, instead of him, like to begin the attack? Here is the Enemy's right wing coming out to the open space, free to be attacked on any side; and the main battle, hampered in narrow sloping ground between Doon Hill and the Brock, has no room to manœuvre or assist: beat this right wing where it now stands; take it in flank and front with an overpowering force, it is driven upon its own main battle, the whole Army is beaten? Lambert eagerly assents, "had meant to say the same thing." Monk, who comes up at the moment, likewise assents; as the other Officers do, when the case is set before them. It is the plan resolved upon for battle. The attack shall begin to-morrow before dawn.

And so the soldiers stand to their arms, or lie within instant reach of their arms, all night; being upon an engagement very difficult indeed. The night is wild and wet;-2nd of September means 12th by our calendar: the Harvest Moon wades deep among clouds of sleet and hail. Whoever has a heart for prayer, let him pray now, for the wrestle of death is at hand. Pray,—and withal keep his powder dry! And be ready for extremities, and quit himself like a man!—Thus they pass the night; making that Dunbar Peninsula and Brock Rivulet long memorable to me. We English have some tents; the Scots have none. The hoarse sea moans bodeful, swinging low

and heavy against these whinstone bays; the sea and the tempests are abroad, all else asleep but we,—and there is one that rides on the wings of the wind.

Towards three in the morning the Scotch foot, by order of a Major-General say some, extinguish their matches, all but two in a company; cower under the corn-shocks, seeking some imperfect shelter and sleep. Be wakeful, ye English; watch, and pray, and keep your powder dry. About four o'clock comes order to my puddingheaded Yorkshire friend, that his regiment must mount and march straightway; his and various other regiments march, pouring swiftly to the left to Brocksmouth House, to the Pass over the Brock. With overpowering force let us storm the Scots right wing there; beat that, and all is beaten.

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Major Hodgson riding along, heard, he says, a Cornet praying in the night;" a company of poor men, I think, making worship there, under the void Heaven, before battle joined: Major Hodgson, giving his charge to a brother Officer, turned aside to listen for a minute, and worship and pray along with them; haply his last prayer on this Earth, as it might prove to be. But no: this Cornet prayed with such effusion as was wonderful; and imparted strength to my Yorkshire friend, who strengthened his men by telling them of it. And the Heavens, in their mercy, I think, have opened us a way of deliverance !—The Moon gleams out, hard and blue, riding among hailclouds; and over St. Abb's Head a streak of dawn is rising.

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