Lord Stanhope says, "His interment took place at Hanover, in the vault of his ancestors" (History,' ii. 116). EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M.A. Hastings. [Other contributors are thanked for replies.] BELL LEGEND AT BRAILES: WILLIAM FOUNDOR (4th S. v. 407).-Some years ago, in dealing with this subject, allusion was made by MR. ELLACOMBE to the stamp discovered on various medieval bells bearing the name of "William ffoundor," and an attempt was made at that time to trace this person and fix his identity, but, as it would seem, without any positive result. Lately, in referring to the fourth volume of Mr. Selby's Genealogist, I came across two entries of grants made at the close of the fourteenth century, which appear to throw some light on the subject. The first deed, 16 Richard II. [1393], sets out that Ralph atte Swyche, citizen of London, transfers to Stephen Sedar two messuages and three shops in the parish of "St. Botulphe extra Algate." The witnesses are Robert Boreford, Wm. atte Wode, Wm. Dawe, founders, Tho. Clere (or Clerc), Stephen Lalleford, and others. The second grant bears date 18 Richard II. (1395), and appears to have reference to the same property, which is conveyed by Stephen Sedar to John atte Lee. The witnesses in this instance are William Foundor, Stephen Lalleford, and others. Seal, a letter I crowned. This last fact of the seal has some importance, as in a rubbing of the inscription on the Brailes bell, obligingly sent me by the vicar, I observe that all the capitals are crowned. It should be added that the notices of the deeds are given on p. 104 of the Genealogist, published last year. WM. UNDERHILL. JARVIS'S 'DON QUIXOTE' (7th S. v. 508).-As the latest of the many translators of 'Don Quixote,' perhaps I may be permitted to reply to MR. BOUCHIER'S note and query. In Don Quixote's famous description of the pagan hosts (in c. 18, part i.) "los Etiopes de horadados labios" means nothing else than "the Ethiopians with bored (or pierced) lips," and is so rendered by every English translator, excepting only Jarvis and Smollett. Horadado is the past participle of horadar, to pierce. MR. BOUCHIER'S opinion of the passage in which the phrase occurs is shared by many critics, native and foreign. For beauty and vigour of language it has been compared with the most celebrated pieces of description in ancient authors, with the catalogue of the ships in the 'Iliad,' and the enumeration of the allies of Turnus in the 'Eneid.' I have myself, in a note to the passage, paralleled it with Milton's grandly rolling lines. Nor is the language of Cervantes put into the mouth of Don Quixote less to be admired because it is a burlesque on the rodomontades in the books of chivalries. In Spain the passage, as a model of sonorous, mellifluous Castilian has become a locus classicus, which no English translator can attempt to parallel in our "hissing, spluttering, guttural," over-consonanted tongue. H. E. WATTS. "Horadados" seems clearly to have the signification given it in the editorial note. So horadar (Lat. perforare) in Diego Gracian's 'Plutarch's Morals,' p. 74, "horadaronles los cuerpos punzandolos con unas dagas y punzónes"; and the word itself occurs in Inca Garcilaso's 'Comentarios Reales,' i. 22, "trahian las orejas horadadas." The rendering "swollen" arose probably from a confusion between hinchado and the word (which in the ductus literarum it somewhat resembles) horadado. X. RECORDS OF CELTIC OCCUPATION IN LOCAL NAMES (7th S. iv. 1, 90, 134, 170, 249; v. 9): WALES, YORKSHIRE (7th S. v. 328, 478).—In view of the keen discussion in N. & Q.' on the first head, MR. DAVIS would have done well to give references in support of his opinion on the second. I venture to ask him to do so, and at least to tell us how far back he can trace the name, and what was the form of it when it first emerges upon record. is very out by me (7th S. v. 12) for charter evidence has Under the first heading, a suggestion thrown not produced any. I have myself accidentally come upon matter of moment to this question, not noted, so far as I know, elsewhere, though I confess my knowledge of the literature of this great feud of a country, as well as in the legends, language, limited. Let me premise that in the laws and physical characteristics of its people, history to some extent traces itself. Thus the early laws of Scotland are full of Celtic terms and usages, and the conflict between Celtic and English influence is more plainly recorded there than anywhere else. Can Celtic influence be traced in the English laws in force before 1066? And do these laws contain any evidence of the intermixture of races in the same localities? The full answer to this question is far beyond my powers; but the following notes from the Ancient Laws and Institutes of England' partly answer it. In the ordinance respecting the somewhat mysterious Dunsætas, the provision for lawmen, six of them English and six native, probably refers to disputes between Celt and Saxon, each living within his own border, and does not necessarily imply any intermixture of the one race in the recognized territory of the other. See vol. i., 'Ancient Laws' (Record Commission), O. D. 9. But a higher importance attaches to a clause in the Northumbrian Priests' Laws, by which a person accused of the practice of any heathenship was bound to clear himself by the oath of compurgators, partly his kinsmen and partly native strangers. "If a king's thane make denial then let xii be named to him and let him take xii of his kinsmen and xii Waller-wents, and if it fail then let him pay lah-slit x half-marks." See vol. ii., Ancient Laws,' N. P. L. 51. The Waller-wents (paller-pente in the original A.-S.) are explained in Thorpe's glossary to the Ancient Laws' to be the Celtic inhabitants, the men of Cumbria. It would therefore seem that here we have express recognition of Celt and Saxon not only living together in peace, but also acting side by side in the administration of English law by the then all-prevailing mode of compurgation, and that, too, at a period when the difference of race was distinctly acknowledged. It may, perhaps, be contended that the regulation I have quoted was merely for the border line; but it seems to me to be a fair inference that it was a law throughout the whole kingdom of Northumbria, and that it points to the practicability of getting a mixed jury, or body of compurgators, in any part of that kingdom. Such would seem to be the view of Hallam, who, in his 'Middle Ages' (ch. viii., middle of part i, in Murray's reprint, p. 511), translating Waller-wents as "British strangers," refers to them as being "the original natives, more intermingled with their conquerors, probably, in the provinces north of the Humber than elsewhere." "I have lately got seven Indian zodiacs in a Bengal almanack, none older than Abraham, none Egyptian, but ancient Chaldean Astronomy......I have not written yet what I see in them, fixing the origin of these and probably of all Sanscrit Astronomy to about the time of Abraham. Cancer is there, no Scarabæus." Murray says that it is remarkable that in the zodiacs of Denderah and Esneh the sign Cancer is represented by a scarabæus, not a crab (Handbook of Egypt,' p. 387). A. A. FABLE OF THE DOGS AND THE KITE (7th S. v. 387). What is the reference to Warton? In his critical examination of the 'Knight's Tale' ('Hist. of English Poetry,' section xii.) he does not mention this passage. La Fontaine has a similar fable under the title of 'L'Huitre et les Plaideurs' (Book ix. Fab. 9), for which he seems to be in debted to Jac. Regnerius, 'Apologi Phædrii,' &c., Divion., 1643, 12mo., pt. i. f. 21; or Gratianus a Sto. Elia, p. 7, 8; or to the 'Democritus Ridens.,' Amstel., 1655, 8vo., p. 217; or to Eutrapel, 'Contes et Discours,' Rennes, 1603, 8vo., c. 7; or to Arlotto Mainardi, 'Facezie,' &c., Firenze, 1568, 8vo., p. 97. The same subject is treated by Boileau, Ep. 2, à l'Abbé des Roches, vers. 41 et seq.; and by Moreau de Mautour, Fables Nouvelles,' &c., Paris, 1685, 12mo., 15. All these references are given by M. Robert in his 'Fables Inedites,' &c., Paris, 1825, 2 vols., 8vo., vol. ii. p. 218. One of a like character is also in Ogilby's 'Fables of Esop,' London, 1651, 4to., Fable 6, 'The Battaile of the Frog and Mouse,' wherein the "Kytish Prince" down like swift lightning stoops, And seiz'd both champions mauger all their troupes. M. Robert has prefixed to his edition an 'Essai sur les Fabulistes qui ont precédé La Fontaine,' which contains a notice of all the early collections of fables, in some of which perhaps there may be the fable to which Warton refers. Otherwise, may not Chaucer have invented it? Esop, as edited by De Furia (Florence, 1810), Babrius, and Syntipas, have no such fable. Many of the medieval collections are very rare, and must be sought in public libraries. W. E. BUCKLEY. fable as that to which PROF. SKEAT alludes. In I very much question the existence of such a the first edition of the collected works of Chaucer (1532) the passage runs thus : We stryven as dyd the hou'des for ye bone That faughte al day and yet her p'te was non Ther cam a cur while yt they wer so wroth And bare away the bone from hem bothe. think it far more probable that a third dog "bare away the bone" than a bird should avail itself of the quarrel. I While alluding to Chaucer, I should like to ask whether any reason can be given why Thynne, the editor of the above-mentioned edition, should have omitted the 'Preces de Chauceres' at the end of the Parson's tale, more especially as I am kindly informed by Prof. Hales that they are given in all the ancient MSS. C. LEESON PRINCE. In Roger L'Estrange's 'Fables,' the fable, which is classed by him (perhaps without reason) as by sop, concerns a lion, a bear, and a fox. L'Estrange, in his comments on the fable, alludes to the old proverb, "While two dogs are fighting for a bone a third runs away with it." This is very like the passage in Chaucer. L'Estrange, in his remarks, also says, "But then comes the kite or the fox in the conclusion"; and this seems to show that he knew two different versions of the fable. E. YARDLEY. PRAYER (7th S. v. 508).-The best-known instance of the use of this prayer is probably to be found in Dr. William King's 'Anecdotes of His deeply regret, as I full well know what that means Own Times' (1818), pp. 7-9 :to a folk-lore student. W. HENRY JONES. Mumby Vicarage, Alford, "In 1715 I dined with the Duke of Ormonde at Richmond. We were fourteen at table. There was my Lord Marr, my Lord Jersey, my Lord Arran, my Lord Lansdown, Sir William Wyndham, Sir Redmond Everard, and Atterbury, Bishop of Rochester. The rest of the company I do not exactly remember. During the dinner there was a jocular dispute (I forget how it was introduced) concerning short prayers. Sir William Wyndham told us that the shortest prayer he had ever heard was the prayer of a common soldier just before the battle of Blenheim, O God, if there be a God, save my soul, if I have a soul.' This was followed by a general laugh...... Atterbury, seeming to join in the conversation, and applying himself to Sir William Wyndham, said, 'Your prayer, Sir William, is indeed very short: but I remember another as short, but a much better, offered up likewise by a poor soldier in the same circumstances, "O God, if in the day of battle I forget Thee, do Thou not forget me!" This, as Atterbury pronounced it, with his usual grace and dignity, was a very gentle and polite reproof, and was immediately felt by the whole company. And the Duke of Ormonde, who was the best bred man of his age, suddenly turned the discourse to another subject." C. E. DOBLE. Oxford. No such prayer, I think, ever 66 came into use." The words were an ejaculation of Lord Chancellor Thurlow, uttered at the time when he and Pitt were thrown into variance by the sudden illness and the equally sudden recovery of King George III. from his mental malady. E. WALFORD, M.A. PASSAGE FROM RUSKIN (7th S. v. 508).-The passage MR. GARDINER quotes is from Ruskin's Sesame and Lilies,' Lecture ii., "Of Queen's Gardens," paragraph 90. ALEX. H. Turnbull. Sydenham Hill. [Very many correspondents reply to the same effect.] ROMAN WALL IN THE CITY (7th S. v. 466; vi. 17).-The carving of the "Bull and Mouth" has been placed in the Guildhall Museum. A. OLIVER. MR. MATTHEW ARNOLD (7th S. v. 346, 397, 472).—Will BALLIOLENSIS please to refer to the account by Dean Stanley of Dr. Arnold's death at Rugby under the remarkable circumstances there related. He will see how all this is lost by the statement that "he was found dead in his bed." CURIOSITIES OF CATALOGUING (7th S. v. 505). -These curiosities are frequent and amusing in the catalogues of second-hand booksellers. Here are three such purpurei panni, taken from cata 7, Hyde Park Mansions, N.W. Lord Astley, before he charged at the battle of Edgehill, made this short prayer: "O Lord, Thou knowest how busy I must be this day. If I for-logues lately received :get Thee, do not Thou forget me" (Hume,' vol. vii. p. 65; Life of Bp. Horne,' by Jones, p. 256, App., Lond., 1795). ED. MARSHALL. It is recorded of the veteran Earl of Lindsey that immediately before the advance at the battle of Edgehill he used this prayer: "O Lord, Thou knowest how busy I must be this day. If I forget Thee, do not Thou forget me." See Beesley's 'History of Banbury,' ii. 314. Whether this is the first instance on record of the use of the prayer I cannot say. At any rate, it has a peculiar interest from the death of the gallant old general upon the G. L. G. battle-field. 1. Percy's Reliques of Ancient English Pottery. 1 2. The New Wig Guide, 1819. 3. The Rose and the Ring, in 4 vols., by R. Browning. This last is evidently not a printer's error. as to printers, it is odd that men fairly intelligent, And, and familiar at any rate with the titles of old books, should make such mistakes as the first two. Our own dear printers in N. & Q.' are delightfully accurate in these matters; but even they are 66 viewy.' weening fondness for that easy and unmeaning They share the British printer's overcreature, the comma; they will not allow you, not even in proof, to prefer the more serious and accu rate charms of the colon and the semicolon. A. J. M. ANNAS (7th S. iv. 507; v. 37, 133, 193, 396).— Annas occurs as a woman's name in ArkengarthDale parish registers under the date 1802, and is doubtless a phonetic spelling for Agnes, from the local pronunciation of that name. An earlier form is Annise, under the date 1746. In the lists of recusants printed from the North Riding Quarter Session Records for the North Riding Record Society in 1884, Annas and Agnes are given for the same person; thus, for example, under the date 1614, the subject of one presentment, an aged widow woman of Huntington, is called Annas Foster, but in another presentment, in 1616, is styled Agnes Foster. In like manner Emott is used for Emma, Ellis for Alice, and Eden for Edith, &c.__ Where Annas, or Agnes, is given for Ann, and Isabel for Elizabeth, or vice versa, it would seem to arise from hurry or carelessness in taking down the names for the purpose of presentment. These lists of recusants are of great interest and value in illustrating the various ways in which the same Christian name was used in the former part of the seventeenth century. A very remark able woman's Christian name I met with some time since in the parish register of St. Michael's Church, Downholme, near Richmond, Yorks, in the two following extracts : John Gill & Russia Ellerton were marry'd September y' 234, 1739. William Bramley and Russia Gill were married September yo 14th, 1746. JOHN TINKLER, M.A., Vicar of Arkengarth-Dale, near Richmond, Yorks. There is no such Christian name for a woman in the Welsh language as Annas. In addition to the Gwastad Agnes, near Barmouth, mentioned by your correspondent O. (7th S. v. 193), I know of another of the same name, a small holding in the parish of Beddgelert, close to the pass of Llanberis, as well as of a slate quarry situate on a farm of the same name, viz., Tyddyn Agnes, or Agnes's Farm, in the parish of Llanllyfni, within a few miles of this town. In all of these three places, and which are a good many miles apart, the people pronounce the word as if spelt Annas, but in all deeds, documents, and registers the word is correctly spelt Agnes. Carnarvon, Edw. H. OWEN, F.S.A. TITLE OF NOVEL WANTED (7th S. v. 488; vi. 15). -I remember reading (full forty years ago) a novel of which the leading incident answers fairly well to the inquiry of TATTON. A brother and sister meet for the first time on a Robinson Crusoe island, of which they find themselves the sole occupants. Their kinship is known by them, but the man falls in love with his sister, and argues himself and her into the belief that, in their position, it will not be wrong to marry. Fortunately they are rescued before their conclusion has gone beyond the stage of theory. I recall the magniloquent truism which fitly ends the book: "I had learnt that we may not set aside divine laws in order to suit human contingencies." The name of the novel, I think, is 'Outward Bound.' The author's name I have forgotten. C. B. M. I think I can remember two or three French novels the plot of which is that described by TATTON. The one of which the title comes most readily to mind is the harrowing story 'Les Deux Diane,' by the elder Dumas, the dénoûment being all the more cruel that after the hero and heroine have gone through untold sacrifices because they think they have discovered that they are so related, when it is all too late it appears they had not been related at all. R. H. BUSK. HANOVER (7th S. v. 488).-Ebers's 'Dictionary' (1798) gives the German form of this word as Hannover, and that would seem to be the regular, derivation is from hohenufer (high shore), in which and, therefore, probably the earliest form. The compound the hohen would appear to be fitly represented in the altered form by hann, like the word huhn in the feminine is represented by henne. JULIUS STEGGALL. LORD BEACONSField and the PRIMROSE (7th S. v. 146, 416).—The notes of MR. SIKES at the above references tend to show that the idea that the primrose was Lord Beaconsfield's favourite flower is a myth-a pleasing sentiment, not a fact. The extract given at the first reference is undoubtedly from Truth; but is it a truthful statement? I think it should be noticed that Mr. T. E. Kebbel, in his recently published 'Life of Lord Beaconsfield ("Statesmen" series), distinctly asserts at p. 157 that "Lord Beaconsfield was very fond of flowers, and of them his favourite was the primrose. After his death it became the emblem of the principles which he represented, and the badge of all those who wished to be considered his disciples." Which of these conflicting statements is correct? Is Mr. Kebbel only repeating a popular fancy, or is he stating a fact? He is silent on the point, I think, in his article of "Lord Beaconsfield" in the new volume of the 'Dict. of Nat. Biog.' 165. ALPHA. F.S.A. A former Editor of 'N. & Q.' obligingly gave details of Arthur O'Bradley at 4th S. viii. 165. No one appears to have traced this hero's real origin. Bradley, I have reason to know, mutates with Brackley; but there is a Bradfield in Norfolk: ley=field. with circumstances' as to the above, has his reward, His story is generally believed, and he is set down as 'a very clever fellow. His statement was to the effect that he had in some (nameless) spot established a private mint, and then driven a roaring trade by stamping and circulating bronze pence. By this nefarious transaction NORFOLK SONG (7th S. v. 488; vi.14).-A version he had netted (he said) many thousands of pounds, and of the old Norfolk ballad 'Arthur of Bradley, oh!' was now located in some other (nameless) place enjoying commencing "Twas in the month of May," may himself thoroughly by aid of his gains. The Mint was be found in the East Anglian (vol. i. N.S., pp.it is to be feared that his large fortune is deposited in the really, however, established in his own imagination, and 172-175, December, 1885, Ipswich). There are same airy locality. The letter 'H'-previously very 118 lines of not very elegant verse. A corre- badly treated by many people-was the text from which spondent in the East Anglian claims for it a the writer preached to the papers. Having, probably, a Suffolk origin. A scrap of the song is to be found microscopic eye as well as a fertile brain, he had disin the morality of 'The Marriage of Wit and Wis- covered the addition of this character to the reverse dom,' which has come down to us in a MS. dated What the eye revealed the brain elaborated, and then the device of some of the genuine bronze pence of 1874. 1579. See also Collier's 'Bibliog. Cat.,' i. 26; pen went to work, and behold! not money, but a lie was Chappell's 'Popular Music of Olden Time,' ii. coined. The press circulated it, and thus the whole ear 539; and N. & Q.,' 3rd S. ii. 413; 4th S. viii. of England is corrupted' with a false statement about base pennies. Indeed the common topic of rail, 'bus, and tram now, is the bronze coinage and the man who the date is found to be the best weapon for breaking made a fortune by it. A penny with a letter 'H' below the ice of silence among passagers. It seems a pity to have to destroy the illusion, especially when its existence tends to excite curiosity and create discussion; but truth demands its destruction. In point of fact, the introduction of the letter 'H' on the subsidiary coinage in question is due to the authorities of the Royal Mint coins, and notably for resuscitated half-crowns, was very themselves. During the year 1874 the demand for silver great, and as bronze money, too, was in much request, it became necessary to put a portion of the latter out to contract. Now comes the secret of the letter H. The tons weight of pence for the Mint were Messrs. Heaton contractors who undertook the stamping of one hundred and Sons, of Birmingham. The officers at Tower Hill, desirous of establishing and securing the identity of the contract money, caused the initial letter of the principal of the firm in Birmingham to be imprinted on every coin One of the king's attendants was John Ash-struck at that place. In reality, all the dies furnished burnham, of the old Sussex family of that name, to whom he gave his watch, which, with other relics, was bequeathed by a later member of the family to the parish church of Ashburnham. Pilgrims, even in this century, came to touch the relics for cures; but the case of the watch having | been stolen, they were removed to Lord Ashburnham's mansion, where they are preserved, but not exhibited. EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M.A. Hastings. A. H. DEATH OF CHARLES I. (7th S. vi. 9).-Clarendon mentions but four friends of Charles I. who were present at his burial at Windsor. They were the Marquis of Hertford, the Duke of Richmond, the Earl of Southampton, and the Earl of Lindsey. See 'Continuation of Life' in the one-volume 'Hist. of Rebellion,' 1843, p. 1049. EDWARD PEACOCK. THE "H." BRONZE PENNY (7th S. v. 187, 292). -I beg to thank those correspondents who made observations on this subject (7th S. v. 292). I am somewhat surprised that none of them has given a correct answer. The "unknown person was not Mr. Ralph Heaton, of The Mint, Birmingham, but an unscrupulous individual who wrote to some of the newspapers in the early part of the year 1875, as the following extract from an article entitled All about the "H." Bronze Penny,' which appeared in a weekly publication called Iron, of Saturday, March 6, 1875, will show : "The ingenious individual who a month ago wrote to the journals, and through them promulgated a lie by the Mint to the Messrs. Heaton were so impressed CORONERS AND CHURCHWARDENS (7th S. v. 507). His |