explain when the marriage between the two families took place, and whether the Alfoxton family ever bore the above coat? Burke gives the bend as sable. Possibly the difference in the tincture may have been an error on the part of the artist. The shield, which is surmounted by the martlet ar., on cap of pretence the crest of Blake, is probably over one hundred years old, and bears the motto, "Munera decusque laboris." E. FRY WADE. Axbridge, Somerset. "ADVERBS WEAKEN ALL THE LINE."- Would any reader of N. & Q.' kindly say where this line is to be found? GRAMMATICUS. DAME DOROTHY HALL.-According to an Irish funeral certificate (Add. MS. 4820, p. 355), " Dame Dorothy Hall was married to Mr. Payly, of and was interred in St. Michael's Church, Dublin, March the 5th, 1713-4." The arms displayed at the funeral were: Gules, a chevron vair between three martlets or (Bayly), impaling Arg., three talbots' heads, erased sable, between nine crosscrosslets az. (Hall). I have endeavoured in vain to identify this lady, and shall be glad of any clue your readers may be able to furnish me. There appears to have been an Irish baronet named Bayly, of whom I can find no note in the baronetages, viz., Sir Edward Bayly, of Tinny Park, co. Wicklow, Bart. Will dated Oct. 10, 1741; had a wife Dorothy, and children Edward, Lambert, Charles, Dorothy, Arabella, and Anne-Lucinda. The arms of Hall above mentioned are on record as belonging to a family of the name at Hallow, co. Worcester, in the Visitations of that county. G. W. M. ALLUSION BY LORD CARNARVON.-Will any of your readers oblige by giving the quotation from an old Italian poet, probably Dante, to which Lord Carnarvon alludes in his letter on open churches to the Archbishop of Canterbury? BOSCOMBE. WILLIAM LESLIE HAMILTON.-Can any reader supply information concerning the father of William Leslie Hamilton, formerly Attorney General of the Leeward Islands and member of the Council at Barbadoes? He married Lady Isabella Erskine in 1770. She was married after Mr. Hamilton's death to John, fifteenth Earl of Glencairn, and having no issue the title became extinct. I know that the father of William Leslie Hamilton belonged to the family of Hamilton of Monkland. AGNES F. HAMILTON. CELTIC AND EUSKARIAN LANGUAGES.-Has any thing been recently done to trace the supposed Euskarian or Basque element in the Celtic languages? These are undoubtedly Aryan in their main features, but still, in many points, both in grammar and in many roots, unlike the other Aryan languages of Europe and Asia, e. g., in their " mutations" of consonants, in some of their inflexions, &c. Has this problem been solved in recent researches in Celtic philology? Also, have any connexions been established between them and the agglutinative languages of Eastern Europe? I know of Mr. Elton's writings, but I want to know what has been done recently by English or foreign philologists to clear up the matter. W. S. LACH-SZYRMA. "FRIAR'S LANTHORN."-This phrase in Milton's 'L'Allegro' (1. 82) is explained to mean a will-o'-thewisp. Is there any legend regarding the connexion of this night-fire with friars? If so, what is the JAMES D. BUTLER. folk-lore on the matter? Madison, Wis., U.S. SCOTCH COAL.-What is a Scotch coal? Anthony Walker, in his 'Lees Lachrymans, sive Comitis Warwici Justa,' 1673, says : "A rough herald would have found blots enough in Abner's scutcheon, and a rude pencil would have painted it with staynant colours, or a Scotch coal. Yet nothing is mentioned but what is commendable, and worthy praise."-P. 25. ANON. BROADSIDE.-I have a broadside headed 'The Duumvirate.' Beneath the title appear two hands clasped, and a ribbon bearing the motto, "Duo juncti in uno." Underneath this, framed in two ovals formed by an intertwined serpent with its tail in its mouth, are the portraits of two gentlemen, one wearing on his shoulder the ermine of a peer's robe, the other in plain dress, with curled wig, and the full jabot to his shirt showing. Between them, on the body of the serpent, "Nemo Nos Impune Lacessit." Under these portraits, in two lines : O that they were wise, that they understood this, That they would consider their latter end! Deut. xxxii. 29. Then follows a view of the Tower of London, with a scaffold, on which are a coffin, an executioner with a raised axe, and a number of figures, two of them ecclesiastics. The scaffold is surrounded by a mounted guard three or four deep, and a vast concourse of spectators. Am I right in supposing the print has reference to the execution of Lords Balmerino and Kilmarnock? There is no date nor any names, not even that of the printer; but where these should be the motto "Honi soit qui mal y pense." C. A. WHITE. Preston on the Wild Moors. LITANY OF ST. DOMINIC.-In Lea's 'History of the Inquisition,' vol. i. p. 283, we read of a certain Papal Bull by which every Dominican friar was ordered to say daily after matins " seven psalms and litanies of the Virgin and St. Dominic." The Litany of the Blessed Virgin is, of course, that commonly called the Litany of Loretto; but what is the Litany of St. Dominic? Is it possible that the rosary can be meant? ANON. PERJURY.-In vol. iv. of 'Blackstone's Commentaries,' fourth edition, p. 127, I find the following: "The punishment of perjury was anciently death; afterwards banishment, or cutting out the tongue." Can any of your correspondents do me the favour to tell me when the punishment ceased to be death? H. W. C. COURT ROLLS OF LITTLE COMPTON.-Can any of your readers favour me with any information respecting the Manor Court Rolls of Little Compton, in the diocese of Gloucester, and more particularly those dating from 1650 to 1750? R. E. L. DAVID SETON, M.P. (SCOTLAND) FOR BURNTISLAND 1665-9.-Can any person give information about this David Seton? Is this the same man as David Seton, burgess of Edinburgh 1661, and David Seton, collector of cess, Burntisland, 1666? R. S. M. W.S. Club, Edinburgh, HERALDIC.-I should feel obliged if any of your readers could tell me to whom the following coat belongs: 1 and 4, Or, a lion ramp. ; 2 and 3, Ermine, a mullet az.; over all a pretence, Arg., a chev. gu., in chief two roundles, in base a cross crosslet fitchée, a knight's helmet. Crest, lion séjant. Answers can be sent direct. J. G. BRADFOrd. 157, Dalston Lane, E. 'VERS DE SOCIÉTÉ.'-Who was the author of two volumes of miscellaneous poems bearing the above title? The work bears the name of J. Ridgway as publisher. It has (proh! nefas) no date, but must have been printed about 1820-30. The title-pages of both volumes are copper-plate, with two views of (apparently) the author's rural home, and with the appropriate motto, "Adolescens pennam admovi; senex dum perficerem factus sum." E. WALFORD, M.A. 7, Hyde Park Mansions, N.W. BREAKER.-Is breaker another term for keeper? The word occurs in the late Lord Cockburn's 'Circuit Journeys,' just published by Mr. David Douglas, Edinburgh. At p. 57 he says:— "I never enter madhouses, but the new Lunatic Asylum is very striking outside, and stands on a fine site. While asking a little boy on the road some questions about it, he used a word which it is to be hoped does not truly indicate the character of the internal treatment. He pointed out a man who was walking in a gallery as the breaker.' 'What do you call the breaker! The man that breaks the daft folk.' A lad beside us also used the term as familiar." The asylum referred to is, or was then, at Dumfries, and in the journal breaker is printed in italics. The expression seems to have struck Lord Cockburn as peculiar. Can any of your corre The tell-tale tree, 13 and the traitor tree, 14 The tree19 that with death befrights you, And the tree22 that forbids you to die? 28 What urged the Germans in vengeance to rise,25 And the tree32 neither up nor down hill? And the tree that bids the joints pain; And the tree46 that warms mutton when cold; 8 1 Tea tree. 2 Caper. 12 21 O-range. 28 33 Mistletoe. 42 Birch. 37 Plague. nut. 48 43 13 18 19 Nightshade. 20 Bread tree. 22 O-live. 29 31 23 24 25 26 Aspen. 30 Rose. 31 Sloe. 32 Plane. 35 Elm (helm). 36 Poplar. 38 Southernwood. 39 40 Hazel. 41 Rue. 44 Ivy. 45 Cotton. 46 Ash. 47 Chest49 Sage. -- The tree that's entire, and the tree that is split, The tree60 that 's immortal, and the trees61 that are not, Colchester. Poacher' in the broadest of good "Zummerzet." "THE LINCOLNSHIRE POACHER' (7th S. vi. 26, 97). -I have not read the passage in the Generation of Judges' to which ST. SWITHIN refers, but the anecdote therein given relating to the late Lord Chief Justice of England, Sir Alexander Cockburn, was not quite correctly told. I myself was present upon the occasion, and have a distinct recollection of the whole proceeding, for the reason I will presently mention. That occasion is correctly stated as having been his lordship's last circuit in the West (now some ten years ago). It was on "grand night," which for that time was held at Bristol, and the Lord Chief Justice was invited to dine at the Bar mess to meet his old circuit. It was not, however, a very young barrister" had the honour, or the "matchless coolness," to call upon the guest of the evening for a song, but a much more "senior junior," who had just finished singing, in a most inimitable manner (as he always did and does), 'The Somersetshire who 54 Sandal. 59 Cedar. 63 J. S. UDAL. ARMS WANTED (7th S. v. 507).-The arms on the china plate are those of Jaffray, of Edinburgh and of King's Wells, Scotland (see Papworth's 'Ordinary,' 1874, p. 794). The crest and motto are given in Burke's General Armory,' under Jaffrey." " G. L. G. The arms, Paly of six arg. and sa., on a fess of the first three mullets of the second, are those of Jaffray of King's Wells. See Burke's 'Armory,' and 'Scottish Arms,' by Stoddart. LEO CULLETON. "Post nubila Phoebus" is, according to Dielitz, 'Wahl und Denksprueche,' the device of a number of persons, to wit, Prince Moritz of NassauOrange, who died 1625, of the families of Ahrends, Ahnfeldt, Baldasseroni, Cranworth, Gasquet, Jack, Jaffray, Malsen, Noë, Pinkerton, Purvis, Rolfe, Shieldham, and Tarleton. A footnote in Dielitz says it is taken from 'Piers Ploughman's Vision' v., 12,908, and refers in most cases where used to the FERNOW. coat armour. [MR. E. F. WADE, MR. J. T. ABBOTT, MR. F. REDE FOWKE, and MR. E. T. EVANS reply to the same effect.] CURIOUS SUPERSTITION (7th S. vi. 87).-In my schoolboy days, now seventy years past, I remember this superstition being common among my schoolfellows in the island of Guernsey. I have no reason to suppose it to be indigenous, or known among the aboriginal Norman population of the island. I am rather inclined to think that it came from one of the southern counties, Hampshire, Dorsetshire, Devonshire, or Cornwall, with all of which, from very early times, Guernsey has had commercial relations. E. MCC This was recorded in the early years of ' N. & Q.,* as I judge from finding it mentioned at p. 66 of 'Choice Notes: Folk-Lore,' where, however, it That no bastard could span his own wrist was fully believed in at the Royal Military College when I entered, at the age of 12-13, in 1855. HAROLD MALET, Colonel. Yorkshire schoolboys used to test one another in the way and for the purpose mentioned more than twenty-five years ago, teste meipso. W. C. B. EXTRACT FROM PARISH REGISTER (7th S. v. 367; vi. 37).—I think MR. PIGOTT is quite correct in his extract of a marriage in church during the Commonwealth, for the person empowered to perform the marriage service might be the rector of the parish. In this parish (Springthorpe) there is a notice in the register that John Hallifax, the rector, was elected by the parishioners for this purpose, and appeared before the commissioner (Christ. Wray) at Lincoln, and was appointed by him to perform this service. I find marriages entered by him in the usual form. As he continued to enter births, marriages, and deaths after the Restoration, I suppose he conformed again, true to the principle of holding his living whatever changes might take place. E. LEATON BLENKINSOPP. CHARLES MARTEL (7th S. v. 508).—In connexion with this query it may be of interest to mention that Wanley, in his 'Wonders of the Little World' (1678), p. 86, says that "at the opening of the sepulcher of Charles Martel there was no part of his body to be found therein; but instead thereof a serpent was found in the place. Vid. Kornman de mirac, mortuorum, lib. 4, cap. 86, p. 35." J. F. MANSErgh. Liverpool. Sismondi mentions the legend in his 'Histoire de la Chute de l'Empire Romain,' chap. xvi.:"C'est parce que le prince Charles,......fut le premier entre tous les rois et les princes des Francs à séparer et diviser les biens des églises, que, pour cette seule cause, il est damné éternellement. Nous savons, en effet, que saint Eucherius, évêque d'Orléans, étant en oraison, fut enlevi au monde des esprits; et, parmi les choses qu'il vit et que le Seigneur lui montra, il reconnut Charles exposé aux tourments dans le plus profond de l'enfer." The story can doubtless be found in that collection of these visions made for the Philobiblon Society by M. Delepierre, called 'L'Enfer décrit par ceux qui l'ont vu.' S. A. WETMORE. Seneca Falls, New York. I have not met with a form of the legend in which the suffering spirit is that of Charles Martel. An early form (and to all appearance the parent form) is given in book iv. chap. xxx. of his 'Dialogues' by St. Gregory the Great, who died in 604. He tells it of King Theodoric. The place of the vision was the island of Lipari; St. Gregory's informant, his friend Julian. Various narratives in the 'Dialogues' have survived in popular tales. One example is the Apollo by a Jew who, by way of charm, had made nocturnal vision of demons in a ruined temple of on his forehead the Christian's sign. The cross defends him from the company, who cry, "An empty vessel, but well sealed" (iii. 7). A person known to me heard a modern version of the tale, with this form of the words, from maternal lips some forty years ago (Limerick). In another version, found at Clonmacnoise, the "vessel" has originated a barrel incident. 17 That Charles Martel had become the subject of certain legends may be gathered from a passage of Frodoard which is too long to give in full. "On lit," says this writer, "dans les écrits des Pères that St. Eucherius, Bishop of Orleans, saw in an ecstasy the punishments endured in the other world by Charles Martel for his sacrilegious spoliations. Eucherius revealed this to St. Boniface, and to Fulrad, Abbot of St. Denis, Pepin's grand almoner : "En effet, ceux-ci étant allés au lieu de la sépulture de Charles, et ayant ouvert son tombeau, il en sortit un serpent; et le tombeau fut trouvé tout-à-fait vide, et noirci comme si le feu y avait pris."-Histoire de l'Église de Rheims,' Guizot Colln., v. p. 172. Charles Martel has been conjectured to be the original of the "Charles Quint" who, according to some versions, led the Mesnie furieuse. The crater at Lipari seems to have been called Theodorici Infernum. D. F. [D. F. also supplies an illustrative story which will be found in extenso, under the head 'Pull Devil, pull Baker,' at 2nd S. iii. 316, and to which frequent reference, under the head of Booty's Ghost,' is made in subsequent series.] KITE (7th S. v. 508).-The word "kite," used in connexion with the employment of bicyclists at an election, would seem to signify that the riders were so many Sergeant Kites (see The Recruiting Officer') beating up recruits for their party. This is the sense in which it struck me when I read the passage in the newspaper. E. T. EVANS. Used figuratively. Vichy. R. S. CHARNOCK. All particulars re Hugo Lloyd can be seen in vol. i. of Wood's 'Athen. Oxon.' He was descended from a fine old family in Lleyn, a district of south Carnarvonshire, and the arms shown on the tablet mentioned by your correspondent should be described thus: Az., a chev. between three dolphins hauriant ar., for Trahairn Goch, Lord of Comitmaen in Lleyn, who was a direct descendant in the fifth degree of Rhys ap Tewdwr mawr, Prince of South Wales in 1077, and founder of the second royal tribe of Wales. The arms that are quartered -viz., Sa., a chev. between three fleur de lis ar.are those of Collwyn ap Tangno, Lord of Eivionydd, another district of South Carnarvonshire, who was the founder of the fifth noble tribe of North Wales. EDW. H. OWEN, F.S. A. Caernarvon. LOWESTOFT: ST. ROOK'S LIGHT (7th S. v. 346, 411; vi. 32).-There can be, I think, no doubt that CUTHBERT BEDE's definition of the word pingle is correct. In Halliwell's Archaic Dictionary' pingle is described as “a small enclosure, generally long and narrow (north)"; and further, that pingler (generally from pingle) was a term of contempt applied to any inferior person or animal." On the outskirts of this town, not far from the north bridge, is (or was, for I think it is now built upon) a place known as "The Pingle," a strip of inferior land, cut off from the parish of St. Margaret (to which it belongs) by the river Soar and canal on two sides, and on the other by the parish of All Saints. I well recollect it, years ago, as lying by the bank of the river like a strip of mere open waste, a sort of " no man's land." Among our borough MSS. is a deed, dated 16 Richard II., of grant and conveyance for ever, by Thomas Thornton, master of the Hospital of St. Leonard of Leycestre, to Henry Sadderby and Richard Barowe of Leicestre, of a piece of land fenced round and called 'Le Pyngulle,' lying beyond the north gate of the said town, near the water called Sore." 66 Leicester. WILLIAM KELLY, F.S.A. soils the parts of the paper that should remain I have obtained the best results with paperhangers' lining paper and a good pad of dock leaves, or other vegetation, gathered on the spot. ERNEST B. SAVAGE, F.S.A. St. Thomas, Douglas, Isle of Man. G. N. will, I think, find the following a good, and certainly an easy method of taking rubbings of inscribed stones: Place a piece of paper on the stone, and with a handful of grass rub the paper well over, and an excellent impression will be produced. While on a visit to Jedburgh, about two years age, the person in charge of the abbey gave me an excellent rubbing, produced in this fashion, of one of the inscriptions on an old tombstone. JAMES SINTON. 51, Avenell Road, Highbury, N. It should be rubbed with a small piece of linen of paper on the stone and using heel-ball.] HEATHENS (7th S. vi. 88).-The following extract from Hume's 'History of England,' chap. lxi., contains an answer to the query of your correspondent MR. A. FELS. From regard to space I give the quotation in an abridged form : "The republicans, being dethroned by Cromwell, were the party whose resentment he had the greatest reason to apprehend. That party, besides the independents, RUBBING (7th S. vi. 88).—I have often used a contained two sets of men, who are seemingly of the wisp of grass, which should be pretty long and most opposite principles, but who were then united by a juicy, twisted up tight, and bent once on itself. similitude of genius and character. The first, and most Thus it forms a knobby end with which to rub. numerous, were the millenarians, or fifth monarchy men. It answers well with any tough thin white paper, than political liberty, who denied entirely the truth of .The second were the deists, who had no other object or with thin bleached calico; but for want of better revelation, and insinuated that all the various sects, so you may use any wall paper with the white side to heated against each other, were alike founded in folly you, or even newspaper. Grass will not work off and in error. Men of such daring geniuses were not so well on a very smooth polished stone; but in contented with the ancient and legal forms of civil that case heel-ball answers, as on brasses. Black-government, but challenged a degree of freedom beyond what they expected ever to enjoy under any monarchy. lead, rubbed on dry with a bit of soft leather, will Martin, Challoner, Harrington, Sidney, Wildman, Nevil take an inscription, but it is very dirty to use, and were esteemed the heads of this small division. The |