missaries of the convention deliv-|Artaveldt, i. 79. Death of, i. 81
ered up by Dumouriez to Austria, Arthur of Brittany, i. 44.
iii. 102.
Angoumois, insurrection in, i. 209.
Anjou united to France, i. 46. Ceded
to Charles of Valois, brother of
king Philip the Fair, i. 68.
Anjou, duke of, his escape from Eng-
land, i. 88. Regency of, i. 93. In-
vades Naples ; death of, i. 94.
Anjou, duke of, set aside from the
command of the army, i. 248. Pro-
claimed count and independent
sovereign of Flanders, i. 261. Death
of, ib.
Annates, or first year's revenues, for-
bidden to be paid to the pope i. 111.
Conceded to the pope, i. 158.
Anne of Brittany, married by proxy
to Maximilian king of the Romans,
i. 135. Compelled to marry Charles
VIII. of France, ib. Marriage of,
with Louis XII. of France, i. 140.
Death of; description of her person;
her character, i. 150.
Artois, count of, killed in the battl
of Mansourah, i. 59.
Artois, count d', brother of Louis
XVI., ii. 216. Leader of the anti-
popular party, ii. 228. Takes upon
himself to direct the attack upon
the revolution, ii. 231. Flight of,
from France, ii. 233. Proclaimed
king, iii. 349.
Ascelin, bishop of Laon, forms a con-
spiracy against Charles of Lorraine,
and his nephew delivers them over
to Hugh Capet, i. 26.
Assas, chevalier d', death of, ii. 191.
Assemblée constituante, ii. 227. De
clares itself dissolved, ii. 248.
Astolphus yields up the territory
round Rome and the exarchate to
the pope, i. 16.
Austrasia, a division of the empire
of the Franks, adheres to the Ger-
man habits, language, &c. i. 7.
Auvergne, count d', confined perma
nently in the Bastile, i. 293.
Augereau, general, iii. 131.
Augustus of Saxony, king of Poland,
death of, ii. 163.
Aumale, duke of, i. 217.
Anne of Austria, marriage of, with Auray, battle of, i. 89.
Louis XIII. of France, ii. 18. Pub- Austerlitz, battle of, iii. 198.
licly reproached by her husband
with having sought a second mar-
riage, ii. 30. Several of her com-
panions exiled, ii. 36. Assumes the
name and authority of regent, ii.
55. Issues a declaration promising
to convoke the states-general, ii.
77. Her attachment to Mazarin, ii.
84. Death of; character of, ii. 90.
Annebaut, admiral d', i. 195.
Antonio de Leyva, i. 168.
Antraigues, mademoiselle d', i. 290.
Antraigues, count d', iii. 123.
Antwerp and Brussels surrender to
marshal Saxe, ii. 173.
Aquitaine subdued by the sons of
Clovis, i. 11. Restored to Edward
II. of England, i. 70.
Aretino, i. 190.
Argenteau, d', iii. 106.
Aragonese establish themselves in
Calabria, i. 66.
Arles, the city of, reduced by war,
i. 61.
Artes, bishop of, ii. 163.
B.
Babœuf, head of the club called the
Pantheon, iii. 103. Arrest of, 104.
Baden, prince of, lays siege to Ingold-
stadt, ii. 121.
Bailly, president of the constitutional
assembly, ii. 228. Refuses to depart
except by order of the assembly
alone, ii. 229. Chosen to preside
over the municipality as mayor of
Paris, in the place of Hesselles, ii.
233. Presents the keys of the city to
the king, ii. 234. Execution of, iii. 58.
Baird, general, iii. 228.
Bajazet, i. 98.
Baldwin, count of Flanders, guardian
to Philip I. of France, i. 32. Elected
emperor of the East; taken pris.
oner by the Bulgarians, i. 52. Ap-
pears in Flanders; gives an ac-
count of his captivity and escape
from the Bulgarians; condemned as
a pretender, and hanged, ib.
Barbaroux, iii. 40. 49.
Armagnac, count, a Gascon noble-
man, i. 99. Leads a little army of
his Gascon followers to Paris, i. 100.
Appointed constable; holds posses-
sion of Paris, ib. Made prisoner Barbe-Marbois, iii. 101.
and massacred by the populace, i. Barbescenas, admiral, i. 176
104.
and condemnation of, ii. 140.
Barcelona bombarded by the French
ii. 108. Surrenders to lord Peter
borough, ii. 126.
Armagnac, count, grandson of the
former, assassination of, i. 122.
Arnall, Jordan, iii. 178.
Arnaud, ii. 92.
Arques, battle of, i. 274
Arras, treaty of i. 110. Its stipula-
tions, i. 129.
Barclay de Tolly, iii. 211.
Barnave, a young Protestant barris.
ter, ii. 242. Reconducts Louis XVI
and his family to Paris, ii. 247
Barentin, chancellor, ii. 225.
Barras, member of the executive di-
rectory, iii. 100. Restores the daugh-
Bernis, cardinal de, disgraced, ana
Choiseul chosen secretary of state
ter of Louis XVI. to her family, in in his stead, ii. 189.
exchange for the commissaries of Berri, duke of, i. 118. Death of, i. 121.
the convention delivered up by Du-Bertha, widow of the count of Blois,
mouriez to Austria, iii. 102. Signs marriage of, with Robert king of
his resignation, iii. 150.
Barrère, attempts to assassinate
ry IV. of France, i. 281.
Barrère, spokesman of the Plain, his
speech, iii. 24. Trial, iii. 85.
Barri, countess du, ii. 198. Retires
from court on the death of Louis
XV. ii. 203. Execution of, iii. 68.
Barthélemy succeeds Letourneur as
member of the executive directory,
iii. 128.
Hen-Berthier, Alexander, ii. 212. The pope
dethroned, and the eternal city oc-
cupied by, iii. 138. Created a Ger-
man prince, iii. 200.
Basques, the, join the Saracens)
against the Franks, i. 18.
Bassompierre, i. 294. Sent to the Bas-
tile, ii. 37.
Bertrand de Goth, archbishop of Bour-
deaux, elevated to the popedom by
Philip the Fair, i. 72.
Bertrand, general, iii. 336.
Berwick, duke of, ii. 110. Commands
the armies of France and Spain, ii.
123. Crosses the Pyrenees, and re-
duces Fontarabia and Urgel, ii. 150.
His death, ii. 164.
Bessières, marshal, death of, iii. 263.
Bavaria, the elector of, iii. 192. Rais-Beurnonville, minister at war, iii. 37.
ed to the rank of king, iii. 199. Beziers, viscount, i. 48.
Bayard, i. 147. Made prisoner by the Biez, mareschal du, i. 206.
English in the battle of spurs, i. 149. Bignon, the French ambassador to
Repulses the imperialists before Prussia, iii. 176.
Mezières, i. 163. Death of, i. 167. Billaud Varennes,
Beatrix, youngest daughter of Ray-
mond Berenger, marriage of, with
Charles count of Anjou, i. 56.
Beaufort, duc de, ii. 55. Conspires
against cardinal Mazarin; arrest
of, ii. 57. Escapes from prison, ii.
62
Beaugenci taken by the Huguenots,
i. 238.
Beaulieu, the Austrian general, iii.
106.
pierre of being in league with the
Jacobins, iii. 72. Aspires to succeed
Robespierre, iii. 79. Trial of, iii. 86.
Biron, mareschal, i. 276. Left in com-
mand of the siege of Rouen by
Henry IV. of France, i. 278. Trea-
son of, i. 292. Intrigues with Spain;
and the whole body of the malcon-
tents betrayed by Lafin, his chief
counsellor and instigator, ib. Tried
before the parliament; condemned
and executed, i. 293.
Beck, the Austrian general, follows
the prince de Condé; a combat en-Blake, general, iii. 226.
sues, in which Condé is victorious, Blanche of Castile, mother of Louis
ii. 61.
Beda, the syndic of Sorbonne, i. 180.
Bedford, duke of, i. 106.
Beeren, battle of, iii. 266.
Bellarde, general, iii. 167.
IX., assumes the regency, i. 54.
Makes peace with Languedoc, ib.
Her death, i. 60.
Blenheim, battle of, ii. 122.
|Blucher, marshal, iii. 206.
Belleisle, maréchale, ii. 167. Death of, Boileau, iii. 19.
Belvedere, general, iii. 228.
Bême, a German follower of the duke
of Guise, assassinates Coligny, i.
252.
Benedict XI. elected pope; his death,
i. 72.
Bois-dauphin, mareschal, ii. 22.
Boissy d'Anglas, iii. 84.
Boniface VIII. pope, i. 70. Death of, ib
Bonnivet, favorite of Francis I. of
France. i. 153. Intrusted with the
command of the French army;
marches into the Milanese; wound-
ed in an engagement with the im
perialists, i. 166. His death, i. 170.
Bourdeaux surrenders to Charles VII
of France, i. 114.
Beningsen, general, iii. 210.
Bergen-op-Zoom, siege of, iii. 175.
Bernadotte, iii. 79. Dispatched by the
directory of Paris with 30,000 troops
of the army of the Rhine to rein- Boscawen, admiral, ii. 190.
force Bonaparte, iii. 123. Quarrels Bottot, secretary to Barras, iii. 149.
with the imperial court, iii. 137. Cre-Boufflers, mareschal de, ii. 111.
ated prince of Ponte-Corvo, iii. 201. Bouille, M. de, ii. 238.
Dismissed from the command, iii. Bouillon, duc de, becomes hostile to
238. Elected crown prince of Swe- the court, ii. 14. Urges the parlia
ment to meet, ii. 17. Accepts the
command of the army in Italy, ii. Brissot, ii. 253. Trial of, iii. 57. Exe
49. Arrest of, ii. 50.
Boulogne, count of, i. 50.
Bourbon, duke de, deprived of the gov-
Brittany, its independence, i.9. United
finally to the crown of France, ii. 196.
Brunswick, duke of, ii. 261. Issues a
manifesto, summoning the French
to return to their allegiance, iii. 10.
Lays siege to Longwy, and takes
it; invests Verdun with the same
success, iii. 11. Death of, iii. 206.
Brussels and Antwerp surrender to
marshal Saxe, ii. 173.
ernment of Guyenne, i. 118. Made Brittany, duke of, i. 118. Death of, i.
constable, i. 133.
Bourbon, Charles de, count de Mont-Broglie, maréchal de, ii. 164.
pensier, marriage of, with Susanne Bruges, capture of, ii. 173.
de Bourbon, i. 118. Made constable,
i. 153. Driven by injustice to league
with the enemies of his country, i.
165. Disperses his suite, and flies
with a single attendant into the
dominions of Charles V. of Austria,
i. 166. Urges the emperor to invade
France, i. 167. Raises an army and
goes to the relief of Pavia, i. 168.
Accepts the command of the Italian
armies, i. 172. Degenerates into the
reckless and ferocious corsair, i. 174.
Marches against Rome, i. 175. His
death, ib.
Buchan, earl of, arrives in France.
with 5000 of his countrymen to aid
the dauphin, i. 106. Created con-
stable of France, ib. Death of, ib.
Buckingham, duke of, ii. 28. Death
of, ii. 31.
Bourbon, Antoine de, duke de Ven-Budæus, friend and counsellor of Fran-
dôme, marriage of, with Jeanne
Austria, i. 112.
Burgot, iii. 48.
Burgoyne surrenders to the Ameri
cans, ii. 210.
Burgundians more civilized than the
Franks, i. 9. Possess the provinces
on the Rhône, from the lake of Ge
neva to the Mediterranean, i. 8.
Burgundian monarchs become Arians,
i. 10.
d'Albret, daughter and heiress of Burchard, a renegade Swiss, envoy of
the king of Navarre, i. 210.
Bourbon, Hector de, i. 170.
Bourbon, cardinal de, declared king
under the title of Charles X.; this
mock monarch made prisoner at
Tours, i. 273. Death of, i. 277.
Bourbon, duke de, displays his zeal
for orthodoxy, ii. 156. Appointed
prime minister, ib. Prepares an
edict for a new tax, called the fif
tieth, ii. 157. Commanded by the
king to retire to Chantilly, ib.
Bousset, ii. 25.
Bouvines, battle of, i. 50.
Braddock attacks Fort Du Quesne on
the Ohio, defeated by the French
and Indians, ii. 183.
Brandenburg, the elector of, founder
of the Prussian monarchy, ii. 96.
Made king of Prussia, ii. 118.
Brantôme, i. 130.
Burgundy, i. 8. Subdued by the sons
of Clovis, i. 11.
Burgundy, duke of, i. 93. Assassina-
tion of, i. 104.
Burgundy, Philip duke of, i. 104. Pro-
cures the release of the duke of Or-
leans from captivity, i. 111. His
death, i. 119.
Burgundy, duke of, grandson of Louis
XIV., death of, ii. 132.
Burgundy, duchess of, death of, ii. 132.
Burrard, Sir Harry, supersedes Sir
Arthur Wellesley in the command of
the British army in Spain, iii. 227.
Byng, admiral, ii. 184.
C.
Bretigny, a treaty concluded at, be-
tween France and England, i. 88.
Breteuil, count of, demands the for-
tress of Ivry of Henry I. of England,
i. 38.
Breteuil, baron de, ii. 231. Succeeds Cadiz taken by the English, i. 286.
Necker in the ministry, ib.
Cadoudal, George, iii. 178. Arrest of,
Brezė, mareschal de, sent as viceroy iii. 179. Trial and execution of, iii
to Barcelona by Louis XIII., ii. 47 181.
Briconnet, bishop of Meaux, i. 180.
Brienne, archbishop of Toulouse,
prime minister to Louis XVI., ii.
217. Administration of, ib. Exiles
the parliament to Troyes, ii. 218.
Retires from the ministry, ii. 220.
Brion, admiral de, i. 188. Death of, i.
194.
Brissac, military governor of Paris, i.
281. Invested with the white sash
of the Bourbons, i. 282.
Calais, siege of, i. 83. Taken by the
Spaniards, i. 285.
Calas, a Protestant, condemned by the
parliament of Toulouse to be put to
the rack for the supposed murder of
his son, ii. 196.
Calonne placed at the head of the
treasury; summons an assembly of
the notables, ii. 216.
Calvin, his zeal and learning; ban
ished from Geneva: recalled es
tablishes a religion which bears his
name, i. 186.
Calvinism, progress of, in France, i.
220.
Tambacères, iii. 100. Chosen assist-
ant consul, iii. 157. Made archchan-
cellor, iii. 184. Created duke of
Parma, iii. 200.
Cambon, iii. 18.
Jambray, the famous league of, i. 146.
Peace of, i. 177.
Campo Formio, treaty of, iii. 134.
Cape La Hogue, a naval action fought
off, which decided the fate of the
Stuarts, ii. 108.
Capponi, a magistrate of Florence, i.
137.
Captal de Buch, a Gascon knight, i. 87.
Carloman dies, leaving his brother
Charles sole monarch of the Franks,
i. 15.
Carlos, don, ii. 159. Secured in the
succession of Tuscany and Parma,
ii. 160. Marches with a small army
of Spaniards against Naples, ii. 164.
Naples and Sicily transferred from
Austria to, ii. 165.
Carnot, iii. 37. Directs Jourdan to
muster with a strong division of
the army of the Moselle, to rein-
force the wing opposed to the allied
left on the Sambre and Meuse, iii.
78. Speaks boldly against raising
Napoleon to the sovereignty, iii. 298.
Caroline Bonaparte, marriage of, with
Murat, duke of Berg, iii. 201.
Carrier, pro-consul, iii. 80. Execution
of, iii. 84.
Carva, ii. 261.
Cassel, battle of, i. 78.
Castelnau, baron of, i. 232. Execution
of, i. 233.
Castiglione, battle of, iii. 116.
Castillon, siege of, i. 114.
Castlereagh, lord, iii. 170.
Castries, mareschal de, minister of ma-
rine, ii. 212.
Catalonia acknowledges Louis XIII.
for its sovereign, ii. 47.
Catherine de Medicis, marriage of,
with Henry duke of Orleans, son of
Francis I. of France, i. 182. Obtains
the crown of Poland for the duke of
Anjou, i. 255. Nominated regent,
i. 256. Her death and character, i.
269.
Catherine Théot, a woman calling
herself the mother of God, iii. 70.
Taken up by the committee of pub-
lic safety, ib.
Catinat, ii. 107.
Caussin, father, ii. 45.
Cazotte, ii. 269.
Cæsar conquers Gaul, i. 7.
Cæsar Borgia, son of pope Alexander
VI., i. 143 Arrest and escape of;
flies to Gonsalva; sent prisoner to
Spain, i. 145.
Cerisoles, battle of, i. 198.
Chabannes, marshal de, made prison-
er; slain in a quarrel between two
captains, who disputed the honor
of having taken him, i. 170.
Chalais, count de, ii. 29.
Chamillart, ii. 127.
Champagne ruled by the counts of
Vermandois, i. 26. Invaded by the
Imperialists, i. 163. Civil war in,
i. 257.
Champ-de-Mars, i. 16.
Charlemagne, race of, established, i.
12. Encounters the Saxons, and
succeeds, i. 15. Passes the Alps;
routs the Lombards, i. 17. His love
of letters; directs his arms against
the Saracens; passes the Pyrenees;
dismantles the towns of Pampeluna
and Saragossa; compels the Arab
princes to swear fealty to him, i. 18.
Leads two expeditions against the
Saxons; overthrows their idol, ruins
his temple, and compels the people
to be baptized and swear fealty to
him, ib. Death of, i. 20.
Charleroi, capture of, by the French,
ii. 110.
Charles Martel, grandfather to Char-
iemagne, i. 11. Puts a final check
to the advances of the Saracens, i.
17.
Charles the Great succeeds his father
Pepin, conjointly with his brother
Carloman, i. 15. Raises an army;
advances beyond the Loire, ib. Sub-
dues the southerns; takes their
chief prisoner; builds the castle of
Fronsac on the banks of the Dor-
dogne, ib. Summons his captains
to meet him at Geneva, i. 16. Visits
the ancient seat of empire; received
by pope Adrian; confines the gifts
of Pepin to the church, i. 17.
Charles the Bald, i. 21.
Charles the Simple, i. 22. Sends an
archbishop to offer Rollo an entire
province, ib.
Charles of Lorraine, i. 26.
i. 27.
Charles IV., third son of Philip the
Fair, i. 75. Death of, ib.
Charles V., called the Sage, i. 89. Re-
cognizes John de Montfort, duke
of Brittany; makes peace with the
king of Navarre, i. 90. Death of, i.
92.
Charles VI. succeeds his father Charles
V., i. 93. Enters Paris as a conquer-
or, i. 96. Marriage of, with Isabella
princess of Bavaria, ib. Becomes
insane, ib. His death, i. 105.
Charles VII. acknowledged by the
country south of the Loire; his char-
raine, i. 124. Besieges Granson,
125. Defeated at Granson, leaving
to the conquerors the plunder of à
camp that rivalled that of Xerxes
in luxury and splendor, ib. His
death, i. 123.
Charles, the exiled king of England,
ii. 96.
Charles VI. of Austria secures the
succession to his daughter Maria
Theresa, by a law cailed the Prag-
matic, his death, ii. 166.
acter, i. 106. Defeats the English at
Beaujé, ib. Crowned at Rheims, i.
110. Enters his capital in triumph,
i. 11. Popularity of, ib. Deprives
the Roman pontiff of the right of
appointing to benefices, ib. Estab-
lishes a regular and standing army,
i. 113. His death, i. 115.
Charles VIII., i. 131. Betrothed to Charles II. of Spain, death of, ii. 117.
Margaret of Austria, i. 135. Invades
Italy, i. 136. Enters Lucca and Pisa,
i. 137. His triumphant entry into
Naples, i. 138. Returns to France,
i. 139. Death of, ib.
Charles IX. succeeds his brother
Francis, i. 235. Declared king by
the parliament at Rouen, i. 240.
His decision in favor of the Catho-
lics, ib. Holds a bed of justice, and
declares that the massacre of the
Protestants was by his orders, i.
254. Death of, i. 256.
Charles V. of Spain, i. 160. Declared
emperor of Austria, ib. Engages in
an expedition against the infidels
on the coast of Africa, i. 183. In- Charolois, count of, i. 117.
vades France, i. 188. Repulsed from Chartres, duc de, iii. 26.
Marseilles and Arles, i. 189. De-Chatham, lcrd, iii. 238.
Charles, elector of Bavaria, aspires to
the imperial crown, ii. 167. Death
of, ii. 171.
Charles, archduke, iii. 114. Defeats
the French general Jourdan, ib.
Opposes war at the Austrian court,
iii. 192.
Charles IV. of Spain, iii. 221. Com-
pelled to sign his abdication, iii. 223.
Charlotte Corday, a young Norman
girl, iii. 54. Execution of, for the
murder of Marat, ib.
clared a vassal to the king of France Chateaubriand, the edict of, against
for the provinces of Flanders and heretics, i. 214.
Artois, ib. Embarks for Spain, Chateaubriand, M. de, iii. 189.
i. 190. Sails for Barcelona; driven Château Cambresis, the peace of, i. 227.
upon the coast of Provence; desires Chateauroux, duchess of, ii. 170
an interview with the king of Death of, ii. 171.
France, i. 191. Obtains permission Chatillon, duc de, ii. 69.
to pass through France, i. 192. Chatillon, the congress of, iii. 270.
Leads an expedition against Al-Chaucer, i. 47.
giers, i. 195. Surprises Cambray, i. Chaumette, procureur of commune,
197. Invests St. Dizier, i. 199. Con- iii. 64. Execution of, iii. 66.
cludes a treaty with Francis I. of Chauvelin, the chancellor, ii. 165.
France at Crespy, i. 200. Besieges Chevreuse, madame de, ii. 30.
Farnese and Parma, i. 212. Raises Childeric III., the last of the Merovin-
the siege of Metz, i. 217. Makes
himself master of Terouanne and
Hesdin, ib. Resigns the crown of
Spain in favor of his son Philip, i.
219.
Charles of Lorraine, i. 26.
Charles count of Anjou, i. 56. Mar-
ries Beatrix, daughter and heiress
of Raymond Berenger, and secures
to himself the county of Provence,
i. 57. Death of, i. 67.
Charles II. of Naples, son of Charles
of Anjou, cedes his county of Anjou
to Charles of Valois, i. 68.
Charles of Valois, i. 68.
Charles of Blois, i. 80. Death of, i. 89.
Charles the Bad, king of Navarre, i.84.
Charles of Durazzo, i. 94.
Charles duke of Burgundy, i. 119. En-
ters Picardy, ravages it, and de-
stroys the population; acquires the
name of Charles the Terrible, i. 122.
Obtains the duchy of Gueldres by
purchase, i. 123. Conquers Lor-
gians, dethroned by Pepin, i. 12.
Choiseul, duc de, made secretary of
state, ii. 189. Seeks fresh support;
secures it by an alliance with Spain,
ii. 191. Takes the part of the legists;
allows them a complete triumph
over the clergy, ii. 194. Conquers
Corsica; provokes a war with Eng-
land, ii. 197. Ceases to be minister,
ii. 198. Exiled to his country-seat
at Chanteloupe, ii. 199.
Christianity introduced into Gaul by
the Romans, i. 7. Introduced among
the Franks, i. 10.
Christophe Beaumont, archbishop of
Paris, ii. 179. Persecutes the Jan-
senists, ib. Exiled to his country-
seat, by the order of the king, ii. 185.
Cinq-Mars, ii. 48. Execution of, for
attempting to assassinate cardinal
Richelieu, ii. 51.
Civilization, progress and results of
in France, during the reign of
Francis I., i. 196.
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