While airs impregnated with incense play So thou, with sails how swift! hast reached the shore Cowper. While on light step enamoured Zephyr springs, Darwin. FAN, in husbandry. The machine used for this purpose by the ancients seems to have been of a form similar to ours. The fan, which Virgil calls mystica vannus Iacchi, was used at initiations into the mysteries of the ancients for, as the persons who were initiated into any of the mysteries, were to be particularly good, this instrument, which separates the wheat from the chaff, was the fittest emblem that could be of setting apart the good and virtuous from the vicious and useless part of mankind. It is figuratively applied in a similar manner Luke iii. 17. FANS, ANCIENT. That the use of the fan was known to the ancients is very evident from what Terence says, Cape hoc flabellum, et ventulum huic sic facito: and from Ovid, De Arte Amandi, i. 161. Profuit et tenues ventos movisse flabello. The fans of the ancients were made of different materials; but the most elegant were composed of peacocks' feathers, or perhaps painted so as to represent a peacock's tail. FANS, MODERN. The custom which prevails among European ladies, of wearing fans, was borrowed from the east, where the hot climate renders the use of them almost indispensable. In the east they chiefly use those of large size, and made of feathers, to keep off the sun and flies. In Italy and Spain they have a sort of square fan, suspended in the middle of their apartments, and particularly over the tables: these, by a motion given them, which they retain a long time on account of their perpendicular suspension, help to cool the air and drive off insects. In the Greek church, a fan is put into the hands of the deacons in the ceremony of their ordination, in allusion to a part of the deacon's office in that church, which is to keep the flies off the priests during the celebration of the sacra A church whose doctrines are derived from the clear fountains of the Scriptures, whose polity and discipline are formed upon the most uncorrupted models of antiquity, which has stood unshaken by the most furious assaults of Popery on the one hand, and fanaticism on the other; has triumphed over all the arguments of its enemies, and has nothing now to contend with but their slanders and calamities. Rogers. The double armature of St. Peter is a more destructive engine, than the tumultuary weapon snatched up by a fanatick. Decay of Piety. It is the new fanatical religion, now in the heat of its first ferment, of the rights of man, which rejects all establishments, all discipline, all ecclesiastical, and in truth all civil order, which will triumph, and which will lay prostrate your church; which will destroy your distinctions; and which will put all your properties to auction, and disperse you over the earth. Burke. Cowper. FANATICS. The ancients called those fanatici, who passed their time in fana, temples, and being, or pretending to be, often seized with a kind of enthusiasm, as if inspired by the divinity, showed wild and antic gestures. Prudentius represents them as cutting and slashing their arms with knives. Shaking the head was also common among the fanatici; for Lampridius informs us that the emperor Heliogabalus was arrived to that pitch of madness, as to shake his head with the gashed fanatics. FANCOURT (Samuel), a dissenting minister, born in the west of England in 1678. He became pastor of a congregation at Salisbury, whence he was obliged to remove for rejecting the Calvinistic opinions of election and reprobation. He then went to London, where he established the first circulating library, about the year 1740, but in this he was not greatly encouraged. He wrote some controversial tracts, and died in low circumstances in 1768. FAN'CY, n. s., v. n. & v. a. Fr. fantasie; Italian fantasia; Latin phantasia; Greek φαντασια : See FANTASY. This is evidently a contraction of that word. Imagination; the mental power of framing to ourselves images or representations of things or persons: hence an imaginary as distinct from a well-founded opinion; and the image made; conception; supposition: also liking; inclination; attachment; humor or caprice; love to fancy, as a verb neuter, signifies to verb to pourtray in the mind; to imagine; be imagine or believe on slight grounds: as an active pleased or gratified with. Fancy-free is used by Shakspeare for free from love; fancy-monger is one who deals in imaginary conceits or tricks; fancy-sick, one of unsound imagination. Men's private fancies must give place to the higher judgment of that church which is in authority ever them. Hooker. How now, my lord, why do you keep alone; Tell me where is fancy bred, Id. Merchant of Venice. Ninus both admiring her judgment and valour, together with her person and external beauty, fancied her so strongly, as, neglecting all princely respects, he took her from her husband. Raleigh. The altering of the scent, colour, or taste of fruit, by infusing, mixing, or cutting into the bark or the root of the tree, herb, or flower, any coloured, aromatical, or medicinal substance, are but fancies: the cause is, for that those things have passed their period, and nourish not. Bacon's Natural History. What treasures did he bury in his sumptuous buildings? and how foolish and fanciful were they? Hayward. Albertus Magnus, with somewhat too much curiosity, was somewhat transported with too much fancifulness towards the influences of the heavenly motions, and astrological calculations. Hale. It would show as much singularity to deny this, as Garth. it does a fanciful facility to athrm it. Shakespeare, fancy's sweetest child! Are many lesser faculties, that serve True worth shall gain me, that it may be said Desert, not fancy, once a woman led. Dryden. Id. But he whose noble genius is allowed, Who with stretched pinions soars above the crowd; Who mighty thought can clothe with manly dress, He whom I fancy, but can ne'er express. One that was just entering upon a long journey, took up a fancy of putting a trick upon Mercury. L'Estrange. Tis not necessity, but opinion, that makes men miserable; and when we come to be fancysick, there's It was an imperfect view of reason, or, perhaps, the decayed remains of an ancient tradition, which seemed rather to float on men's fancies than sink deep into their hearts. Id. Love is by fancy led about, From hope to fear, from joy to doubt : Divinely graced in every feature, Granville. The little chapel called the Salutation is very neat, and built with a pretty fancy. Love and hate are fancy all. Addison. The politician would be contented to lose three years in his life, could he place things in the posture which he fancies they will stand in after such a revolution of time. Id. Some fanciful men have expected nothing but confusion and ruin from those very means, whereby both that and this is most effectually prevented. Woodward's Natural History. A resemblance in humour or opinion, a fancy for the same business or diversion, is a ground of affection. The sultan of Egypt kept a good correspondence with the Jacobites towards the head of the Nile, for fear they should take a fancy to turn the course of Arbuthnot. that river. Imaginary evils soon become real ones by indulging our reflections on them; as he who in a melancholy fancy sees something like a face on the wall or the wainscot, can, by two or three touches with a lead pencil, make it look visible, and agreeing with what he fancied. Swift. Young. Who lives to Nature rarely can be poor; Who lives to fancy never can be rich. He seemed, through the day, to be swallowed up in profound meditation, and, through the night, he was disturbed with those visionary terrors which make an impression upon a weak understanding only or a disordered fancy. Robertson's History of Scotland. To thee my fancy took its wing, I sat, but neither heard or saw : Though this was fair, and that was braw, the toast of a' the town. Burns. And yon That a people beset with such real and imaginary bugbears, should fancy themselves dreaming, even when awake, of corpses, and graves, and coffins, and other terrible things, seems natural enough; but that their visions ever tended to any real or useful discovery, I am much inclined to doubt. O'er fancied injury Suspicion pines, Beattie. And in grim silence gnaws the festering wound Deceit the rage-imbittered smile refines, And Censure spreads the viperous hiss around. Not that against her fancied weal His heart though stern could ever feel; Affection chained her to that heart; Ambition tore the links apart. At intervals, some bird from out the brakes Starts into voice a moment, then is still. There seems a floating whisper on the hil!, But that is fancy, for the starlight dews All silently their tears of love instill, Weeping themselves away, till they infuse Deep into Nature's breast the spirit of her hues. Id. Childe Harold. FAND for found. It is retained in Scotland. This when as true by tryal he out find, He bade to open wide his brazen gate. Spenser. FANE, n. s. Fr. fane; Lat. fanum. A temple; a place consecrated to religion. A poetical word. Nor fane nor capitol, The prayers of priests, nor times of sacrifice, Embarments all of fury, shall lift up Their rotten privilege. Shakspeare. Coriolanus. Old Calibe, who kept the sacred fane Of Juno, now she seemed. Dryden's Eneid. Yet some to fanes repaired, and humble rites Performed to Thor and Woden, fabled gods, Who with their votaries in one ruin shared. Philips. A sacred fane in Egypt's fruitful lands, Tickell. The fields are ravished from the industrious swains, From men their cities, and from gods their fanes. Pope. In every storm that either frowns or falls, What an asylum has the soul in prayer! And what a fane is this in which to pray! And what a God must dwell in such a fane! Young. Funes, bulwarks, mountains, worlds, their tempest whelms : Yet glory braves unmoved the' impetuous sweep, Fly then, ere, hurled from life's delightful realms, Thou sink t' Oblivion's dark and boundless deep. Beattie. FA'NFARON, n. s. Į French, from the SpaFANFARONADE. nish. Originally in Arabic it signifies one who promises what he cannot perform. A bully; a hector; a blusterer. Virgil makes Æneas a bold avower of his own virtues, which, in the civility of our poets, is the character of a fanfaron or hector. Dryden. The bishop copied this proceeding from the fanfaronude of Monsieur Bouffleurs. Swift. There are fanfarons in the trials of wit too, as well as in feats of arms; and none so forward to engage in argument or discourse as those that are least able to go through with it. L'Estrange. Sax. Fangen, fengen, FANG, v. a. & n. s. FANG LED, adj. to seize; Goth. fanga; FANG LE, n. s. Belg. vangen: vang is FANGLED NESS, n. s. still used in the West FANG LESS, adj. of England. To seize ; grasp; gripe: as a substantive, it means that by which an animal seizes or lays hold of its prey; hence the tusks of the boar, the teeth of the lion, &c., have this name; and any remarkable toothlike protuberance: fanged is furnished with fangs or long teeth: a fangle is an attempt; a scheme: fangledness, idle scheming; fangled, fashioned; made; hence new fangled,' is new fashioned; trifling: fangless, toothless. Quick wits be in desire new fangled, and in purpose Ascham. unconstant. -In his hand a burning hart he bare, Destruction fang mankind! Shakspeare. Timon. Not Scythians, nor fierce Dacians, onward rush With half the speed, nor half so swift retreat : In chariots, fanged with scythes, they scour the field, Drive through our wedged battalions with a whirl, And strew a dreadful harvest on the plain. Philips. The protuberant fangs of the yuca are to be treated like the tuberoses. Evelyn's Kalendar. FA'NNEL, n. s. Fr. fanon. A sort of ornament like a scarf, worn about the left arm of a mass-priest when he officiates. Item, a suite of vestmentes of blewe velvette; with albes, stoles, and fannels, agreeable. Will of S. T. Pope. FANO, a well built manufacturing town and bishop's see of the papal state, in the legation of Ancona. It is walled, and contains a noble Square, and several churches, with elegant paintings; also an academy, a library, and opera-house. Silk is the staple commodity. The town contains, among other remnants of antiquity, the ruins of a triumphal arch; and was anciently called Fanum Fortunæ, from a temple built here to Fortune, after the defeat of Asdrubal by the Romans. Near this place also Narses obtained a victory over Theia, king of the Goths. It was destroyed by Totila, and rebuilt by Belisarius. Population 7500. Sixteen miles E. N. E. of Urbino, and thirty-two north-west of Ancona. FANO (the ancient Othanus, Uphanus, and Calypso), a small rocky island, north-west of Cape Sidero, in the island of Corfu. It commands a complete view of the adjacent navigation of the Adriatic. Population 500, chiefly Greeks. Long. of the northern extremity, 19° 32′ E., lat. 39° 45' N. FANO, CAPE, a promontory of Norway, in lat. 70° 30' N. FANOE, a small island of Denmark, near North Jutland, opposite the town of Rypen. It is about fifteen miles in circumference, and has a considerable shipping trade. Population 2300. Long. 9° 43′ E., lat. 55° 25′ N. FANSHAW (Sir Richard), a celebrated ambassador, was the son of Sir Henry Fanshaw of Ware Park in Hertfordshire, and was born about 1607. In 1635 he was employed by king Charles I., and sent resident to the court of Spain; whence, being recalled in 1641, he adhered to the royal interest, and was employed in several important matters of state. At the restoration he was made master of the requests; a station in those times of considerable profit. In 1661 he was sent envoy to Portugal; and, in 1662, with the title of ambassador; when he negociated the marriage of Charles II. with the infanta Catherina. Upon his return he was made a privy counsellor. In 1664 he was sent ambassador to both Spain and Portugal; at which time the foundation of peace betwixt those crowns and England was laid by him. His conduct during his former employments in those courts gained him such esteem, that his reception was magnificent, beyond any thing before known; and which those kings declared was not to be a precedent to succeeding ambassadors. He died at Madrid in 1666, on the day he had fixed for his return to England. Besides some original poems, he published a translation of Bathista Guarini's Pastor Fido, and another of the Lusiad of Camoens. Among his posthumous publications are, Letters during his embassies in Spain and Portugal; with his life prefixed. FANSHAW, CAPE, a cape on the north side of Frederick's sound, and on the west coast of North America. Long. 226° 44′ E., lat. 57° 11′ N. FANTASIA, in the Italian music, signifies fancy; and is used for a composition, wherein the composer ties himself to no particular time, but ranges according as his fancy leads, amidst various movements, different airs, &c. This is otherwise called the capricious style: before sonatas were used, there were many of this kind, some of which still remain. FANTASY, n. s. Fr. fantasie: Ital. FANTASIED, adj. Span., Port., and Lat. FANTASM, N. s. fantasia; Gr. pavFANTASTIC, adj. Taoia, show, parade. FANTASTICAL, Fancy; imagination; FANTASTICALLY, adv. idea; whim: fanFANTASTICNESS, n. s. tasm, fantasticness, FANTASTICALNESS. and fantasticalness, have the same meaning: fantasied is filled with wild imaginations, or conceits: fantastic, and fantastical, imaginary; irrational; not real; capri cious; uncertain. They put such words in the mouths of one of these fantastical mind-infected people that children and Sidney. musicians call lovers. I dare not assume to myself to have put him out of conceit with it, by having convinced him of the fantasticalness of it. Tillotson. Preface. One caunot so much as fantastically chuse, even or odd, he thinks not why. Grew's Cosmologia. We are taught to clothe our minds as we do our bodies, after the fashion in vogue: and it is accounted fantasticalness, or something worse, not to do so. Locke. But how a body so fantastic, trim, Your playful trains, on sultry islands born, Darwin. There with a little tinge of Phantasy, Fantastic faces moped and mowed on high, And then a mitre or a shrine would fix The eye upon its seeming crucifix. Byron. FANTEES, once a numerous and powerful race of Africans, on the Gold Coast, extended their influence from Cape Coast to Acra, and in the interior to the frontier of Ashantee. Many years ago they were subject to the latter power; but threw off their allegiance: latterly the Ashantees have poured down upon them in such numbers, that they have almost extirpated this race. They are in the immediate neighbourhood of our forts, and governed by several magistrates called pynins, generally chosen by the public; but some claim an hereditary right to their office. The laws are strictly executed; and great crimes are said to be rare, especially since the cessation of the slave trade. Yet these people are described as very litigious, and often plead their own cause with great ability. Polygamy prevails amongst them universally; girls become women at the early age of ten, and boys men at twelve. Their decline is equally quick, and begins at the period when both sexes, in temperate climates, arrive at full maturity. The first wife, however, generally has the sole management of the domestic concerns. Any female whose virtue is suspected is made to swallow a quantity of a certain species of bark, to which large draughts of water are added; when if the whole be retained on the stomach she is considered guilty, if otherwise, innocent. The dress of each sex consists of a piece of cloth wrapped loosely about the body. This garment is fastened round the waist by a girdle or zone, called a tombah, to which women of rank have a number of silver keys suspended. A Fantee may be known from other Africans, by small scarifications on the upper part of the cheek bones, and on the back of the neck. Both men and women are cleanly. Pepper is a universal ingredient in all their dishes, of which the principal is fish, or poultry made into soup. It is eaten with a pudding of yams or plantains, or with the bread of the country, which is made of maize. The Assins, a smaller nation, were fixed in 1806 between the Fantees and Ashantees, and agitated at that time with internal divisions; one of the parties appealed to the monarch of the Ashantees, who, being thus furnished with a ground for interfering in the disputes, from an arbitrator soon became a party, and, attacking the adversaries of his clients, compelled them to retire into the country of the Fantees, where the Ashantees resolved to follow and punish the Fantees for affording their enemies an asylum. This brought them into the vicinity of one of our forts, the governor of which wished to send a flag of truce to treat with the invaders, who had advanced to within fifteen miles of our garrison. The Fantees disapproved of the mission, and in consequence of it the mediation of the British officer was not proposed: when it was afterwards offered it was rejected. The Fantees in Anamaboe, a town surrounding our fort, were confident in their powers to resist the attack of the Ashantees; but when it was made they behaved with great cowardice, and were defeated with a slaughter, by which two-thirds of a population of 15,000 were destroyed. Part of the fugitives took shelter under the guns of our fort, whilst the aged, the infirm, and infants, were secure within it. In the heat of the battle accidental rather than designed hostilities passed between the conquerors and the English garrison. They soon ceased, however, and a good understanding was established. Soon afterwards a meeting took place between the king of the Ashantees and colonel Torrane, the governor-in-chief of the English forts, which led to some amicable arrangements, and especially saved from death the numerous poor creatures secured within the fort. These circumstances led to the mission of Mr. Bowdich to ASHANTEE, noticed under that article. The first part of his journey was through the country before possessed by the Fantees. It had felt the scourge of war; and though the soil was good, and the vegetation flourishing, there was a great scarcity of food for the few remaining inhabitants. At a village called Payntree, the mission first began to see something of the domestic life of these half civilised negroes. They remained there a day to procure provisions for their journey; and Mr. Bowdich says, 'I walked with Mr. Tadlie along a very neat path, well fenced and divided by stiles, to a corn plantation of at least twenty acres, and well cultivated. Payntree's farmhouse was situated here, and afforded superior conveniences; a fowl-house, a pigeon-house, and a large granary raised on a strong stage. As we returned we paid him a visit, and were refreshed with some excellent palm wine; his dwelling was a square of four apartments, which were entered from an outer one, where a number of drums were kept; the angles were occupied by the slaves; and his own room, which had a small inner chamber, was decked with muskets, blunderbusses, cartouch belts fantastically ornamented, and various insignia. The order, cleanliness, and comfort surprised us the sun had just set, and a cheerful fire on a clean hearth supported the evening meal. The old man was seated in his state chair, diverting himself with his children and younger wives; the elder one was looking on from the opposite apartment, with happy indifference: it was the first scene of domestic comfort I had witnessed among the natives.' p. 18. As the journey proceeds Mr. Bowdich describes the face of this country, and the prospects around them, in glowing colors. FANUM, among the Romans, a temple or place consecrated to some deity. The demigods among the heathens had likewise their fana; and even Cicero erected one to his daughter Tullia. FANUM VACUNA, in ancient geography, a village of the Sabines, situated between Cures and Mandela; where stood the temple of Vacuna, goddess of the idle or unemployed, in an old de |