LESSON 130 - COMPOSITION 1. Conversation and Discussion. Longfellow may have had friends of his own in mind when he wrote the description of Hiawatha's friends. He has told us more about their characters than he has about their personal appearance. You may not be able to describe a person's character, but you can tell about his height, his complexion, the color of his hair and eyes, and the appearance of his face. Describe one of your classmates without mentioning his name. Make your description so clear that your classmates can guess the name. Always be kind and courteous when you are describing your classmates or persons known to them. It is not kind to draw attention to defects or disfigurements or to peculiarities of clothing. 2. Written Exercise. Write the opening paragraph of your description. LESSON 131 - SEPARATE AND JOINT OWNERSHIP 1. Development. 1. Will's and Harry's sleds are new. 2. Will and Harry's sled is new. 3. Julia's and Laura's chickens are Leghorns. 4. Julia and Laura's chickens are Leghorns. What is the difference in form between the first and second sentences? The difference in meaning? What is the difference in form between the third and fourth sentences? The difference in meaning? In sentence 1, Will and Harry own sleds separately; in sentence 2, they own a sled together, or jointly. Learn: To show separate ownership when two or more names are given, each noun should have the genitive form. To show joint ownership, only the last name in the series should have the genitive form. Tell whether the following sentences show separate or joint ownership: 1. Have you read about Lewis and Clark's expedition? tions? 3. This is Jones and Bronson's store. 4. Simpson's and Gerard's are large grocery stores. 2. Written Exercise. Write two sentences that show separate ownership by two or more persons. Write two sentences that show joint ownership. 3. Ask, Asked, Asked. Repeat the following sentences to yourself several times and be prepared to take part in the rapid repetition of them in class, each pupil giving a sentence: 1. I ask now. 2. I asked yesterday. 4. He asks now. 5. He asked yesterday. 3. I have asked many times. 6. He has asked many times. 7. We ask now. 8. We asked yesterday. 9. We have asked many times. Answer these questions, using forms of ask: 1. Did you ask for this? 2. Did he ask for it? 5. Who has asked for it? Be prepared to ask other members of the class these questions and to judge the correctness of the answers. Read these sentences, filling the blanks with proper forms of the verb ask: 1. Development. 1. Each has its place. 2. Some do more than others. 3. Few write such poems. 4. All were stirred by the music. 6. Everyone was helped by him. The italicized words in the above sentences take the place of nouns and are therefore pronouns. They do not represent or refer to any particular person or thing and are therefore called indefinite pronouns. Learn: Such words as each, all, some, few, many, and everyone, when used in place of nouns, are called indefinite pronouns. Many of the indefinite pronouns, like many other pronouns, may also be used as adjectives. These are: any, all, both, each, either, neither, other, another, few, some, much, many, more, most, several, such. Other words that may be used and classified as indefinite pronouns are: one and the various compound forms made with it — anyone, no one, none, each one, everyone, someone; aught and naught; other compound forms made with the words body and thing anybody, everybody, nobody, somebody, anything, everything, nothing, something; still more elaborate compounds like anyone else, somebody else, and the others that can be made by adding else, to preceding words in the list. Some of these words are occasionally called nouns; but since they are not really names of anything or anybody, it seems best to call them pronouns. Notice that some of these indefinite pronouns are singular and require the use of a singular verb; others are plural and require a plural verb. When you use an indefinite pronoun as singular, you must be very careful to make other words referring to it singular, as in the first and sixth sentences below. Read these sentences, filling each blank with is or are: LESSON 133 · COMPOSITION 1. Conversation and Discussion. How Could Hiawatha and His Friends Help the "Tribes of Men"? (a) By stirring their noble feelings - peacefulness, goodwill, and love. (b) By discouraging mischief-makers those who gossip, tell untruths, and breed ill-will. (c) By keeping their confidence the "village listened" Write sentences containing the above pairs of names used to show separate possession; used to show joint possession. 2. Sing, Sang, Sung. Repeat the following sentences to yourself several times and be prepared to take part in the rapid repetition of them in class, each member giving a sentence: 1. I sing now. 2. I sang yesterday. 3. I have sung every day. 4. The song was sung by the children. |