also. Because of its use, however, it is often called the possessive case. Learn: The form of a noun that shows possession is called the genitive case. 2. The Genitive of Connection. The day's toil had wearied him. In the above sentence, day's is the form that shows possession. You know, of course, that the day did not possess toil. There is, however, a connection between day and toil, and this connection is indicated by the genitive case. Thus the genitive may indicate either possession of or connection with, and is accordingly called either the genitive of possession or the genitive. of connection. 3. Written Exercise. Copy five sentences from your reader, each of which contains a noun in the genitive case. Write sentences containing these examples of the genitive of connection: the summer's toil the day's duties LESSON 79 - - SUMMARY OF THE PARTS OF SPEECH 1. The Parts of Speech. You have now learned the different classes into which words are divided according to their use in sentences. These classes or groups are called the parts of speech. There are eight parts of speech, as follows: The classes into which words are divided according to their use in sentences are called the parts of speech. Classify according to form the sentences given below. Classify the clauses and tell the subject and the predicate of each. Tell what each word does in the sentence and what part of speech it is. 1. A cottager and his wife lived on the mountain side. 2. They lived near a dashing brook. 3. The brook sang and leaped and trotted on. 4. A troop of childlike forms came from that cold moun Answer the following questions, using sing, sang, has sung, or have sung: 1. Did you sing in school today? 2. What did you sing? 3. When did you sing this song? 4. What part did you sing? 5. Have you sung "America" today? 6. Has he sung "The Long, Long Trail"? Be prepared to ask your classmates these or similar questions and to judge the correctness of the answers. Read the following sentences, filling each blank with the proper form of the verb sing: LESSON 80 - CURRENT EVENTS Be prepared to make a report upon a current event of local or general interest, such as a sleigh ride, a party, an ice carnival, or a fire. Make an outline to guide you in your talk. LESSON 81-CURRENT EVENTS Write the report you gave in the preceding lesson. Test your work by the form given on page 5. LESSON 82-HALF-YEARLY SUMMARY 1. Classes of Sentences According to Form: (a) A simple sentence contains but one statement or one question (p. 12). (b) A compound sentence contains two or more independent clauses (p. 14). (c) A complex sentence contains a principal clause and one or more subordinate clauses (p. 18). 2. The Order of a Sentence: (a) When the subject of a sentence precedes the predicate, the sentence is said to be in natural order (p. 6). (b) When the subject of a sentence follows the predicate, the sentence is said to be in transposed order (p. 6). 3. The Parts of a Sentence: (a) The Subject - simple, compound; (1) A subject that has but one principal word is called a simple subject (p. 10). (2) A subject that has two or more principal words joined by a connecting word is called a compound subject (p. 10). (b) The Predicate - simple, compound; (1) A predicate that has but one principal asserting word is called a simple predicate (p. 10). (2) A predicate that contains two or more asserting words joined by a connecting word is called a compound predicate (p. 10). 4. Phrases and Clauses: (a) A group of related words that does not contain a subject or a predicate is called a phrase (p. 81). (1) A group of asserting words is a verb phrase (p. 58). (2) A phrase that modifies a noun or a pronoun is called an adjective phrase (p. 81). (3) A phrase that modifies a verb, an adjective, or an adverb, is called an adverbial phrase (p. 81). (4) A phrase introduced by a preposition is called a prepositional phrase (p. 85). (b) A part of a sentence containing a subject and a predicate is called a clause (p. 13). (1) A clause that can be used alone is called a principal, or independent, clause (p. 17). (2) A clause that cannot be used alone is called a subordinate, or dependent, clause (p. 17). 5. The Parts of Speech: The classes into which words are divided according to their use in sentences are called the parts of speech (p. 104). (a) The Noun Common and Proper (p. 28). (b) The Pronoun Personal (p. 32), Relative (p. 33), Interrogative (p. 33), Possessive (p. 34), Demonstrative (p. 34). The word or words for which a pronoun stands are called its antecedent (p. 32). (c) The Adjective: (1) An adjective that changes the meaning by describing a person or thing is called a descriptive adjective (p. 40). (2) An adjective that tells which, how many, how much, etc., is called a limiting adjective (p. 40). An adjective in the predicate, describing or limiting the subject, is called a predicate adjective (p. 61). Adjectives are usually, but not always, placed before the words they modify (p. 41). Some words may be used as either adjectives or pronouns (p. 42). (d) The Verb: (1) A verb that asserts action performed directly upon an object is called a transitive verb (p. 70). (2) A verb that does not assert action performed directly upon an object is called an intransitive verb (p. 71). A verb that does not require a direct object or a predicate noun, pronoun, or adjective to complete its meaning is called a complete verb (p. 71). A verb that is used to connect the subject of a sentence with a predicate noun, pronoun, or adjective is called a linking verb (p. 72). (e) The Adverb (p. 78). An adverb is a word that modifies the meaning of a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. |