whether, as a subject of ancient Rome could hold himself free from indignity by saying "Civis Romanus sum," a British subject in a foreign country should not be protected by the vigilant eye and the strong arm of his Government against injustice and wrong. In a subsequent evening Mr. Gladstone questioned the fitness of the allusion, which on the following night, the last of the debate, was eloquently justified by Mr., now Lord Chief Justice, Cockburn. C. T. B. BOOKS PUBLISHED BY SUBSCRIPTION (5th S. xii. 68, 117, 150.) From the origin of this practice I notice you have come to remarkable instances; among such the following may be worthy of a place. In 1750 there was published at Oxford a goodly octavo entitled Miscellanies in Prose and Verse, by Mary Jones. The authoress was an Oxford lady, related to one of the dons there, and a friend of Dr. Johnson's. Whatever may be the merit of the book, the lady's capability, or rather influence, must have been great, for she exhibits no less than 1,680 subscribers, including 332 upon royal paper. It is not that the number is unexampled, but rather the eminent names of her patrons, composed of the élite of society. English royalty is certainly not at the head of the 150 noble and titled persons; it includes, however, the Prince of Orange and his family, followed by members of the hierarchy, M.P.s, D.D.s, LL.D.s, M.D.s, both army and navy representatives, nor is the theatre behind with its highest ornament, Garrick. On the whole, I should say that in extent and weight Mary Jones's subscription list is unparalleled, and the eyes of both authoress and publisher must have glistened when the book was launched. J. O. HAWTHORNE'S "MOSSES FROM AN OLD MANSE" (5th S. xii. 47, 135, 158.)-At the first of the above references I inquired who Peter Rugg, the missing man of Boston, who figures in Hawthorne's sketch, A Virtuoso's Collection, was. I have heard from a correspondent dating from Burlington, Vermont, U.S., on the subject, and as his reply is very full and satisfactory, I cannot do better than send it to "N. & Q." He says: "The story of Peter Rugg, the missing man of Boston, is found in Tales of Terror, or the Mysteries of Magic, a selection of wonderful and supernatural stories, translated from the Chinese, Turkish, and German, compiled by Henry St. Clair, two vols. in one. Boston, Printed by C. Gaylow, 1833. The story is supposed to be related in a letter. Peter Rugg is ever inquiring the way to Boston; sometimes he is travelling towards that city and sometimes from it, but he never reaches it. He is always followed by a thunderstorm, and, according to the tale, he has been seen in at least four different states, ever attended by the same phenomena. He is accompanied by a little girl, and drives a large black horse. In one place the story mentions Peter Rugg as stopping before his own door in Boston and inquiring for Mrs. Rugg, but is told that she has been dead many years. He becomes HOLY WELLS AND THEIR LEGENDS (5th S. xii. 140.)-MR. HOPE will find some interesting information, in furtherance of his study of the legends, &c., connected with holy wells, fountains, and springs, in the following works: Joyce's Irish Names of Places; Cambrensis Eversus, vol. i. (Celtic Society's publications, Dublin), by Kelly; Pennant's Tours in Wales; Lady Charlotte Guest's Mabinogion (Quaritch's reprint of the English translation will suffice); Brand's Popular Antiquities; Kelly's Indo-European Folk-Lore; Kennedy's Traditionary Tales of the Irish Celts: Carew's History of Cornwall; Hunt's Drolls of the West of England. I could give many other authorities were I near my books. J. JEREMIAH. "PIC-NIC" (1st S. iv. 152; vi. 518; vii. 23, 240, 387, 585; 5th S. ix. 406, 494.)— "Our French neighbours are fond of borrowing words from us, but the meaning as well as the spelling are frequently changed in the passage across the Channel. Among such words is picnic, which is transformed in French into pique-nique. We are unable to say exactly what a French pique-nique is, but the following advertisement, which we extract from a French newspaper, will suffice to show that it is meant for something very different to the al fresco festivity which we call a picnic. 'Pique-nique of Saint Henri.-The list of subscribers at fifteen francs a-head will be closed at four o'clock. Evening dress and white ties are de rigueur. They will sit down to table at eight o'clock.'”—The Literary World, Aug. 1, 1879. Surely the writer of the above paragraph is wrong in saying that the French have borrowed the word from us. A Frenchman, writing to the Standard, thus puts it : "I believe your contributor-and I humbly beg his pardon for saying so-is on the wrong tack, and the crossing of the Channel was effected by pique-nique northwards, and not by pic-nic southwards; the word pique-nique teenth century, and had then, as it has now, the meaning was part of the French language as early as the sevenwhich stands at full in your Worcester and Webster's Dictionary of the English Language: Pic-nic, an assembly or entertainment, in which each person contributes to the general supply of the table." The lexicographers do not at all mention the condition al fresco. So a pique-nique or pic-nic may take place either al fresco or indoors; indeed, were it not so, one would be impossible in the year of rain 1879." JOHN CHURCHILL SIKES. Godolphin Road, Shepherd's Bush, W. A "CORPUS INSCRIPTIONUM LATINARUM GALLIE" (5th S. xii. 108.)-Perhaps V. S. may find his purpose answered by the following work, which is still in progress, the fourth volume being announced in a French bibliographical bulletin of June last: "De Guilhermy, M.F., Inscriptions de la France du Ve Siècle au XVII. Paris, Imp. Nat." I may add that the fourth volume is stated to deal with the ancient diocese of Paris. Probably the Revue Archéologique and the Bulletin Monumental, both published in Paris, would also afford information likely to be of use. C. H. E. CARMICHAEL. distances, of hollows tenderly veiled by mist, graceful everywhere with a flowing unaccentuated grace, as though Hampden's own temper had grown out of it." In the very same page we meet with specimens of Mr. Green's defects in the shape of such inaccuracies, small though they be, as his speaking of the Cromwells of "Hitchinbrooke," and Sir Peter Temple of "Stave." It is a more serious defect, and unfortunately one which mars the entire plan of Mr. Green's work, that he never gives, save accidentally, the authorities for his statements. AUTHORS OF QUotations Wanted (5th S. xii. Sometimes it would have added picturesqueness as well 29.) as force to them to have given their origin, as where he cites, without mentioning its source, Algernon Sidney's "Life let us cherish" is merely a translation of the description of Cromwell coming into the House of first lines of Nägelis's once popular Volkslied, "Freut euch des Lebens Weil noch das Lämpchen gluht." Commons, which he had made up his mind to dissolve by violence, and sitting down for a time quietly in his place, "clad in plain grey clothes and grey worsted etockings." We must remark, moreover, that Mr. Bisset, Most serious of all, perhaps, ethically speaking, is clothes," expressly citing Sidney's ipsissima verba. that defect of vision which prevents Mr. Green from seeing any points at any time worthy of blame in Cromwell's character and actions. How he acted towards It was much used some forty or fifty years ago as a pre-in his Commonwealth of England, writes "black liminary piece for pianoforte pupils in the harmonious days of Hook's lessons, Steibelt's Storm, the Battle of Prague, &c. Dulcken, in his book of German songs, calls the author Usteri, and says, "Although it has an unbounded popularity amongst the lower classes in Germany, it is not very apparent by what merit this distinction has been gained." H. HALL. the Parliament and the Council of State of the Commonwealth has been told very differently by others, and not [Other correspondents are thanked for similar infor- least by some of those who were on the side of the Parlia mation.] (5th S. xii. 170.) "Thence to Wiggan about supper." "Veni WIGGAN prope cœnam, Ad hospitulam obscœnam; Drunken Barnaby's Four Journeys, pt. ii. [p. 35, W. J. BERNHARD-SMITH, "What profits now to understand The merits of a spotless shirt," &c. is from The New Timon and the Poets (A. Tennyson), Miscellaneous. ment in the great conflict of principles which marks the history of England in the seventeenth century. Of Mr. Green's view of Puritanism, it must suffice to say that he appears to us often to construct a theory of his own, and then give it the name of what seems to be his fetish. But we must remark that it is not always easy to decide whether Mr. Green is writing in his own person or in that of an assumed character among the dramatis persona of the England of the Stuarts and the Commonwealth. Were we to judge Mr. Green by what seem to be his own words, we should fear that he must find his salvation much imperilled in the Church of England, which, even amid the conflicting sound of diverse judg ments, may at least be said to hold fast to the surplice. But perhaps his next volume will explain the apparent difficulty we meet with in reconciling the various aspects of Mr. Green's many-sided sympathies. Christopher Columbus. A Monograph on his True Burial-place. By Sir Travers Twiss. (Trübner & Co.) So few people have access to the reports of the Royal Academy of History of Madrid that Sir Travers Twiss NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. has conferred a real obligation on English readers by History of the English People. By J. R. Green, M.A. digesting into a readable form the report lately presented Vo!. III.—Puritan England. The Revolution. (Mac- to the Spanish Government on a most interesting hismillan & Co.) torical controversy. It is notorious that the bones of the THE third volume of Mr. Green's History carries us great admiral Christopher Columbus were deposited, in through stirring times, and is marked by all Mr. Green's 1541, by the permission of the Emperor Charles V., in characteristic excellences as well as by most of his the chancel of the cathedral church of San Domingo, characteristic defects. Some of his very best word- which was thenceforth appropriated to his family as pictures are perhaps to be found in the many striking their burial-place. And no one ever doubted until the passages scattered through the present volume. It other day that when the Spanish portion of Hispaniola would be difficult, for instance, more clearly to set before was transferred to the French Republic in 1795, the a student all that John Hampden staked, when taking remains of Columbus were removed by the piety of his his stand against arbitrary exaction, than in Mr. Green's descendant to the cathedral of Havana, where they were description of the stately and beautiful home among the solemnly deposited in a niche in the wall on the Gospel Chiltern Hills, which was to become so memorable among side of the high altar. The memory of Columbus is so English houses. Still stands that ancient home, "un- affectionately cherished by the Spaniards that a petition altered within, its Elizabethan hall girt round with for his beatification has been presented to the Holy See, galleries and stately staircases winding up beneath in the hope that the shrine of Columbus at the Havana shadowy portraits in ruffs and farthingales." And in the might become a place of pilgrimage for mariners, as country upon which we look out from Hampden House, famous in its way as the shrine of St. James was at ComMr. Green traces with quaint imagery a likeness to the postella, in old Spain. It therefore excited consternation character of John Hampden himself. "A country," when a pastoral letter was put forth in September, 1877, says Mr. Green, "of fine and lucid air, of far shadowy by the Vicar Apostolic of the archdiocese of San Domingo, announcing that the true remains of the great admiral had lately been discovered in their original resting-place in the cathedral of San Domingo. This pastoral letter was quickly followed by an address from the bishop to the different governments of the civilized world, calling on them to contribute "to the erection of a monument worthy of the father of the new world." The Spanish Government very properly referred the examination of the alleged discovery to the Council of the Royal Academy of History of Madrid, and their report clearly establishes the fact that the bones of the great admiral were transported to Cuba in 1795, and are now deposited in the cathedral of the Havana, and that the coffin discovered at San Domingo in 1877 was that of the admiral's grandson and namesake, who died before 1572, and is known to have been buried in the family vault at San Domingo. Amongst the many interesting details which are touched upon in this report is the notorious unwillingness of the Spanish nation to accept the name of America for the newly discovered world. The earliest Spanish book in which the word America is used was printed at Seville in 1672, and the author takes care to inform his readers that it was a "new name, not much hitherto in use." The traditional feeling of the family of Columbus may be gathered from the omission of the word America in the letter addressed by his descendant, in 1796, to the Corporation of the Havana, in which he thanks them for the distinction and respect which they had shown to the remains of "Don Cristoval Colon, the discoverer and conqueror of the new world, the great admiral of the ocean, the first viceroy and governor of the Indies." It may be noted that the best printed accounts of the way in which the new world took its name from Amerigo Vespucci, instead of from Columbus, were drawn up by Mr. R. H. Major, of the British Museum, in bis Life of Prince Henry the Navigator and in his introduction to the Letters of Columbus, published by the Hakluyt Society, 1870. Cathedra Petri: the Titles and Prerogatives of St. Peter and of his See and Successors, as described by the Early Fathers, Ecclesiastical Writers, and Councils of the Church. By Charles F. B. Allnatt. Second Edition. (Burns & Oates.) THIS is a work which is best described for the purposes of such a periodical as "N. & Q." by the transcript we have given of its title. It is a useful compendium of the various texts adduced from writers of different periods in favour of the prerogatives claimed for the Bishop of Rome as successor of St. Peter. Many of these are old familiar friends to us all, whether we are convinced by them or not. Mr. Allnatt has done his part well, so far as marshalling his authorities is concerned. It must now remain for his authorities themselves to do their part, under the "Leo de tribu Juda." From Doncaster into Hallamshire. By John Tomlinson. THE articles contained in this little volume, of which only fifty copies have been issued, were originally printed in the Doncaster Gazette, and are of local rather than general interest. They are written in an easy and amusing style, and often present bits of information worth preserving. They are evidently the outcome of the antiquarian and archæological spirit now prevalent in most of the larger provincial towns, and the author is to be commended for the carefulness and accuracy of his details, which are apparent on every page. guide-book over the route described the volume would be found both interesting and useful. As a The Song of the Bell, by Colonel Colomb, R.A. (Chapman & Hall), is a new rendering of that well-known old favourite, Schiller's Song of the Bell, which perhaps some vacation tourist may amuse himself by tracing out in the bell-tower of the church of All Saints, at Schaffhausen, where the poet is said to have found the source of his inspiration. Colonel Colomb has succeeded probably as well as any one attempting a literal rendering of this grand but rugged work can ever expect to succeed. Mr. Merivale's version remains, to our mind, the more poetic English rendering. Notices to Correspondents. We must call special attention to the following notice: ON all communications should be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. SIR BEVIS.-Mr. Seton, in his Law and Practice of Scottish Heraldry (1863), says, established law of both England and Scotland that It appears to be the surnames may be assumed or changed at pleasure, independently of any royal, parliamentary, or judicial authority." See Barlow v. Bateman (1730), Williams's Reports, iii. 64; Leigh v. Leigh (1808), Vesey's Reports, xv. 92. In this latter case Lord Eldon said, "The king's licence is nothing more than permission to take the name, and does not give it. A name, therefore, taken in that way is a voluntary assumption." Cf. Luscombe v. Yates (1822), Barn. and Ald., v. 344; and Davies v. Lowndes land, when the Court of Session was petitioned in 1835 (1835), Bingham's New Cases, i. 628. Similarly in Scotby Alexander Kettle for permission to take the name of Young, the Court said, per Lord President (Hope), "There is no need of the authority of this court to enable a man in Scotland to change his name," and the petition was withdrawn. The practice of enrolling a deed poll in Chancery is of comparatively modern date. Its object is simply to secure a record of the change of name. it does not confer the name any more than does the royal licence. We believe the expense of such a deed is slight; if we mistake not, the office fees would be covered by 21. 2s. The fact that the name assumed is also taken by the wife and children should be stated in the deed or advertisement, as in the well-known Herbert of simultaneously with its record by deed poll in the Clytha case. Advertisement of the change of name, Chancery division of the High Court of Justice, would be desirable, as adding to the publicity of the assumption, while the enrolment of the deed would preserve the record of the fact. But P. W. TREPOLPEN.-Two correspondents, ALEXANDER IRELAND, Inglewood, Bowdon, Cheshire. and J. BURSILL, 36, Kennington Road, S.E., offer to lend you the History of the Saturday Review on receipt of your address. It is by James Ewart, author of Random Recollections, &c., and was published by Darton & Co., London, 1873. MIALMA. For "Du" Cherrier read De Cherrier in our notice last week, and add to the modern sources for the study of the Barbarossa legend Rückert's ballad, Der Alte Barbarossa. P. C. N.-JOHN HILSON, Lady's Yards, Jedburgh, N.B., offers to forward a copy of the poem Sin' his Mother gaed Awa' if you will send name and address. NOTICE. Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries ""-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher"-at the Office, 20, Wellington Street, Strand, London, W.C. We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception. THE FOLK-LORE SOCIETY, FOR COLLECTING AND PRINTING RELICS OF POPULAR ANTIQUITIES, &c. President. The Right Hon. the EARL OF VERULAM, F.R.G.S. Council. JAMES BRITTEN, F.L.S. | G. LAURENCE GOMME, F.S.A. | Prof. MAX MÜLLER, M.A. | EDWARD SOLLY, FR.S. F S.A. F. OUVRY, V.P S. A. W. R. S RALSTON, M.A. WILLIAM J. THOMS, F.S A. Director.-WILLIAM J. THOMS, F.S.A. | Treasurer.-Sir WILLIAM R. DRAKE, F.S.A. Hon. Secretary.-G. LAURENCE GOMME, F.S. A., Castelnau, Barnes, S.W. Auditors.-E. HAILSTONE, Esq., F.S.A., JOHN TOLHURST, Esq. Bankers.-UNION BANK of LONDON, Charing Cross Branch, to whom Subscriptions must be paid. That there is a wide-spread and growing interest in our Popular Antiquities, and an increasing desire to preserve the fast-fading relics of our Popular Fictions and Traditions, Legendary Ballads, Local Proverbial Sayings, Superstitions and Old Customs, is manifest from the number of Provincial Newspapers in which a FOLK-LORE COLUMN now forms a prominent feature; while at the same time the researches of the antiquary and archeologist on these points are now generally recognized as important elements in the scientific evidence as to human history. 66 The FOLK-LORE SOCIETY, founded on the principle so successfully originated by the Camden Society, has been established for the purpose of furnishing a common centre where these materials may be brought together and preserved for future use. The FOLK-LORE SOCIETY will gather together and publish the more important Folk-Lore articles scattered throughout English literature; original communications on the same subject; and such accounts of the Folk-Lore of the colonies and of other countries as may serve to illustrate and explain that of our own. It will also be the work of the FOLK-LORE SOCIETY to bring under the notice of the Members the most important works on Folk-Lore published on the Continent. The publication of the Society for 1878 is THE FOLK-LORE RECORD, Part I. CONTAINING:-Some West Sussex Superstitions lingering in 1868. By Mrs. Latham.-Miscellaneous: Notes on Folk-Tales. By W. R. S. Ralston, M.A.-The Folk-Lore of France. By A. Lang, M.A.-Some Japan FolkTales. By C. Pfoundes.-'A Folk-Tale and various Superstitions of the Hidatas Indians. Communicated by Dr. E. B. Tylor.-Chaucer's Night-Spell. By William J. Thoms, F.S. A.-Plant-Lore Notes to Mrs. Latham's West Sussex Superstitions. By James Britten, F.L.S.-Yorkshire Local Rhymes and Sayings.-Divination by the Bladebone. By William J. Thoms, F.S.A.-Index to the Folk-Lore in the First Series of Hardwicke's "Science-Gossip." By James Britten, F.L.S.-Some Italian Folk-Lore. By Henry Charles Coote, F.S.A.-Wart and Wen Cures. By James Hardy.-Fairies at Ilkley Wells. By Charles C. Smith.-Notes.-Queries.-Notices and News. The following works are in preparation : NOTES ON THE FOLK-LORE OF THE NORTHERN COUNTIES OF ENGLAND and the BORDERS. By William Henderson. A new edition, with considerable additions by the Author. AUBREY'S REMAINS OF GENTILISME AND JUDAISME, WITH THE ADDITIONS BY DR. WHITE KENNET. To be edited by James Britten, F.L.S. THE FOLK-LORE RECORD, Part II. THE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FOLK-LORE. Compiled and edited by Thomas Satchell. Among other works in contemplation for future publication are: EXCERPTS FROM TWO EARLY-ENGLISH FOLK-LORISTS. NOTES FOR A HISTORY OF ENGLISH CHAPBOOKS AND PENNY HISTORIES. EAST SUSSEX SUPERSTITIONS. By the Reverend W. D. Parish. FOLK-MEDICINE. By William George Black. FOLK-LORE AND PROVINCIAL NAMES OF BRITISH BIRDS. By the Reverend Charles Swainson. THE MERRY TALES OF THE WISE MEN OF GOTHAM. To be edited, with illustrative Notes and an Introductory Essay on English Noodledom, by William J. Thoms, F.S.A. The Annual Subscription is One Guinea, payable in advance on the first of January in each year, which will entitle Members to receive the publications of the Society for such year; and Members may compound for future annual subscriptions by payment of Ten Guineas over and above the subscription for the current year. Ladies or Gentlemen desirous of joining the Society are requested to communicate with the Honorary Secretary. G. LAURENCE GOMME, F.S.A., Hon. Sec., Castelnau, Barnes. Every SATURDAY, of any Bookseller or News-agent, Price THREEpence, Each Half-yearly Volume complete in itself, with Title-Page and Index. 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