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CAMBRIDGE:

METCALF AND COMPANY, PRINTERS TO THE UNIVERSITY.

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LIBRARY

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NEVER, during the three centuries and a half since Columbus returned to Spain with the startling tidings that a new world had been discovered, have the thoughts of Europe and America been so intent upon each other as now. Every man, every boy, has become a cosmopolite, and is trying to weigh the hemispheres against each other in the scales of his judgment. Without being conscious of any partisan prejudice, without claiming aught of the statesman's sagacity, or presuming, as so many do, to a prophet's vision, we propose to give some illustrations of the aspects of America and Europe at the beginning of our colonization and at the present time. Our wish is to exhibit in some manner, however imperfect, the Provdential Relations of the New World to the Old, and es

*1. Select Speeches of KOSSUTH. Condensed and abridged, with Kossuth's Express Sanction, by FRANCIS W. NEWMAN. New York: C. S. Francis & Co. Boston: Crosby, Nichols, & Co. 1854.

2. Speech of HoN. E. BROOKS, on the Church Property Bill. The Papal Power in the State, and the Resistance to this Power in the Temporalities of the Church, as recently seen in the United States and Europe. In the Senate of New York, March 6, 1855.

3. The Church Property Question. Letter from ARCHBISHOP HUGHES, in Relation to the Petition of St. Louis Church, Buffalo, and to Mr. Putnam's Anti-Catholic Church Property Bill. New York. March 28, 1855.

VOL. LIX.

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4TH S. VOL. XXIV. NO. 1.

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pecially to illustrate the present European influences at work in the United States.

We will take as our starting-point the colonizing of New England, alike from the familiarity and the significance of that fact. When the Mayflower left Delft Haven on that adventurous voyage, her passengers little knew the errand upon which God was sending them. They meant much by their daring and self-sacrifice, but God meant far more. The manhood of Columbus went with them more far than with the statelier Spanish fleets who were their pioneers, and stood by the helm of their frail vessel. From their open Bible the free faith of Luther and the free press of Gutenberg looked out upon them in a promise greater than they knew how to interpret. In the cabin where they signed that simple compact of self-government, they put the best rights of the Old World into their signature, and little as they may have thought of it at the time, Alfred the Great with his jury and the Barons of Runymede with Magna Charta held for them the pen.

More than any others, we believe, the founders of New England bore to the New World the power that was to react upon the Old World and control the Eastern Hemisphere by the intervention of the Western; more than the founders of New France, for their empire in America has ceased; more than the founders of New Spain, for their sway is fast declining; more than the settlers of Virginia, who were before the Pilgrims in the field, for without Puritan independence the loyalists of the Old Dominion would have been too compromising antago. nists to the priesthoods and thrones of Europe. With the Dutch of New Netherlands we will not contrast them, for they were very much alike in respect to religious faith and republican tendencies, and the strength, certainly the commercial strength, of our country has come in no small degree from the union between New England and the New Netherlands. When Hudson's "Half-Moon" first parted the waters of our noble "River of the Mountains," his vessel of Dutch build, with an English captain, bore in this combination, as well as in its name, the omens of the brightening future of our commercial empire.

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Look at Europe as it was when the forefathers left it, - look at America as they found it. Europe had just

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