sent in the collection of the Museum of Natural History, Belfast; the rest in Mr. G. C. Hyndman's cabinet. It is, perhaps, merely a variety of the last. Iùlida. Iùlus Linn. terréstris Linn. Inhabiting moss under stones and rotting bark of trees. I. dubius. Pale brown, with a tinge of purplish red: segments striated, a brown dorsal line: the stigmata dark brown; the 4 anterior and 4 posterior rings without stigmata; the extreme segment pointed. Among rotting wood, not uncommon at Cranmore. - I. punctatus Leach. Not very rare among rotting wood. — I. pulchellus Leach. Very common in gardens, &c. : it destroys bulbous and tuberous roots. It is the dreaded wireworm of gardeners and farmers. I. pusillus Leach. - I mct with one specimen under a slate, among the blanched roots of grass. Polydésmidæ. Polydésmus Latr. complanàtus. Common. Scolopendrida. - L. va Lithobius Leach forficàtus Linn. Very common. Geophilida. Geophilus Leach subterràneus Shaw, Leach. Very common in the garden at Cranmore.-G. marítimus Leach. I found some specimens under stones at Bangor. — G. longicórnis Leach. Under stones, &c.-G. eléctricus Linn. Found in crevices of decaying trees in damp situations. ARACHNOIDA. PODOSO'MATA. Nymphónidæ. Nýmphum gróssipes Linn.? Found among Conférvæ collected about the Whitehead, Belfast Lough. The specimen is at present in the Belfast Museum. Dr. Drummond found another species, April 1820; but, as I have not seen it, I cannot refer it to its proper species. POLYMEROSO'MATA. Sirónides. Siro Lat. rubens Lat. Among moss, rare. Scorpiónides. Chélifer Geoff. musæòrum Leach. Broad, sub-pentagonal, pale brown, imbricated, depressed, legs pale reddish brown, 5jointed. Cheliferous legs, with the first joint minute cylindric; second, large triangular; third, elongate cylindric, truncated obliquely at the extremities; fourth, clavate; fifth, pyriform; all more or less covered with minute hairs: the hinder legs with 2 claws. Beneath, the abdomen has, near its centre, an infundibuliform rhomboid depression. R. T. In Mr. Hyndman's cabinet. — C. parasítica Herm. The hairs on the abdomen of this species are all spatulate with the apex generally trifid; those on other parts, lobated or toothed laterally. Caught in Island Magee, county Antrim, and at present in Mr. Patterson's cabinet, Belfast. Herman's figure is far from correct, especially in the form of the points of the cheliferous legs. R. T. DIMEROSO'MATA. Phalángida. Common. - P. cor Phalángium Linn. bimaculatum Fab. nùtum Linn., P. cornùtum Linn. male, P. Opílio Linn. fem. Common. - P. annùlipes. Two female specimens. -P. pusillum. Not uncommon.-P. armatum. Common. - P. nigripálpe. Rather rare.-P. trispiníferum. P. híspidum? Herm., P. spinulòsum ? Herm., P. tricuspidum ? Dufour. Very common.-P. lóngipes. P. lóngipes? Herm. Common.-P. rotúndum Latreille. Very common. Woolwich, Sept. 30. 1835. ART. IV. Illustrations in British Zoology. By GEORGE JOHNSTON, M.D., Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. Cl. Annélides, Ord. Errántes, Fam. Nerèides. Genus PSA'MATHE. Character-Body scolopendriform: head small: eyes 4, in pairs tentacula 4, short, frontal: mouth edentulous, the proboscis very short, its aperture encircled with papillæ : tentacular cirri 4 pairs, unequal; feet uniramous, bifid at the apex; the dorsal cirri elongate, jointed, the ventral short: tail with two filaments. This genus, which I have named Psámathe, in honour of the daughter of Nereus and Doris, will take rank, as it appears to me, between Scyllis and Hesione. It differs from the first in the number and structure of the tentacula, in the form of the head, and in the arrangement of the eyes; and from the latter in the form of the body, which, I think, is a very important character, and in the structure of the proboscis, which, in Hesione, is very long and destitute of oral papillæ. I have seen but one species which may be named. a, Psámathe fúsca, considerably magnified; b, the head, with the proboscis protruded, more highly magnified; c, a foot, very much enlarged; d, a bristle; e, a spine. Description.-Animal scolopendriform, 1 inch long, slightly narrowed at the head, tapered towards the tail, constricted between the segments, of a yellowish-brown or fuscous colour head small, square, entire in front; eyes 4, very distinct, occipital, placed in pairs; tentacula 4, very short, unjointed, frontal, the superior pair thicker than the inferior; mouth terminal, edentulous, furnished with a very short thick proboscis, whose aperture is encircled with a double series of papillæ; tentacular cirri 4 pairs on each side, the inferior about half the length of the superior, jointed, and issuing from a bulged base; segments numerous, nearly of the same breadth and length; feet much developed and very prominent, all alike, conic, the apex divided into two obtuse lobes between which the bristles are protruded: on the upper side of the foot there is a long cirrus, jointed like a Conférva, scarcely moniliform, and arising from a swollen basilar sheath; on the ventral aspect the cirrus is short, not extend ing beyond the foot, neither is it jointed: bristles retractile, strong, jointed near the top, the point fixed on in a bayonet fashion; they are collected into two small unequal fascicles having a rather small spine in the middle of each: anal segment truncate and terminated with two long tentacular cirri. This little worm is occasionally met with in Berwick Bay, lurking at the roots of Conférvæ, corallines, and sponges, between tide marks. It advances through the water with considerable velocity, and in a wriggling manner, pushing out and alternately withdrawing the bristles of its feet, and moving its long cirri in every direction. When the creature is active and first taken, the cirri have a somewhat moniliform appearance under the microscope, but as its activity declines this appearance becomes fainter: they then appear only jointed like a common Conférva, and after death even these joints disappear, and the whole organ assumes a homogeneous structure. 52. PLANA`RIA SUBAURICULA Ta. (fig. 2.) The animal, when fully extended, is about six lines long, and two broad, obtuse in front and tapered behind; thus assuming a lanceolate, or 2 tongue-shaped, figure, very thin, flat, smooth, and of a pale or wood-brown colour, with some milkwhite spots scattered over the back. Towards the anterior end we perceive numerous small black eyes, or specks, collected into two irregular parcels with a transparent space between them; the eyes themselves are placed about and within a small circular transparent spot on each side, which is changeable in appearance, and has sometimes the look of a small fold, or auricle, as is represented in figure b. The body is transparent enough to allow us to perceive that there are no defined organs, or vessels, beyond the proboscis, which is situated about the middle, and opens on the ventral surface the interior appears to be entirely composed of gelatinous globules, separated into compartments by clear lines, which run from the centre to the pellucid margin in an imperfectly radiating manner. a, Planària subauriculata of the natural size; b, the same magnified, the dorsal aspect; c, the ventral aspect. : Planària subauriculàta is a marine species, and was found on a leaf of a young specimen of Laminària saccharina growing near the lowest tide-mark. Kept in sea water, it seemed to sicken sooner than most of its tribe, living with me little better than two days; and although the water had not been changed, yet the coolness of the weather had preserved it from putridity. Its motion was, in general, very rapid; and so smooth, continuous, and even, and made without the slightest apparent effort, that it reminded one of the noiseless lapse of time: but occasionally the worm would behave itself very unseemly, rolling itself up until head and tail met; then unbending, and tossing up and down the tail, as if annoyed by some pest of which it wished thus to rid itself. It is a genuine species of Planària; but I have not been able to identify it with any hitherto described. It certainly approaches very nearly to the Planària fléxilis of Mr. Dalyell (Obs. on Planària, p. 5. fig. 1, 2.); yet there are differences, which persuade me they are distinct, especially the transparent circular spots in the neighbourhood of the eyes, of which there is no trace in P. fléxilis. I propose to distinguish them by the following characters :— 1. P. flexilis, body lanceolate, very thin, semicircular in front, of a dull whitish or pale ash colour; eyes numerous, in two clusters; the intervening space like the rest of the body. 2. P. subauriculàta, body lanceolate, front, of a yellowish-brown colour; clusters, with a clear circular spot to tervening space. very thin, obtuse in es numerous, in two each, and a clear in ART. V. Observations on the Construction of Maps for illustrating the Distribution of Plants, with Reference to the Communication of Mr. Hinds on the same Subject. (Vol. VIII. p. 498.) By HEWETT C. WATSON, Esq., F.L.S. AFTER waiting a couple of months to ascertain whether any other person would pursue the subject started by Mr. Hinds, I take the liberty of offering some comments in reference to the remarks of that gentleman and, on the subject generally. Mr. Hinds writes, "As the subject of geographical botany has as yet met with but little attention, it is not to be expected that any maps with which we may be furnished would convey much information. The few that exist are, therefore, very bare of facts, containing merely the names of some plants, acVOL. IX. No. 57. C |