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of it into his lectures, with the satisfaction of seeing it awaken fresh interest in the minds of his pupils, and impress them with the conviction, that anatomy, instead of being a lifeless collection of insulated facts, is a science of the most comprehensive, numerous, and wonderful relations. Natural history, in all its departments, received much of his attention; and his love of botany, in the last year or two of his life, had attained all the strength of a passion.

As a lecturer, he had all the qualities necessary to confer on him great and undisputed excellence. The clearness and order of his views enabled him to present them clearly to others; while his fine elocution, and command of simple and precise language, invested them with a degree of interest, that enchained the attention of the most indifferent hearer, and impressed them strongly and deeply on the mind. He had the faculty, so essential to a good lecturer, of knowing exactly how far to presume on the understandings of his hearers, without rendering himself tedious by falling below their range, nor unintelligible by rising above it; and, having once used the words best suited to express his meaning, he never sought to simplify by repetition. His style of lecturing was plain and forcible, without being course or boisterous, and had the rare merit of being equally satisfactory to the least, as well as the most unphilosophical minds. He believed that nearly all the difficulties, experienced by medical students in understanding some subjects, particularly in surgical anatomy, result from the practice of over-explanation, to which writers and lecurers are too much addicted. Accordingly, it was always a great point with him to disabuse his pupils of impressions on such subjects derived from books; and, having unlearned all they had waded through so much obscurity to learn, they came away, surprised and delighted to find how things, before so dark, could be simplified and cleared up by his lucid instructions. In proof of the success of his manner, it may be mentioned, that, after his lectures on the nervous system, in his course at Baltimore, his class, in full meeting, paid him the unusual compliment of presenting him a vote of thanks, for the clearness and general ability with which he had treated that subject. In his popular courses, which he was frequently in the habit of delivering, he was equally happy; and certainly, no man, within our knowledge, ever discoursed on scientific subjects, to a miscellaneous audience, with more acceptance than did Dr. Lincoln. So well arranged, and entirely at command, were his ideas, that he made no use of manuscripts in his lectures, for he complained that they embarrassed him.

After what has been said, need we add that, as a physician, Dr. Lincoln enjoyed, in a very high degree, the confidence of his employers; that he was indefatigable in the investigation of his cases, and met with a corresponding success in their treatment. He very early began to distrust the efficacy so largely attributed to remedial agents in modern practice, and to rely, with increasing confidence, on the powers of nature. If he erred, in following the expectant method too closely, he avoided the still greater and more fashionable error of lavishing medicines on the sickly, without the authority of rule or reason. He was a judicious and skilful operator; and, guided by the strong light of anatomy, he saw his way clearly through a path of which he had, comparatively, small experience.

The cause of medical education he had much at heart; and he had pledged to his own sense of duty all the weight of his talents and influence, to effect a reform in the medical schools of our country, which should place it on a higher and firmer basis than it has ever yet possessed. Two years since, he published an able pamphlet on the subject, and was engaged in preparing another at the time of the attack of his last sickness. His familiar intercourse with pupils, and his habit of conversing with them freely on the subject of his instructions, made him intimately acquainted with the kind and degree of deficiency under which they labored, and convinced him of the necessity of applying the only remedy of which the case admits. It was idle, to use his own strong expression, to try to teach people a scithe very language of which they are incapable of understanding, from a wint of previous education. It is this preliminary education that he was anxious to raise, and the low state of which, he, in common with most intelligent members of the profession, believed to be an inseparable bar to the respectability of the healing art.

ence,

Mathematics, he was in the habit of studying, as a recreation from his more laborious duties; and his attainments in this science were greater than are often met

*

with among well-educated men. sionate admirer. Until he entered on the active labors of his profession, he studied it more than anything else; and probably no person in the country was better acquainted with its principles. †

Of music, Dr. Lincoln was, all his life, a pas

Here we must close this article, which has greatly exceeded the limits we had designed. But, when one will think of the circumstances of the case, the surprise will be, not that we have occupied so much space, but, that we could have answered our purpose with so little. We have endeavored to give no false coloring to what we mean for a plain, unvarnished statement; but, on the contrary, have been careful to keep far within the limits of strict truth for the whole truth would have sounded more like the language of overweening, indiscriminate admiration.

CHIEF JUSTICE MARSHALL

THIS great and good man expired at Philadelphia on the thirteenth of July, at six o'clock in the evening. We subjoin an obituary notice, from the columns of the Boston Daily Advertiser- as better than any we could prepare in such a short space and as expressive of the sentiments which pervade the hearts of all lovers of their country, in contemplating the departure of so illustrious a patriot.

THE eminent public services of this great man, the deep and universal confidence reposed in his ability and worth, and the sentiment of veneration entertained for his private virtues, render this loss one of the most afflicting that our country could sustain. His health had been for some time declining, and there was little hope that the term of his existence could be extended for a much longer period; but, no period could occur, when the loss would not have been felt, thoughout the country, as that of one of its greatest benefactors.

Chief Justice Marshall was born in Fauquier county, in Virginia, on the twentyfourth of September, 1755. He was the son of Col. Thomas Marshall, a man of talent and education, but of limited fortune, whose ability was always spoken of with admiration by his son. His early instruction was of a very imperfect character: he was indebted to his father for that which related to the English language, but principally to his own efforts for his classical attainments. In his opening manhood, he engaged, with zeal and ardor, in the patriotic cause: in 1775, he received the appointment of lieutenant, in a company of minute-men, and subsequently rose to the rank of captain. At the beginning of the war, he fought against lord Dunmore, at the battle of the Great Bridge, and some time later, in those of Brandywine, Germantown, and Monmouth. In 1781, there being a redundancy of officers in the Virginia line, he resigned his commission, and devoted himself to the practice of the law. He had been admitted to the bar during the previous year, a part of which he had spent in Virginia. It is hardly necessary to add, that, notwithstanding his youth, his military career was distinguished by the same intelligence and excellent qualities, that shed such lustre on the course of his after-life.

Immediately after the capitulation of lord Cornwallis, Mr. Marshall began to pursue, with assiduity, the practice of the law, and soon arose to eminent distinction. In the spring of 1782, he was elected a member of the State Legislature, and, before its close, a member of the Executive Council. He was married, in 1783, to

* It is a curious fact, that after his mind had become so enfeebled by disease, that he was fatigued by reading the simplest paragraph in the newspaper, and had abandoned all books relative to his profession, he was in the habit of spending hours at a time in studying the most difficult parts of Analytic Geometry - a fact, which affords another confirmation of the correctness of the phrenological division of the intellectual faculties.

† During the year that he was settled in Boston, he wrote a work on the Elements of Music, but was prevented from entirely finishing it till a short time before his death. Knowing his happy talent for instruction, we doubt not that this must be a most valuable work, and we trust his friends will soon make some arrangements for its publication.

Miss Ambler, a daughter of the Treasurer of State. This lady, after a long term of sickness and suffering, descended a few years ago to the grave. In 1781, he resigned his place at the executive board, and resumed his professional pursuits; but, immediately afterwards, and again in 1787, he was re-elected to the Legisla ture, and took an active and efficient part in the momentous controversies of the time. He was also a member of the Convention, called together in Virginia, for the ratification of the Federal Constitution. In this remarkable assembly, in which the most commanding eloquence and talent were displayed, no man exhibited greater power of reasoning, or patriotic ardor, than Mr. Marshall.

Mr. Marshall continued in public life, as a member of the Legislature of Virginia, till the close of its session, in 1791. He then retired for three years, but was returned again in 1795, and distinguished himself by an argument, of remarkable ability, on the power of the Federal Executive to conclude a commercial treaty. This was at the time when the country was agitated by the controversies growing out of the treaty negotiated with Great Britain, by Mr. Jay. In the following year, he was invited by Washington to accept the office of Attorney-General, but declined it, on the ground, that it would interfere with his extensive practice in Virginia. When Mr. Monroe was recalled from France, Mr. Marshall was urged, by Washington, to accept an appointment as his successor. This, also, he was compelled, by urgent private considerations, to decline. But, when Mr. Adams, who had, in the meantime, succeeded to the presidency, appointed him an envoy to that country, in connexion with Mr. Gerry and General Pinckney, he accepted the appointment. The envoys were, however, not accredited by the French government; and, in the summer of 1798, Mr. Marshall returned to this country.

On his return, he was solicited, by General Washington, to become a candidate for a seat in Congress. He yielded with reluctance; and being elected, after a severe contest, took his seat in December, 1799. While he was a candidate for this station, he declined a seat on the bench of the Supreme Court of the United States, which became vacant by the death of Judge Iredell, and was offered him by President Adams. The session of Congress, in the winter of 1799-1800, was a very memorable one. In the debate on the resolutions offered by Mr. Livingston, relative to the case of Thomas Nash, alias Jonathan Robbins- -a case too long to be here detailed, and doubtless fresh in the recollection of many readers-Mr. Marshall spoke, in opposition to them, with admirable force and talent. His speech on that occasion, is preserved; it is regarded as one of the most remarkable arguments of its author; and a higher estimate of its merit could not easily be made.

In May, 1800, Mr. Marshall was nominated, by President Adams, to the office of Secretary of War. He desired that the nomination might be withdrawn ; but, his request was disregarded, and it was confirmed by the Senate. Shortly afterwards, he was called to succeed Mr. Pickering, as Secretary of State. On the resignation of Chief Justice Ellsworth, the President advised with Mr. Marshall respecting the appointment of his successor, who at once recommended Judge Patterson. This was an appointment which the President was reluctant to make, from an unwillingness to wound the feelings of Judge Cushing, who was the senior of Mr. Patterson on the bench. The office was then offered to Mr. Jay, who declined it; and the President immediately nominated Mr. Marshall, who, on the thirty-first day of January, 1801, accordingly became Chief Justice of the United States.

It were equally vain and needless to attempt to convey an adequate idea of the extent and value of the official labors of Judge Marshall. For a period of nearly thirty-five years, his matchless intellect and admirable virtues have constituted the magnetic and benignant power, which has bound the orbs of our magnificent system of government together, while the disturbing forces of party, rivalry, and suffering, have often tempted them to rush asunder. The qualities of his mind were such as led him instinctively into the paths of truth; and he illustrated those paths so fully and clearly with the light of profound sagacity and resistless reasoning, that men were led to distrust the judgment, whose conclusions were not in unison with his. No man had ever a stronger influence upon the minds of others. That influence was not founded only on his intellectual superiority; it was sustained and elevated by that perfect purity of purpose, that true simplicity and kindness of heart, that deep reverence for virtue and religion, which will cause his memory to be honored so long as true patriotism shall be venerated by the sons of men.

THE

NEW-ENGLAND MAGAZINE.

SEPTEMBER, 1835.

ORIGINAL PAPERS.

THE PIGS-A POEM.

[THIS is a very reprehensible poem, and ought never to have been published; and the only reason why it is suffered to pollute the pages of our Magazine, is to hold it up to our readers' detestation. It was probably written by some discarded Jackson man, turned whig, who spits his venom on the living and the dead. It is full of falsehood, ill-will, malice, smut, and all uncharitableness; and we commend the author to the notice of our Grand Jury, and our vigilant Attorney-General. We accompany the lines with a few charitable notes, lest the ribaldry should not be understood; and, in this way, wash our own hands of all consequence, and make them as white as snow; this being the fashionable expiation.]

WHILE happier bards, whom nobler themes inspire,
From lips excited pour the purple fire,*

O'er art and nature wave the thoughtful wing,

Of chiefs and seas and storms and battles sing,

My wretched fate impels me to decline

These strains these higher flights - and sing of swine.
Once could my feet each rosy maze explore ;

But rosy mazes charm my feet no more.

From groves and streams, my pouting muse will fly,

To pause in pity o'er a pena sty.

Poor pigs poor exiles from the world refined!
Who forms for you the manners or the mind?
No parlor waits you, with its sofa clean-
No maid prepares for you the fire, or screen;
No cradle rocks to sleep your pretty heads-
No downy pillow mollifies your beds;

On you no hand bestows our rich delights:
How do you pass away your winter-nights?

The cold, the storm, neglect, the proud man's frown,
A thousand ills conspire to press you down.

To roll in mire, your everlasting doom

A knife, your end- —a pork-tub for your tomb.
The young, the beautiful, the wise, the brave,
Melt for the distant Greek and home-born slave;
But who, by pity led that power divine-
Has dropped one tear o'er our neglected swine?

[*Purple fire is modern poetry, being spirted out extemporaneously from purple faces; and the suddenness of its production is commonly thought to increase its beauty.]

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And yet, the proudest might the pigs survey,
And own them brothers, formed of self-same clay;
For, what is man? Behold, in herds he goes;
Some master-spirit always rings his nose;
Does he not in as narrow circle dwell?

Does he not root, and love the mud as well?

Is he not selfish, filthy, servile, proud?

Does he not snarl as much, and squeal as loud? *
Is he not cursed with as perverse a will?

Is he not just as greedy of his swill?

He takes the dirtiest paths- he rolls in bogs;
Yes-hogs are nobler men, and MEN ARE HOGS.

In gayer hours, when happier planets shone,
When the bright world (all joyful) seemed my own,
I thought, in every man, a friend to see-
Blossoms and beauties hung from every tree;
The proffered kindness seemed to me sincere:
And, O how precious was compassion's tear!
Suspicion slept; I knew no latent guile;
I gave full credit to each tear and smile.
Man seemed increased in years- —a patriarch wise;
And woman smiled, an angel from the skies:
The sacred vestments always made the saint,
And beauty borrowed not a hue from paint;
But time, the mask from every visage tears;
I see the real features that it wears;

On the black ruins, filled with snakes, at last,
The sun arises, and my dreams are past. †

How wide the difference looks, in sorrow's view,
Between the bright ideal and the true!

We hear a river named, and fondly think,

That flowers must bloom and beautify its brink.
From Fancy's flowing store, we gaily bring
The eldest, youngest sisters of the Spring;

We arch the shades; we hear the waters move,
In unison with music in the grove;

The silver waves like polished glass appear,
And, from the bottom, shine the pebbles clear:
But, see that river; dews offensive fall,
Swamps spread, frogs croak, and alligators crawl;
Restore the sweet resemblance, if you can-
It holds in rivers more, alas! than man.

Essential beauty! where shall we behold
Thy rosy colors and thy perfect mould?
O, dost thou float around some blossomed tree,
Picked by the harmless robbery of the bee?
Or dost thou dwell where gentle fountains run,
Where green vales glitter in the morning sun?
Dost thou a palace in the rainbow seek,

Or smile enthroned upon some virgin cheek?

[*This is a most unwarrantable attack on the Jackson party. The author might as well have said, that Mr. Van Buren is a swine-herd, and the whole of his followers no better than a drove of hogs. Where is the majesty of our laws! Where is the spirit of '76!]

[It Beautiful allusion!- as if the temple of liberty were no more than a Hindu bungalow, gone to ruin, and filled with cobra di capellas, &c.]

[The author must have come from the southern States. This is an exact description of a river in Georgia. Indeed, many of the inhabitants there are half horse, half alligator.]

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