South Asian Languages: Structure, Convergence, and Diglossia, Band 10

affix agent aspirated stops Bengali causee CNPC colloquial compound verb constructions context Dakkhini dative definite DEFINITENESS-MARKING deletion derived dialects diglossia diglossic discussion distinction Dravidian languages English equational sentences ergative example existential Ferguson formal function fundamental frequency gerundive grammar Gunapala Hindi ideograms Indian Indo-Aryan languages Indus Script intransitive it-symbol Kannada lexical linguistic Literary Madhu Mahābhāṣya Maithili Marathi markedness marker marking meaning morpheme nāda nasal negation nominal bases nouns object occur Oriya P-oriented paper participle passive phonetic phonological possible predicate pronouns proper Sanskrit question reference relative clause retroflex rules semantic semivowel Sinhala Sinhalese situation Sōrā sounds South Asian languages speakers speech spoken stress structure Subjacency suffix śvāsa syllable syntactic syntax ta-participle Tamil Telugu tense term texts tion transition particle unaspirated University usage variety vectors Vedic voiced consonants voiceless vowel word