Myelinated Fibers and Saltatory Conduction in the Shrimp: The Fastest Impulse Conduction in the Animal KingdomSpringer Science & Business Media, 20.10.2013 - 110 Seiten In 1961, neurobiologists found that the conduction velocity of the nerve impulse in the giant nerve fiber of the Penaeus shrimp abdominal nerve cord was over 200 m/s, the highest speed of information transmission ever observed in the animal kingdom. The peculiar myelin sheath with its unique nodal structure and the electrical properties of the nerve fibers of the shrimp have continued to be investigated for a quarter of century and are now fully described in this book. The investigation dispels the commonly held belief that the fastest recorded impulse conduction is about 120 m/s in the thickest vertebrate myelinated nerve fibers. In the shrimp, researchers found a completely novel type of functional node in the giant fiber which they designated as the fenestration node. In portions of the myelinated fiber, the fenestration node furnished the sites of excitation. Also discovered was a new strategy for increasing impulse conduction in the shrimp. The book includes a section on the formation of the fenestration node and the discovery of a strategy that allows the shrimp to escape its predators by an action of the fastest velocity. The data presented in this volume on the myelin sheath of invertebrates present a new direction for this field and a rich source of information for neurobiologists worldwide. |
Inhalt
1 | |
The Penaeus Shrimp as an Experimental Marine Animal for Neurobiological Study | 7 |
Morphological Studies on the Myelin Sheath of Nerve Fibers | 19 |
Biochemical Studies on Myelin of the Nervous System | 30 |
Myelin Sheath with a New Type of Fine Structure Found in the Nervous System of Penaeus Shrimp an Invertebrate | 35 |
Two Unique Structures Discovered in the Myelinated Fibers of the Penaeus Shrimp | 47 |
Studies on Impulse Conduction of Nerve Fibers | 55 |
Saltatory Conduction Found in the Nervous System of Two Model Invertebrates the Shrimp Penaeus and the Earth | 65 |
Experimental Confirmation of the Saltatory Conduction Hypothesis | 77 |
Three Mechanisms or Strategies for Increasing Conduction Velocity of Nerve Fibers | 83 |
Ultrahigh Conduction Velocity Found in the Medial Giant Fibers of Penaeus chinensis and Penaeus japonicus | 91 |
Remarks on the Evolution of Myelin Sheath Glial Cells Nodal Structure and Conduction Function of Nerve Fibers | 97 |
References | 101 |
106 | |
Andere Ausgaben - Alle anzeigen
Myelinated Fibers and Saltatory Conduction in the Shrimp: The Fastest ... Ke Xu,Susumu Terakawa Keine Leseprobe verfügbar - 2013 |
Myelinated Fibers and Saltatory Conduction in the Shrimp: The Fastest ... Ke Xu,Susumu Terakawa Keine Leseprobe verfügbar - 2016 |
Myelinated Fibers and Saltatory Conduction in the Shrimp: The Fastest ... Ke Xu,Susumu Terakawa Keine Leseprobe verfügbar - 2011 |
Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
abdominal action current action potential chinensis conduction velocity cytoplasmic earthworm electrical resistance electrode excitable Fastest Impulse Conduction fenestration node Fibers and Saltatory fibers of vertebrates frog functional nodes ganglion giant fiber preparation giant synapse glial cell Hsu and Terakawa internodal axoplasmic membrane internodal distance invertebrates ionic current Kusano lateral giant fibers lateral loops layers lipid Lumbricus terrestris medial giant fiber microelectrode microtubular sheath morphological motor giant fiber myelin sheath myelin-like sheath myelinated fiber preparation myelinated fibers myelinated giant fiber myelinated nerve fibers nerve axons nerve fiber preparations nerve impulse nervous system neurobiology neurons nodal membrane nodal region nodal structure node of Ranvier oligodendrocyte paranodal region Penaeus shrimp peripheral postsynaptic potassium channels protein resting membrane potential S-L incisures saltatory conduction saltatory manner Schwann cell showed shrimp myelinated sodium channels Springer Japan 2013 submyelinic space Tasaki unmyelinated velocity of nerve ventral nerve cord vertebrate myelinated voltage-gated wide gap space