Hydrology of the Nile BasinElsevier, 1985 - 575 Seiten A wealth of hydrological, hydrometeorological, hydrometrical and other related data covering nearly all parts of the Nile Basin is presented in this volume. After an introductory chapter on the Nile's history, chapters cover: the physiography, topography, and climate of the different parts of the Nile Basin; rainfall on the Basin, evaporation from open surfaces, and evapotranspiration from cropped areas. Rainfall data for a 30-year period from 1938 to 1967 are summarized and analyzed; evaporation and evapotranspiration measurements are presented, analyzed and discussed. In the absence of actual measurements, attempts have been made to estimate them from a number of formulae using the available climatological normals. The results obtained are important for planning, design and management of water supply and control projects, especially for irrigation and drainage. The geology of the Nile Basin is briefly reviewed and its effect on groundwater potentials, quality and quantity is discussed. Surface runoff and discharge at the key stations is covered, and an extensive review given of existing water storage, control and conservation projects in the Nile Basin.Thus the volume contains an enormous amount of data that will be of great practical value to consulting engineers. It is a book which should be in the library of all hydrological institutes and universities. |
Inhalt
Chapter 1 HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION | 1 |
Chapter 2 PHYSIOGRAPHY OF THE NILE BASIN | 15 |
Chapter 3 CLIMATE OF THE NILE BASIN | 59 |
Chapter 4 ANALYSIS OF RAINFALL ON THE NILE BASIN | 113 |
Chapter 5 FREE WATER SURFACE EVAPORATION | 165 |
Chapter 6 EVAPOTRANSPIRATION | 223 |
Chapter 7 GEOLOGY AND GEOHYDROLOGY OF THE NILE BASIN | 293 |
Chapter 8 THE BASIN SURFACE RUNOFF AND THE RIVER LEVELS AND DISCHARGES | 317 |
APPENDIX A1 ANNUAL DEPTH OF RAINFALL | 470 |
APPENDIX A2 MAP SHOWING THE LOCATION OF RAINGAUGING STATIONS | 482 |
APPENDIX B MEAN ANNUAL PRECIPITATION AFTER SUPPLEMENTING MISSING DATA | 483 |
APPENDIX C MONTHLY RAINFALL AND ITS PERCENTAGE OF THE ANNUAL RAINFALL | 489 |
APPENDIX D MONTHLY AND ANNUAL DISCHARGES OF THE NILE AND ITS TRIBUTARIES AT A NUMBER OF KEY STATIONS | 509 |
APPENDIX E RATING CURVES | 528 |
APPENDIX F STORAGE AND CONTROL WORKS | 552 |
Chapter 9 WATER STORAGE AND CONSERVATION | 419 |
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annual discharges annual rainfall Appendix Assiut Aswan Dam Atbara average Bahr el Ghazal Bahr el Jebel barrage Blue Nile Cairo canal class A pan Consumptive crops Delta depth discharge series downstream Egypt Entebbe estimated flood free water surface Gambeila Gauge reading Giza groundwater Hargreaves humidity Hurst hydrology irrigation Jonglei June July Aug Kharga Khartoum Khor km² Lake Albert Lake Kyoga Lake Plateau Lake Tana Lake Victoria m³/sec Main Nile Malakal maximum mean annual measured method metres mlrd m³ mlrd m³/yr mm/day mm/yr moisture Mongalla Month monthly and annual Nile Basin outflow Pearson Penman period Piche evaporation rating curve reservoir river Roseires run-off coefficient season Sennar Serial correlation Serial correlation coefficients Shahin shown in Fig Simaika Sobat stations storage Sudan swamps Table temperature tion tributaries Uganda Victoria Nile Wadi Halfa water level White Nile Zeraf