Deuterium and Oxygen 18 Variations in the Ocean and the Marine Atmosphere

20 per mil 8-S diagram 8-S slopes altitude Antarctic Bottom Water approximately assumed Atlantic Deep Water atmosphere calculated CGH experiments cloud layer condensation coefficient convective CRAIG delta values deuterium diffusion coefficient diffusional discussed E/P ratio EPSTEIN and MAYEDA equation equatorial trough equilibrium vapor evaporation rate figure 13 flux fractionation factor fresh water given gradient Greenland high latitude Indian Deep Water Indian Ocean interface isotopic composition isotopic data isotopic species isotopic variations kinetic effect laminar layer marine precipitation mean value meteoric water meteoric water line meters mixing moisture North Atlantic Deep O¹s observed Pacific and Indian percent permil plot points regions salinity saturation vapor pressure sea surface shown in figure SMOW specific humidity surface ocean waters surface waters temperature tion trade wind transport resistance tritium turbulent vapor phase vapor pressure water masses water vapor Weddell Sea WUST's Zephyrus Δε δι δρ