Colonial Rule and Political Development in Tanzania: the Case of the Makonde

African agricultural akida Annual Report apparent Arab Asian British administrators candidates cashew cent Chagga chirambo Christian coast coastal colonial administration colonial rule cooperative crops cultivators Dar es Salaam District Book district commissioner East Africa economic elders election established European example German Indirect Rule innovation Islam Julius Nyerere jumbes Justino Mponda Kitangari konde leaders leadership Lindi District litawa liwalis lungwa Mahuta Makonde area Makonde districts Makonde plateau Makonde region Makonde society Makua Masasi membership ment Mikindani District mission missionaries mkulungwa mkulungwa mkuu modern modernists moreover Mozambique Mtwara District Mtwara Region multiracial Muslim Nangololo Native Authority Newala District Ngoni Nyerere's officers period plateau political system problems programs provincial commissioner regarded residence respect response role Ruvuma River Salaam schools significant Sijaona slave social Southern Province talents Tanganyika TANU TANU's Tanzania teachers territorial tion tional trade Umakonde Umoja UMCA village virambo wakili wakulungwa