A Grammar of the German LanguageJ. Murray, 1830 - 284 Seiten |
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Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
accessory sentence accusative adverbs affix ancient form assume attributive adjective augment auxiliary verbs commonly compound verbs conditional mood conjunctions conjunctive mood copula dative declension demonstrative pronoun denotes derivative verbs determinative component distinguished drei employed Engl English eurythmy expressed factitive relation form of conjugation frequently Freund gehen gehört gender genitive German language gesprungen grammar Grammatik hätte imperative mood imperfect tense imply indefinite infinitive inflection intransitive verbs iſt können Leben liquid consonant modern form mögen muß mute consonants names of persons neuter notional words objective combination objective factor passive voice past participle Pferd pluperfect tenses plural number predicate prefixes preposition primary derivatives primary substantives principal accent principal sentence radical verbs radical vowel relation of causality relational words secondary derivatives ſein semi-consonants ſich signification sing sounds speaker sprechen stands subordinate accent substantive referred supine termination tion tive unaccented Vater viel Wein weiß werde werdet whilst wollen würde
Beliebte Passagen
Seite 106 - Germans, when addressing a person, generally use the third person plural of the personal pronoun. Till within some centuries, the Germans, like the French and the English, addressed each other in familiar conversation by the second person singular, and in formal intercourse by the second person plural. Since that period another mode of address has been adopted as expressive of respect, viz., by the third person plural, while inferiors were, and still are, addressed in the third person singular. Although...
Seite iii - German grammars which have been hitherto published for the use of Englishmen, adhere to a method derived from the German grammarians of the last century, who endeavoured to arrange their observations according to the antiquated forms of the Latin grammar of that period. That method has long been found quite improper in German grammar ; for, whilst it was followed, the true principles of the structure of the language remained unknown ; rules which are extremely simple were rendered very complicated;...
Seite 106 - ... Although the Germans adopted these modern forms, they still retained the ancient form. There exists, therefore, a considerable variety in accommodating the mode of address to the different relations of superiority, inferiority, friendship, and love. The use of the third personal pronoun in the plural is generally received in the polite conversation of people of education ; and even inferiors, if not in dependence on the speaker, would be offended if otherwise addressed. The second personal pronoun...
Seite 106 - On, is much more usual at the present day in German than in other modern languages. As it excludes all ceremonious formality, it is reserved for relations of confidence, friendship, and love. They use it in addressing their family, their best friends, and the Supreme Being. See BECKER'S Grammar. That...
Seite 149 - Two sentences are connected either by way of subordination or by way of co-ordination. They are connected in the way of subordination when one of them can be considered as standing in the place of a substantive, adjective, or adverb; as, " He reported that the king died!'1 (=death of the king) ; " the foreigner who travels" (== traveling foreigner) ; " he was at work before the sun rose
Seite vi - German language in the most expeditious, and at the same time the most correct manner, by making >uch translations, with a constant reference to the tables, and to the paragraphs in the grammar in which the contents of the tablesjire explained. " Those who are acquainted with the subject of this work, will at first discover in what respects it differs from oilier books bearing a similar title.
Seite xiv - Chinese call verbs live words, nouns dead words. f) 318. According to BECKER, all notions expressed by language are either notions of activity or notions of existence. The notion of activity is expressed by a verb when the activity is contemplated as bearing on the relations of person, time, and mode to the speaker ; as, He drank; he fad; the tree grows. It is expressed by an adjective when it is not thus related to the speaker; as, A drunken man ; a flighty thought ; a great tree.
Seite xiv - He drank; he fad; the tree grows. It is expressed by an adjective when it is not thus related to the speaker; as, A drunken man ; a flighty thought ; a great tree. The notion of existence is expressed by a substantive ; as, A drinker ; a. flock ; the growth. In favor of this view may be argued, 1. That most verbs actually express action in the ordinary or colloquial sense of that term.
Seite 40 - Impersonal Verbs are those which are used only in the third person singular, and do not admit of a personal subject or nominative. II. Impersonal verbs, when translated into English, have before them the neuter pronoun it, especially in the active voice ; as, delectat, " it delights ;" decet,
Seite iv - ... made notoriously difficult to foreigners. " In the meantime, some German grammarians, among whom the greatest merit is unquestionably due to Dr J. Grimm, have opened a new road to the study of the German language, by their historical investigations into the ancient Teutonic tongue, and by their comparison of the different languages and dialects derived from that common source. At the same time, the principles of general grammar have been very successfully elucidated by other philosophical enquirers,...