Cancer Pain Relief: With a Guide to Opioid AvailabilityWorld Health Organization, 1996 - 63 Seiten The second edition of a guide, which introduced a simple, yet highly effective method for the relief of cancer pain. Thoroughly revised and updated, the new edition further refines the WHO method, which advocates the use of a small number of relatively inexpensive drugs, including morphine. Revisions draw on experiences with millions of patients around the world as well as new knowledge about the specific pain syndromes unique to cancer. Completely new are chapters describing the international system by which morphine and other opioids are made available for medical purposes. The book has two parts. Part one provides a practical guide to the relief of cancer pain, concentrating on drug treatment as the mainstay of pain management. The most extensive section sets out detailed guidelines for the selection and prescribing of non-opioid analgesics, opioid analgesics, drugs for neuropathic pain, and adjuvant drugs for the treatment of adverse effects, the enhancement of pain relief and the management of concomitant psychological disturbances. Information ranges from explanations of how specific drugs work, through the precautions to take in the presence of certain disorders, to a list of factors that influence the effectiveness of opioids. Concerning the use of opioids, readers are reminded that psychological dependence does not occur in cancer patients and that the only correct dose of morphine is the one that relieves the pain. Part two provides a guide to opioid availability. A discussion of the reasons why opioids continue to be underprescribed or difficult to obtain is followed by an explanation of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. |
Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
Adjuvant drugs administration adverse effects alternative analgesic effect anticancer treatment anticonvulsants antiemetic buprenorphine cancer pain management Cancer pain relief cancer patients Carbamazepine caused codeine Convention on Narcotic Corticosteroids dexamethasone dextropropoxyphene disease dispense opioids distribution dose of morphine drug regulatory authorities essential drugs evaluation Expert Committee export given health care workers hydromorphone import certificate INCB increased injection International Narcotics Control levorphanol medical need metabolite metastases methadone mild to moderate moderate pain moderate to severe morphine Narcotic Drugs Narcotics Control Board national drug regulatory national estimate necessary nerve compression neuropathic pain nociceptive NSAIDs opioid analgesics opioid availability opioid for mild opioid for moderate oxycodone palliative paracetamol patients need pethidine Physical dependence plasma half-life prescribed psychological dependence psychotropic drug raised intracranial pressure regulators relieve pain relieve the pain requirements severe pain Single Convention spinal cord compression starting dose subcutaneous suppositories syndrome Tramadol tricyclic antidepressant Valproic acid World Health Organization