Discourse AnalysisCambridge University Press, 28.07.1983 - 288 Seiten Discourse analysis is a term that has come to have different interpretations for scholars working in different disciplines. For a sociolinguist, it is concerned mainly with the structure of social interaction manifested in conversation; for a psycholinguist, it is primarily concerned with the nature of comprehension of short written texts; for the computational linguist, it is concerned with producing operational models of text-understanding within highly limited contexts. In this textbook, first published in 1983, the authors provide an extensive overview of the many and diverse approaches to the study of discourse, but base their own approach centrally on the discipline which, to varying degrees, is common to them all - linguistics. Using a methodology which has much in common with descriptive linguistics, they offer a lucid and wide-ranging account of how forms of language are used in communication. Their principal concern is to examine how any language produced by man, whether spoken or written, is used to communicate for a purpose in a context. |
Inhalt
Introduction linguistic forms and functions | 1 |
12 Spoken and written language | 4 |
13 Sentence and utterance | 19 |
The role of context in interpretation | 27 |
22 The context of situation | 35 |
23 The expanding context | 50 |
24 The principles of local interpretation and of analogy | 58 |
Topic and the representation of discourse content | 68 |
52 Information structure and syntactic form | 169 |
53 The psychological status of givenness | 179 |
54 Conclusion | 188 |
The nature of reference in text and in discourse | 190 |
62 Discourse reference | 204 |
63 Pronouns in discourse | 214 |
Coherence in the interpretation of discourse | 223 |
72 Computing communicative function | 226 |
32 Sentential topic | 70 |
33 Discourse topic | 71 |
34 Relevance and speaking topically | 83 |
35 Speakers topic | 87 |
36 Topic boundary markers | 94 |
37 Discourse topic and the representation of discourse content | 106 |
38 Problems with the propositionbased representation of discourse content | 114 |
storygrammars | 116 |
310 Representing textcontent as a network | 121 |
Staging and the representation of discourse structure | 125 |
42 Theme | 126 |
43 Thematisation and staging | 133 |
Information structure | 153 |
73 Speech acts | 231 |
74 Using knowledge of the world | 233 |
75 Topdown and bottomup processing | 234 |
76 Representing background knowledge | 236 |
77 Determining the inferences to be made | 256 |
78 Inferences as missing links | 257 |
79 Inferences as nonautomatic connections | 260 |
710 Inferences as filling in gaps or discontinuities in interpretation | 265 |
711 Conclusion | 270 |
References | 272 |
284 | |
286 | |
Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
analysis of discourse anaphoric approach aspects assume Chafe Chapter characterise Clark clause Cognitive Cognitive Psychology coherent cohesive consider constructed context conversational discourse deictic expressions described descriptive linguistics Dijk discourse analyst discourse fragment discourse topic discussion elements Ellen Blair ellipsis Endophora example extract formal function given Givón grammatical Halliday & Hasan hearer identify individual inferences information structure information units interaction interpretation intonation Johnson-Laird knowledge knowledge representations lexical linguistic Lord Melbourne markers meaning mental model notion noun phrase organisation paragraph paralinguistic participants particular pauses phonological prominence piece of text pragmatic predicate presented problem produce pronouns propositions psycholinguistics question reader realised referring expressions relations relationship relevant representation Rumelhart Sanford & Garrod Schank semantic sentence sequence speaker specific spoken language suggest syntactic talking Text Linguistics thematisation tion tone group topic framework treated understanding utterance Verbal writer written language
Verweise auf dieses Buch
Common Knowledge: The Development of Understanding in the Classroom Derek Edwards,Neil Mercer Keine Leseprobe verfügbar - 1987 |