Advanced Concepts in Arrhythmias

aberration accelerated accessory pathway action potential activity arrhythmias atrial fibrillation atrial flutter automaticity beginning bidirectional tachycardia block bundle bundle branch cardiac caused cells changes Circulation clinical common complex concealed conduction conduction system continuous coupling cycle delay depolarization depressed develops diagnosis digitalis ectopic editors effect electrical escape example excitability focus fusion beats heart illustrated impulse increase initial junctional laddergram later lead lengthening less longer mechanism membrane potential muscle myocardial infarction nodal normal Note occurs pacemaker parasystole patient pattern phase possible PR interval preceding preexcitation presence produce RBBB reach recording reentry refractory period response resting result retrograde conduction rhythm seen shorter shows sinus beats sinus impulse sinus node sinus rhythm slow stimulus strip studies supernormal supraventricular syndrome third threshold tier tion tissue tracing usually V₁ ventricles ventricular ventricular tachycardia wave Wenckebach